1 /*        $NetBSD: arm32_boot.c,v 1.45 2022/12/22 06:58:08 ryo Exp $  */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2002, 2003, 2005  Genetec Corporation.  All rights reserved.
5  * Written by Hiroyuki Bessho for Genetec Corporation.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. The name of Genetec Corporation may not be used to endorse or
16  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
17  *    written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY GENETEC CORPORATION ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL GENETEC CORPORATION
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
32  * All rights reserved.
33  *
34  * Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
45  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
46  *        This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
47  *        Wasabi Systems, Inc.
48  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
49  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
50  *    written permission.
51  *
52  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
53  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
54  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
55  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
56  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
57  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
58  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
59  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
60  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
61  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
62  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
63  *
64  * Copyright (c) 1997,1998 Mark Brinicombe.
65  * Copyright (c) 1997,1998 Causality Limited.
66  * All rights reserved.
67  *
68  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
69  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
70  * are met:
71  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
72  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
73  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
74  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
75  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
76  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
77  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
78  *        This product includes software developed by Mark Brinicombe
79  *        for the NetBSD Project.
80  * 4. The name of the company nor the name of the author may be used to
81  *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
82  *    prior written permission.
83  *
84  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
85  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
86  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
87  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
88  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
89  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
90  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
91  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
92  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
93  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
94  * SUCH DAMAGE.
95  *
96  * Copyright (c) 2007 Microsoft
97  * All rights reserved.
98  *
99  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
100  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
101  * are met:
102  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
103  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
104  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
105  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
106  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
107  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
108  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
109  *        This product includes software developed by Microsoft
110  *
111  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
112  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
113  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
114  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
115  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
116  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
117  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
118  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
119  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
120  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
121  * SUCH DAMAGE.
122  */
123 
124 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
125 __KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: arm32_boot.c,v 1.45 2022/12/22 06:58:08 ryo Exp $");
126 
127 #include "opt_arm_debug.h"
128 #include "opt_cputypes.h"
129 #include "opt_ddb.h"
130 #include "opt_kgdb.h"
131 #include "opt_multiprocessor.h"
132 
133 #include <sys/param.h>
134 
135 #include <sys/asan.h>
136 #include <sys/atomic.h>
137 #include <sys/cpu.h>
138 #include <sys/device.h>
139 #include <sys/intr.h>
140 #include <sys/reboot.h>
141 
142 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
143 
144 #include <arm/locore.h>
145 #include <arm/undefined.h>
146 #include <arm/arm32/machdep.h>
147 
148 #include <machine/db_machdep.h>
149 #include <ddb/db_extern.h>
150 
151 #include <machine/bootconfig.h>
152 
153 #ifdef KGDB
154 #include <sys/kgdb.h>
155 #endif
156 
157 #ifdef VERBOSE_INIT_ARM
158 #define VPRINTF(...)          printf(__VA_ARGS__)
159 #else
160 #define VPRINTF(...)          __nothing
161 #endif
162 
163 vaddr_t
initarm_common(vaddr_t kvm_base,vsize_t kvm_size,const struct boot_physmem * bp,size_t nbp)164 initarm_common(vaddr_t kvm_base, vsize_t kvm_size,
165           const struct boot_physmem *bp, size_t nbp)
166 {
167           struct bootmem_info * const bmi = &bootmem_info;
168 
169           VPRINTF("nfreeblocks = %u, free_pages = %d (%#x)\n",
170               bmi->bmi_nfreeblocks, bmi->bmi_freepages,
171               bmi->bmi_freepages);
172 
173           /*
174            * Moved from cpu_startup() as data_abort_handler() references
175            * this during uvm init.
176            */
177           uvm_lwp_setuarea(&lwp0, kernelstack.pv_va);
178 
179           struct lwp * const l = &lwp0;
180           struct pcb * const pcb = lwp_getpcb(l);
181 
182           /* Zero out the PCB. */
183           memset(pcb, 0, sizeof(*pcb));
184 
185           pcb->pcb_ksp = uvm_lwp_getuarea(l) + USPACE_SVC_STACK_TOP;
186           pcb->pcb_ksp -= sizeof(struct trapframe);
187 
188           struct trapframe * tf = (struct trapframe *)pcb->pcb_ksp;
189 
190           /* Zero out the trapframe. */
191           memset(tf, 0, sizeof(*tf));
192           lwp_settrapframe(l, tf);
193 
194           tf->tf_spsr = PSR_USR32_MODE;
195 #ifdef _ARM_ARCH_BE8
196           tf->tf_spsr |= PSR_E_BIT;
197 #endif
198 
199           VPRINTF("bootstrap done.\n");
200 
201           VPRINTF("vectors");
202           arm32_vector_init(systempage.pv_va, ARM_VEC_ALL);
203           VPRINTF(" %#"PRIxVADDR"\n", vector_page);
204 
205           /*
206            * Pages were allocated during the secondary bootstrap for the
207            * stacks for different CPU modes.
208            * We must now set the r13 registers in the different CPU modes to
209            * point to these stacks.
210            * Since the ARM stacks use STMFD etc. we must set r13 to the top end
211            * of the stack memory.
212            */
213           VPRINTF("init subsystems: stacks ");
214           set_stackptr(PSR_FIQ32_MODE,
215               fiqstack.pv_va + FIQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
216           set_stackptr(PSR_IRQ32_MODE,
217               irqstack.pv_va + IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
218           set_stackptr(PSR_ABT32_MODE,
219               abtstack.pv_va + ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
220           set_stackptr(PSR_UND32_MODE,
221               undstack.pv_va + UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
222 
223           /*
224            * Well we should set a data abort handler.
225            * Once things get going this will change as we will need a proper
226            * handler.
227            * Until then we will use a handler that just panics but tells us
228            * why.
229            * Initialisation of the vectors will just panic on a data abort.
230            * This just fills in a slightly better one.
231            */
232           VPRINTF("vectors ");
233           data_abort_handler_address = (u_int)data_abort_handler;
234           prefetch_abort_handler_address = (u_int)prefetch_abort_handler;
235           undefined_handler_address = (u_int)undefinedinstruction_bounce;
236 
237           /* Initialise the undefined instruction handlers */
238           VPRINTF("undefined ");
239           undefined_init();
240 
241 #ifdef FPU_VFP
242           /* vfp_detect uses an undefined handler */
243           VPRINTF("vfp ");
244           vfp_detect(curcpu());
245 #endif
246 
247           /* Load memory into UVM. */
248           VPRINTF("page ");
249           uvm_md_init();
250 
251           VPRINTF("pmap_physload\n");
252           KASSERT(bp != NULL || nbp == 0);
253           KASSERT(bp == NULL || nbp != 0);
254 
255           for (size_t i = 0; i < bmi->bmi_nfreeblocks; i++) {
256                     pv_addr_t * const pv = &bmi->bmi_freeblocks[i];
257                     paddr_t start = atop(pv->pv_pa);
258                     const paddr_t end = start + atop(pv->pv_size);
259                     int vm_freelist = VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT;
260 
261                     VPRINTF("block %2zu start %08lx  end %08lx", i,
262                         pv->pv_pa, pv->pv_pa + pv->pv_size);
263 
264                     if (!bp) {
265                               VPRINTF("... loading in freelist %d\n", vm_freelist);
266                               uvm_page_physload(start, end, start, end, VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT);
267                               continue;
268                     }
269                     VPRINTF("\n");
270 
271                     /*
272                      * This assumes the bp list is sorted in ascending
273                      * order.
274                      */
275                     paddr_t segend = end;
276                     for (size_t j = 0; j < nbp && start < end; j++) {
277                               paddr_t bp_start = bp[j].bp_start;
278                               paddr_t bp_end = bp_start + bp[j].bp_pages;
279 
280                               VPRINTF("   bp %2zu start %08lx  end %08lx\n",
281                                   j, ptoa(bp_start), ptoa(bp_end));
282 
283                               KASSERT(bp_start < bp_end);
284                               if (start >= bp_end || segend < bp_start)
285                                         continue;
286 
287                               if (start < bp_start)
288                                         start = bp_start;
289 
290                               if (start < bp_end) {
291                                         if (segend > bp_end) {
292                                                   segend = bp_end;
293                                         }
294                                         vm_freelist = bp[j].bp_freelist;
295 
296                                         VPRINTF("         start %08lx  end %08lx"
297                                             "... loading in freelist %d\n", ptoa(start),
298                                             ptoa(segend), vm_freelist);
299 
300                                         uvm_page_physload(start, segend, start, segend,
301                                             vm_freelist);
302 
303                                         start = segend;
304                                         segend = end;
305                               }
306                     }
307           }
308 
309           /*
310            * Bootstrap pmap telling it where the managed kernel virtual memory
311            * is.
312            */
313           VPRINTF("pmap ");
314           pmap_bootstrap(kvm_base, kvm_base + kvm_size);
315 
316           kasan_init();
317 
318 #ifdef __HAVE_MEMORY_DISK__
319           md_root_setconf(memory_disk, sizeof memory_disk);
320 #endif
321 
322 #ifdef BOOTHOWTO
323           boothowto |= BOOTHOWTO;
324 #endif
325 
326 #ifdef KGDB
327           if (boothowto & RB_KDB) {
328                     kgdb_debug_init = 1;
329                     kgdb_connect(1);
330           }
331 #endif
332 
333 #ifdef DDB
334           db_machine_init();
335           ddb_init(0, NULL, NULL);
336 
337           if (boothowto & RB_KDB)
338                     Debugger();
339 #endif
340 
341 #ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR
342           /*
343            * Ensure BP cache is flushed to memory so that APs start cache
344            * coherency with correct view.
345            */
346           cpu_dcache_wbinv_all();
347 #endif
348 
349           VPRINTF("done.\n");
350 
351           /* We return the new stack pointer address */
352           return pcb->pcb_ksp;
353 }
354 
355 #ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR
356 /*
357  * When we are called, the MMU and caches are on and we are running on the stack
358  * of the idlelwp for this cpu.
359  */
360 void
cpu_hatch(struct cpu_info * ci,u_int cpuindex,void (* md_cpu_init)(struct cpu_info *))361 cpu_hatch(struct cpu_info *ci, u_int cpuindex, void (*md_cpu_init)(struct cpu_info *))
362 {
363           KASSERT(cpu_index(ci) == cpuindex);
364 
365           /*
366            * Raise our IPL to the max
367            */
368           splhigh();
369 
370           VPRINTF("%s(%s): ", __func__, cpu_name(ci));
371           /* mpidr/midr filled in by cpu_init_secondary_processor */
372 
373           /*
374            * Make sure we have the right vector page.
375            */
376           VPRINTF(" vectors");
377           arm32_vector_init(systempage.pv_va, ARM_VEC_ALL);
378 
379           /*
380            * Initialize the stack for each mode (we are already running on the
381            * SVC32 stack of the idlelwp).
382            */
383           VPRINTF(" stacks");
384           set_stackptr(PSR_FIQ32_MODE,
385               fiqstack.pv_va + (cpu_index(ci) + 1) * FIQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
386           set_stackptr(PSR_IRQ32_MODE,
387               irqstack.pv_va + (cpu_index(ci) + 1) * IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
388           set_stackptr(PSR_ABT32_MODE,
389               abtstack.pv_va + (cpu_index(ci) + 1) * ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
390           set_stackptr(PSR_UND32_MODE,
391               undstack.pv_va + (cpu_index(ci) + 1) * UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
392 
393           ci->ci_lastlwp = NULL;
394           ci->ci_pmap_lastuser = NULL;
395 #ifdef ARM_MMU_EXTENDED
396           VPRINTF(" tlb");
397           /*
398            * Attach to the tlb.
399            */
400           ci->ci_pmap_cur = pmap_kernel();
401           ci->ci_pmap_asid_cur = KERNEL_PID;
402 #endif
403 
404 #ifdef CPU_CORTEX
405           if (CPU_ID_CORTEX_P(ci->ci_arm_cpuid)) {
406                     /*
407                      * Start and reset the PMC Cycle Counter.
408                      */
409                     armreg_pmcr_write(ARM11_PMCCTL_E|ARM11_PMCCTL_P|ARM11_PMCCTL_C);
410                     armreg_pmintenclr_write(PMINTEN_C | PMINTEN_P);
411                     armreg_pmcntenset_write(CORTEX_CNTENS_C);
412           }
413 #endif
414 
415           VPRINTF(" md(%p)", md_cpu_init);
416           if (md_cpu_init != NULL)
417                     (*md_cpu_init)(ci);
418 
419           VPRINTF(" interrupts");
420           /*
421            * Let the interrupts do what they need to on this CPU.
422            */
423           intr_cpu_init(ci);
424 
425           VPRINTF(" done!\n");
426           cpu_clr_mbox(cpuindex);
427 }
428 #endif /* MULTIPROCESSOR */
429