1 /*        $NetBSD: match.c,v 1.17 2024/09/24 21:32:18 christos Exp $  */
2 /* $OpenBSD: match.c,v 1.45 2024/09/06 02:30:44 djm Exp $ */
3 
4 /*
5  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
6  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7  *                    All rights reserved
8  * Simple pattern matching, with '*' and '?' as wildcards.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 /*
17  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
18  *
19  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
20  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
21  * are met:
22  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
24  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
25  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
26  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
30  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
31  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
32  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
33  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
34  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
35  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
36  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
37  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #include "includes.h"
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: match.c,v 1.17 2024/09/24 21:32:18 christos Exp $");
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 
44 #include <ctype.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <stdarg.h>
48 #include <stdio.h>
49 
50 #include "xmalloc.h"
51 #include "match.h"
52 #include "misc.h"
53 
54 /*
55  * Returns true if the given string matches the pattern (which may contain ?
56  * and * as wildcards), and zero if it does not match.
57  */
58 int
match_pattern(const char * s,const char * pattern)59 match_pattern(const char *s, const char *pattern)
60 {
61           for (;;) {
62                     /* If at end of pattern, accept if also at end of string. */
63                     if (!*pattern)
64                               return !*s;
65 
66                     if (*pattern == '*') {
67                               /* Skip this and any consecutive asterisks. */
68                               while (*pattern == '*')
69                                         pattern++;
70 
71                               /* If at end of pattern, accept immediately. */
72                               if (!*pattern)
73                                         return 1;
74 
75                               /* If next character in pattern is known, optimize. */
76                               if (*pattern != '?' && *pattern != '*') {
77                                         /*
78                                          * Look instances of the next character in
79                                          * pattern, and try to match starting from
80                                          * those.
81                                          */
82                                         for (; *s; s++)
83                                                   if (*s == *pattern &&
84                                                       match_pattern(s + 1, pattern + 1))
85                                                             return 1;
86                                         /* Failed. */
87                                         return 0;
88                               }
89                               /*
90                                * Move ahead one character at a time and try to
91                                * match at each position.
92                                */
93                               for (; *s; s++)
94                                         if (match_pattern(s, pattern))
95                                                   return 1;
96                               /* Failed. */
97                               return 0;
98                     }
99                     /*
100                      * There must be at least one more character in the string.
101                      * If we are at the end, fail.
102                      */
103                     if (!*s)
104                               return 0;
105 
106                     /* Check if the next character of the string is acceptable. */
107                     if (*pattern != '?' && *pattern != *s)
108                               return 0;
109 
110                     /* Move to the next character, both in string and in pattern. */
111                     s++;
112                     pattern++;
113           }
114           /* NOTREACHED */
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Tries to match the string against the
119  * comma-separated sequence of subpatterns (each possibly preceded by ! to
120  * indicate negation).  Returns -1 if negation matches, 1 if there is
121  * a positive match, 0 if there is no match at all.
122  */
123 int
match_pattern_list(const char * string,const char * pattern,int dolower)124 match_pattern_list(const char *string, const char *pattern, int dolower)
125 {
126           char sub[1024];
127           int negated;
128           int got_positive;
129           u_int i, subi, len = strlen(pattern);
130 
131           got_positive = 0;
132           for (i = 0; i < len;) {
133                     /* Check if the subpattern is negated. */
134                     if (pattern[i] == '!') {
135                               negated = 1;
136                               i++;
137                     } else
138                               negated = 0;
139 
140                     /*
141                      * Extract the subpattern up to a comma or end.  Convert the
142                      * subpattern to lowercase.
143                      */
144                     for (subi = 0;
145                         i < len && subi < sizeof(sub) - 1 && pattern[i] != ',';
146                         subi++, i++)
147                               sub[subi] = dolower && isupper((u_char)pattern[i]) ?
148                                   tolower((u_char)pattern[i]) : pattern[i];
149                     /* If subpattern too long, return failure (no match). */
150                     if (subi >= sizeof(sub) - 1)
151                               return 0;
152 
153                     /* If the subpattern was terminated by a comma, then skip it. */
154                     if (i < len && pattern[i] == ',')
155                               i++;
156 
157                     /* Null-terminate the subpattern. */
158                     sub[subi] = '\0';
159 
160                     /* Try to match the subpattern against the string. */
161                     if (match_pattern(string, sub)) {
162                               if (negated)
163                                         return -1;                    /* Negative */
164                               else
165                                         got_positive = 1;   /* Positive */
166                     }
167           }
168 
169           /*
170            * Return success if got a positive match.  If there was a negative
171            * match, we have already returned -1 and never get here.
172            */
173           return got_positive;
174 }
175 
176 /* Match a list representing users or groups. */
177 int
match_usergroup_pattern_list(const char * string,const char * pattern)178 match_usergroup_pattern_list(const char *string, const char *pattern)
179 {
180           /* Case sensitive match */
181           return match_pattern_list(string, pattern, 0);
182 }
183 
184 /*
185  * Tries to match the host name (which must be in all lowercase) against the
186  * comma-separated sequence of subpatterns (each possibly preceded by ! to
187  * indicate negation).  Returns -1 if negation matches, 1 if there is
188  * a positive match, 0 if there is no match at all.
189  */
190 int
match_hostname(const char * host,const char * pattern)191 match_hostname(const char *host, const char *pattern)
192 {
193           char *hostcopy = xstrdup(host);
194           int r;
195 
196           lowercase(hostcopy);
197           r = match_pattern_list(hostcopy, pattern, 1);
198           free(hostcopy);
199           return r;
200 }
201 
202 /*
203  * returns 0 if we get a negative match for the hostname or the ip
204  * or if we get no match at all.  returns -1 on error, or 1 on
205  * successful match.
206  */
207 int
match_host_and_ip(const char * host,const char * ipaddr,const char * patterns)208 match_host_and_ip(const char *host, const char *ipaddr,
209     const char *patterns)
210 {
211           int mhost, mip;
212 
213           if ((mip = addr_match_list(ipaddr, patterns)) == -2)
214                     return -1; /* error in ipaddr match */
215           else if (host == NULL || ipaddr == NULL || mip == -1)
216                     return 0; /* negative ip address match, or testing pattern */
217 
218           /* negative hostname match */
219           if ((mhost = match_hostname(host, patterns)) == -1)
220                     return 0;
221           /* no match at all */
222           if (mhost == 0 && mip == 0)
223                     return 0;
224           return 1;
225 }
226 
227 /*
228  * Match user, user@host_or_ip, user@host_or_ip_list against pattern.
229  * If user, host and ipaddr are all NULL then validate pattern/
230  * Returns -1 on invalid pattern, 0 on no match, 1 on match.
231  */
232 int
match_user(const char * user,const char * host,const char * ipaddr,const char * pattern)233 match_user(const char *user, const char *host, const char *ipaddr,
234     const char *pattern)
235 {
236           char *p, *pat;
237           int ret;
238 
239           /* test mode */
240           if (user == NULL && host == NULL && ipaddr == NULL) {
241                     if ((p = strrchr(pattern, '@')) != NULL &&
242                         match_host_and_ip(NULL, NULL, p + 1) < 0)
243                               return -1;
244                     return 0;
245           }
246 
247           if (user == NULL)
248                     return 0; /* shouldn't happen */
249 
250           if (strrchr(pattern, '@') == NULL)
251                     return match_pattern(user, pattern);
252 
253           pat = xstrdup(pattern);
254           p = strrchr(pat, '@');
255           *p++ = '\0';
256 
257           if ((ret = match_pattern(user, pat)) == 1)
258                     ret = match_host_and_ip(host, ipaddr, p);
259           free(pat);
260 
261           return ret;
262 }
263 
264 /*
265  * Returns first item from client-list that is also supported by server-list,
266  * caller must free the returned string.
267  */
268 #define   MAX_PROP  40
269 #define   SEP       ","
270 char *
match_list(const char * client,const char * server,u_int * next)271 match_list(const char *client, const char *server, u_int *next)
272 {
273           char *sproposals[MAX_PROP];
274           char *c, *s, *p, *ret, *cp, *sp;
275           int i, j, nproposals;
276 
277           c = cp = xstrdup(client);
278           s = sp = xstrdup(server);
279 
280           for ((p = strsep(&sp, SEP)), i=0; p && *p != '\0';
281               (p = strsep(&sp, SEP)), i++) {
282                     if (i < MAX_PROP)
283                               sproposals[i] = p;
284                     else
285                               break;
286           }
287           nproposals = i;
288 
289           for ((p = strsep(&cp, SEP)), i=0; p && *p != '\0';
290               (p = strsep(&cp, SEP)), i++) {
291                     for (j = 0; j < nproposals; j++) {
292                               if (strcmp(p, sproposals[j]) == 0) {
293                                         ret = xstrdup(p);
294                                         if (next != NULL)
295                                                   *next = (cp == NULL) ?
296                                                       strlen(c) : (u_int)(cp - c);
297                                         free(c);
298                                         free(s);
299                                         return ret;
300                               }
301                     }
302           }
303           if (next != NULL)
304                     *next = strlen(c);
305           free(c);
306           free(s);
307           return NULL;
308 }
309 
310 /*
311  * Filter proposal using pattern-list filter.
312  * "denylist" determines sense of filter:
313  * non-zero indicates that items matching filter should be excluded.
314  * zero indicates that only items matching filter should be included.
315  * returns NULL on allocation error, otherwise caller must free result.
316  */
317 static char *
filter_list(const char * proposal,const char * filter,int denylist)318 filter_list(const char *proposal, const char *filter, int denylist)
319 {
320           size_t len = strlen(proposal) + 1;
321           char *fix_prop = malloc(len);
322           char *orig_prop = strdup(proposal);
323           char *cp, *tmp;
324           int r;
325 
326           if (fix_prop == NULL || orig_prop == NULL) {
327                     free(orig_prop);
328                     free(fix_prop);
329                     return NULL;
330           }
331 
332           tmp = orig_prop;
333           *fix_prop = '\0';
334           while ((cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL) {
335                     r = match_pattern_list(cp, filter, 0);
336                     if ((denylist && r != 1) || (!denylist && r == 1)) {
337                               if (*fix_prop != '\0')
338                                         strlcat(fix_prop, ",", len);
339                               strlcat(fix_prop, cp, len);
340                     }
341           }
342           free(orig_prop);
343           return fix_prop;
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * Filters a comma-separated list of strings, excluding any entry matching
348  * the 'filter' pattern list. Caller must free returned string.
349  */
350 char *
match_filter_denylist(const char * proposal,const char * filter)351 match_filter_denylist(const char *proposal, const char *filter)
352 {
353           return filter_list(proposal, filter, 1);
354 }
355 
356 /*
357  * Filters a comma-separated list of strings, including only entries matching
358  * the 'filter' pattern list. Caller must free returned string.
359  */
360 char *
match_filter_allowlist(const char * proposal,const char * filter)361 match_filter_allowlist(const char *proposal, const char *filter)
362 {
363           return filter_list(proposal, filter, 0);
364 }
365