[Midnightbsd-cvs] src: geom/journal: Add geom journal kernel module.

laffer1 at midnightbsd.org laffer1 at midnightbsd.org
Tue Sep 30 01:46:04 EDT 2008


Log Message:
-----------
Add geom journal kernel module.  This is a fs indepentant journaling mechanism

Added Files:
-----------
    src/sys/geom/journal:
        g_journal.c (r1.1)
        g_journal.h (r1.1)
        g_journal_ufs.c (r1.1)

-------------- next part --------------
--- /dev/null
+++ sys/geom/journal/g_journal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3043 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd at FreeBSD.org>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/sys/geom/journal/g_journal.c,v 1.13 2007/06/05 00:00:52 jeff Exp $");
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/systm.h>
+#include <sys/kernel.h>
+#include <sys/module.h>
+#include <sys/limits.h>
+#include <sys/lock.h>
+#include <sys/mutex.h>
+#include <sys/bio.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#include <sys/malloc.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/eventhandler.h>
+#include <sys/proc.h>
+#include <sys/kthread.h>
+#include <sys/sched.h>
+#include <sys/taskqueue.h>
+#include <sys/vnode.h>
+#include <sys/sbuf.h>
+#ifdef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+#include <sys/stack.h>
+#include <sys/kdb.h>
+#endif
+#include <vm/vm.h>
+#include <vm/vm_kern.h>
+#include <geom/geom.h>
+
+#include <geom/journal/g_journal.h>
+
+
+/*
+ * On-disk journal format:
+ *
+ * JH - Journal header
+ * RH - Record header
+ *
+ * %%%%%% ****** +------+ +------+     ****** +------+     %%%%%%
+ * % JH % * RH * | Data | | Data | ... * RH * | Data | ... % JH % ...
+ * %%%%%% ****** +------+ +------+     ****** +------+     %%%%%%
+ *
+ */
+
+CTASSERT(sizeof(struct g_journal_header) <= 512);
+CTASSERT(sizeof(struct g_journal_record_header) <= 512);
+
+static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_JOURNAL, "journal_data", "GEOM_JOURNAL Data");
+static struct mtx g_journal_cache_mtx;
+MTX_SYSINIT(g_journal_cache, &g_journal_cache_mtx, "cache usage", MTX_DEF);
+
+const struct g_journal_desc *g_journal_filesystems[] = {
+	&g_journal_ufs,
+	NULL
+};
+
+SYSCTL_DECL(_kern_geom);
+
+int g_journal_debug = 0;
+TUNABLE_INT("kern.geom.journal.debug", &g_journal_debug);
+static u_int g_journal_switch_time = 10;
+static u_int g_journal_force_switch = 70;
+static u_int g_journal_parallel_flushes = 16;
+static u_int g_journal_parallel_copies = 16;
+static u_int g_journal_accept_immediately = 64;
+static u_int g_journal_record_entries = GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES;
+static u_int g_journal_do_optimize = 1;
+
+SYSCTL_NODE(_kern_geom, OID_AUTO, journal, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "GEOM_JOURNAL stuff");
+SYSCTL_INT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, debug, CTLFLAG_RW, &g_journal_debug, 0,
+    "Debug level");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, switch_time, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_switch_time, 0, "Switch journals every N seconds");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, force_switch, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_force_switch, 0, "Force switch when journal is N% full");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, parallel_flushes, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_parallel_flushes, 0,
+    "Number of flush I/O requests send in parallel");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, accept_immediately, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_accept_immediately, 0,
+    "Number of I/O requests accepted immediatelly");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, parallel_copies, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_parallel_copies, 0,
+    "Number of copy I/O requests send in parallel");
+static int
+g_journal_record_entries_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
+{
+	u_int entries;
+	int error;
+
+	entries = g_journal_record_entries;
+	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &entries, 0, req);
+	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
+		return (error);
+	if (entries < 1 || entries > GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	g_journal_record_entries = entries;
+	return (0);
+}
+SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, record_entries,
+    CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0, g_journal_record_entries_sysctl, "I",
+    "Maximum number of entires in one journal record");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, optimize, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_do_optimize, 0, "Try to combine bios on flush and copy");
+
+static u_int g_journal_cache_used = 0;
+static u_int g_journal_cache_limit = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
+TUNABLE_INT("kern.geom.journal.cache.limit", &g_journal_cache_limit);
+static u_int g_journal_cache_divisor = 2;
+TUNABLE_INT("kern.geom.journal.cache.divisor", &g_journal_cache_divisor);
+static u_int g_journal_cache_switch = 90;
+static u_int g_journal_cache_misses = 0;
+static u_int g_journal_cache_alloc_failures = 0;
+static u_int g_journal_cache_low = 0;
+
+SYSCTL_NODE(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, cache, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
+    "GEOM_JOURNAL cache");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, used, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    &g_journal_cache_used, 0, "Number of allocated bytes");
+static int
+g_journal_cache_limit_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
+{
+	u_int limit;
+	int error;
+
+	limit = g_journal_cache_limit;
+	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &limit, 0, req);
+	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
+		return (error);
+	g_journal_cache_limit = limit;
+	g_journal_cache_low = (limit / 100) * g_journal_cache_switch;
+	return (0);
+}
+SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, limit,
+    CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0, g_journal_cache_limit_sysctl, "I",
+    "Maximum number of allocated bytes");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, divisor, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
+    &g_journal_cache_divisor, 0,
+    "(kmem_size / kern.geom.journal.cache.divisor) == cache size");
+static int
+g_journal_cache_switch_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
+{
+	u_int cswitch;
+	int error;
+
+	cswitch = g_journal_cache_switch;
+	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &cswitch, 0, req);
+	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
+		return (error);
+	if (cswitch < 0 || cswitch > 100)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	g_journal_cache_switch = cswitch;
+	g_journal_cache_low = (g_journal_cache_limit / 100) * cswitch;
+	return (0);
+}
+SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, switch,
+    CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0, g_journal_cache_switch_sysctl, "I",
+    "Force switch when we hit this percent of cache use");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, misses, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_cache_misses, 0, "Number of cache misses");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_journal_cache, OID_AUTO, alloc_failures, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_cache_alloc_failures, 0, "Memory allocation failures");
+
+static u_long g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped = 0;
+static u_long g_journal_stats_combined_ios = 0;
+static u_long g_journal_stats_switches = 0;
+static u_long g_journal_stats_wait_for_copy = 0;
+static u_long g_journal_stats_journal_full = 0;
+static u_long g_journal_stats_low_mem = 0;
+
+SYSCTL_NODE(_kern_geom_journal, OID_AUTO, stats, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
+    "GEOM_JOURNAL statistics");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, skipped_bytes, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped, 0, "Number of skipped bytes");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, combined_ios, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_combined_ios, 0, "Number of combined I/O requests");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, switches, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_switches, 0, "Number of journal switches");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, wait_for_copy, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_wait_for_copy, 0, "Wait for journal copy on switch");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, journal_full, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_journal_full, 0,
+    "Number of times journal was almost full.");
+SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern_geom_journal_stats, OID_AUTO, low_mem, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &g_journal_stats_low_mem, 0, "Number of times low_mem hook was called.");
+
+static g_taste_t g_journal_taste;
+static g_ctl_req_t g_journal_config;
+static g_dumpconf_t g_journal_dumpconf;
+static g_init_t g_journal_init;
+static g_fini_t g_journal_fini;
+
+struct g_class g_journal_class = {
+	.name = G_JOURNAL_CLASS_NAME,
+	.version = G_VERSION,
+	.taste = g_journal_taste,
+	.ctlreq = g_journal_config,
+	.dumpconf = g_journal_dumpconf,
+	.init = g_journal_init,
+	.fini = g_journal_fini
+};
+
+static int g_journal_destroy(struct g_journal_softc *sc);
+static void g_journal_metadata_update(struct g_journal_softc *sc);
+static void g_journal_switch_wait(struct g_journal_softc *sc);
+
+#define	GJ_SWITCHER_WORKING	0
+#define	GJ_SWITCHER_DIE		1
+#define	GJ_SWITCHER_DIED	2
+static int g_journal_switcher_state = GJ_SWITCHER_WORKING;
+static int g_journal_switcher_wokenup = 0;
+static int g_journal_sync_requested = 0;
+
+#ifdef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+struct meminfo {
+	size_t		mi_size;
+	struct stack	mi_stack;
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * We use our own malloc/realloc/free funtions, so we can collect statistics
+ * and force journal switch when we're running out of cache.
+ */
+static void *
+gj_malloc(size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	void *p;
+#ifdef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+	struct meminfo *mi;
+#endif
+
+	mtx_lock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	if (g_journal_cache_limit > 0 && !g_journal_switcher_wokenup &&
+	    g_journal_cache_used + size > g_journal_cache_low) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "No cache, waking up the switcher.");
+		g_journal_switcher_wokenup = 1;
+		wakeup(&g_journal_switcher_state);
+	}
+	if ((flags & M_NOWAIT) && g_journal_cache_limit > 0 &&
+	    g_journal_cache_used + size > g_journal_cache_limit) {
+		mtx_unlock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+		g_journal_cache_alloc_failures++;
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+	g_journal_cache_used += size;
+	mtx_unlock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	flags &= ~M_NOWAIT;
+#ifndef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+	p = malloc(size, M_JOURNAL, flags | M_WAITOK);
+#else
+	mi = malloc(sizeof(*mi) + size, M_JOURNAL, flags | M_WAITOK);
+	p = (u_char *)mi + sizeof(*mi);
+	mi->mi_size = size;
+	stack_save(&mi->mi_stack);
+#endif
+	return (p);
+}
+
+static void
+gj_free(void *p, size_t size)
+{
+#ifdef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+	struct meminfo *mi;
+#endif
+
+	KASSERT(p != NULL, ("p=NULL"));
+	KASSERT(size > 0, ("size=0"));
+	mtx_lock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	KASSERT(g_journal_cache_used >= size, ("Freeing too much?"));
+	g_journal_cache_used -= size;
+	mtx_unlock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+#ifdef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+	mi = p = (void *)((u_char *)p - sizeof(*mi));
+	if (mi->mi_size != size) {
+		printf("GJOURNAL: Size mismatch! %zu != %zu\n", size,
+		    mi->mi_size);
+		printf("GJOURNAL: Alloc backtrace:\n");
+		stack_print(&mi->mi_stack);
+		printf("GJOURNAL: Free backtrace:\n");
+		kdb_backtrace();
+	}
+#endif
+	free(p, M_JOURNAL);
+}
+
+static void *
+gj_realloc(void *p, size_t size, size_t oldsize)
+{
+	void *np;
+
+#ifndef GJ_MEMDEBUG
+	mtx_lock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	g_journal_cache_used -= oldsize;
+	g_journal_cache_used += size;
+	mtx_unlock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	np = realloc(p, size, M_JOURNAL, M_WAITOK);
+#else
+	np = gj_malloc(size, M_WAITOK);
+	bcopy(p, np, MIN(oldsize, size));
+	gj_free(p, oldsize);
+#endif
+	return (np);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_check_overflow(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	off_t length, used;
+
+	if ((sc->sc_active.jj_offset < sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset &&
+	     sc->sc_journal_offset >= sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset) ||
+	    (sc->sc_active.jj_offset > sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset &&
+	     sc->sc_journal_offset >= sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset &&
+	     sc->sc_journal_offset < sc->sc_active.jj_offset)) {
+		panic("Journal overflow (joffset=%jd active=%jd inactive=%jd)",
+		    (intmax_t)sc->sc_journal_offset,
+		    (intmax_t)sc->sc_active.jj_offset,
+		    (intmax_t)sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset);
+	}
+	if (sc->sc_active.jj_offset < sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset) {
+		length = sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset - sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+		used = sc->sc_journal_offset - sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+	} else {
+		length = sc->sc_jend - sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+		length += sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset - sc->sc_jstart;
+		if (sc->sc_journal_offset >= sc->sc_active.jj_offset)
+			used = sc->sc_journal_offset - sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+		else {
+			used = sc->sc_jend - sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+			used += sc->sc_journal_offset - sc->sc_jstart;
+		}
+	}
+	/* Already woken up? */
+	if (g_journal_switcher_wokenup)
+		return;
+	/*
+	 * If the active journal takes more than g_journal_force_switch precent
+	 * of free journal space, we force journal switch.
+	 */
+	KASSERT(length > 0,
+	    ("length=%jd used=%jd active=%jd inactive=%jd joffset=%jd",
+	    (intmax_t)length, (intmax_t)used,
+	    (intmax_t)sc->sc_active.jj_offset,
+	    (intmax_t)sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset,
+	    (intmax_t)sc->sc_journal_offset));
+	if ((used * 100) / length > g_journal_force_switch) {
+		g_journal_stats_journal_full++;
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Journal %s %jd%% full, forcing journal switch.",
+		    sc->sc_name, (used * 100) / length);
+		mtx_lock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+		g_journal_switcher_wokenup = 1;
+		wakeup(&g_journal_switcher_state);
+		mtx_unlock(&g_journal_cache_mtx);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_orphan(struct g_consumer *cp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	char name[256];
+	int error;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	sc = cp->geom->softc;
+	strlcpy(name, cp->provider->name, sizeof(name));
+	GJ_DEBUG(0, "Lost provider %s.", name);
+	if (sc == NULL)
+		return;
+	error = g_journal_destroy(sc);
+	if (error == 0)
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal %s destroyed.", name);
+	else {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot destroy journal %s (error=%d). "
+		    "Destroy it manually after last close.", sc->sc_name,
+		    error);
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+g_journal_access(struct g_provider *pp, int acr, int acw, int ace)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	int dcr, dcw, dce;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	GJ_DEBUG(2, "Access request for %s: r%dw%de%d.", pp->name,
+	    acr, acw, ace);
+
+	dcr = pp->acr + acr;
+	dcw = pp->acw + acw;
+	dce = pp->ace + ace;
+
+	sc = pp->geom->softc;
+	if (sc == NULL || (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY)) {
+		if (acr <= 0 && acw <= 0 && ace <= 0)
+			return (0);
+		else
+			return (ENXIO);
+	}
+	if (pp->acw == 0 && dcw > 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Marking %s as dirty.", sc->sc_name);
+		sc->sc_flags &= ~GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN;
+		g_topology_unlock();
+		g_journal_metadata_update(sc);
+		g_topology_lock();
+	} /* else if (pp->acw == 0 && dcw > 0 && JEMPTY(sc)) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Marking %s as clean.", sc->sc_name);
+		sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN;
+		g_topology_unlock();
+		g_journal_metadata_update(sc);
+		g_topology_lock();
+	} */
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_header_encode(struct g_journal_header *hdr, u_char *data)
+{
+
+	bcopy(GJ_HEADER_MAGIC, data, sizeof(GJ_HEADER_MAGIC));
+	data += sizeof(GJ_HEADER_MAGIC);
+	le32enc(data, hdr->jh_journal_id);
+	data += 4;
+	le32enc(data, hdr->jh_journal_next_id);
+}
+
+static int
+g_journal_header_decode(const u_char *data, struct g_journal_header *hdr)
+{
+
+	bcopy(data, hdr->jh_magic, sizeof(hdr->jh_magic));
+	data += sizeof(hdr->jh_magic);
+	if (bcmp(hdr->jh_magic, GJ_HEADER_MAGIC, sizeof(GJ_HEADER_MAGIC)) != 0)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	hdr->jh_journal_id = le32dec(data);
+	data += 4;
+	hdr->jh_journal_next_id = le32dec(data);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_flush_cache(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct bintime bt;
+	int error;
+
+	if (sc->sc_bio_flush == 0)
+		return;
+	GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+	if (sc->sc_bio_flush & GJ_FLUSH_JOURNAL) {
+		error = g_io_flush(sc->sc_jconsumer);
+		GJ_DEBUG(error == 0 ? 2 : 0, "Flush cache of %s: error=%d.",
+		    sc->sc_jconsumer->provider->name, error);
+	}
+	if (sc->sc_bio_flush & GJ_FLUSH_DATA) {
+		/*
+		 * TODO: This could be called in parallel with the
+		 *       previous call.
+		 */
+		error = g_io_flush(sc->sc_dconsumer);
+		GJ_DEBUG(error == 0 ? 2 : 0, "Flush cache of %s: error=%d.",
+		    sc->sc_dconsumer->provider->name, error);
+	}
+	GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Cache flush time");
+}
+
+static int
+g_journal_write_header(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_journal_header hdr;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	u_char *buf;
+	int error;
+
+	cp = sc->sc_jconsumer;
+	buf = gj_malloc(cp->provider->sectorsize, M_WAITOK);
+
+	strlcpy(hdr.jh_magic, GJ_HEADER_MAGIC, sizeof(hdr.jh_magic));
+	hdr.jh_journal_id = sc->sc_journal_id;
+	hdr.jh_journal_next_id = sc->sc_journal_next_id;
+	g_journal_header_encode(&hdr, buf);
+	error = g_write_data(cp, sc->sc_journal_offset, buf,
+	    cp->provider->sectorsize);
+	/* if (error == 0) */
+	sc->sc_journal_offset += cp->provider->sectorsize;
+
+	gj_free(buf, cp->provider->sectorsize);
+	return (error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Every journal record has a header and data following it.
+ * Functions below are used to decode the header before storing it to
+ * little endian and to encode it after reading to system endianess.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_record_header_encode(struct g_journal_record_header *hdr,
+    u_char *data)
+{
+	struct g_journal_entry *ent;
+	u_int i;
+
+	bcopy(GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC, data, sizeof(GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC));
+	data += sizeof(GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC);
+	le32enc(data, hdr->jrh_journal_id);
+	data += 8;
+	le16enc(data, hdr->jrh_nentries);
+	data += 2;
+	bcopy(hdr->jrh_sum, data, sizeof(hdr->jrh_sum));
+	data += 8;
+	for (i = 0; i < hdr->jrh_nentries; i++) {
+		ent = &hdr->jrh_entries[i];
+		le64enc(data, ent->je_joffset);
+		data += 8;
+		le64enc(data, ent->je_offset);
+		data += 8;
+		le64enc(data, ent->je_length);
+		data += 8;
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+g_journal_record_header_decode(const u_char *data,
+    struct g_journal_record_header *hdr)
+{
+	struct g_journal_entry *ent;
+	u_int i;
+
+	bcopy(data, hdr->jrh_magic, sizeof(hdr->jrh_magic));
+	data += sizeof(hdr->jrh_magic);
+	if (strcmp(hdr->jrh_magic, GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC) != 0)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	hdr->jrh_journal_id = le32dec(data);
+	data += 8;
+	hdr->jrh_nentries = le16dec(data);
+	data += 2;
+	if (hdr->jrh_nentries > GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	bcopy(data, hdr->jrh_sum, sizeof(hdr->jrh_sum));
+	data += 8;
+	for (i = 0; i < hdr->jrh_nentries; i++) {
+		ent = &hdr->jrh_entries[i];
+		ent->je_joffset = le64dec(data);
+		data += 8;
+		ent->je_offset = le64dec(data);
+		data += 8;
+		ent->je_length = le64dec(data);
+		data += 8;
+	}
+	return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function reads metadata from a provider (via the given consumer), decodes
+ * it to system endianess and verifies its correctness.
+ */
+static int
+g_journal_metadata_read(struct g_consumer *cp, struct g_journal_metadata *md)
+{
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+	u_char *buf;
+	int error;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+
+	error = g_access(cp, 1, 0, 0);
+	if (error != 0)
+		return (error);
+	pp = cp->provider;
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	/* Metadata is stored in last sector. */
+	buf = g_read_data(cp, pp->mediasize - pp->sectorsize, pp->sectorsize,
+	    &error);
+	g_topology_lock();
+	g_access(cp, -1, 0, 0);
+	if (buf == NULL) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Cannot read metadata from %s (error=%d).",
+		    cp->provider->name, error);
+		return (error);
+	}
+
+	/* Decode metadata. */
+	error = journal_metadata_decode(buf, md);
+	g_free(buf);
+	/* Is this is gjournal provider at all? */
+	if (strcmp(md->md_magic, G_JOURNAL_MAGIC) != 0)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	/*
+	 * Are we able to handle this version of metadata?
+	 * We only maintain backward compatibility.
+	 */
+	if (md->md_version > G_JOURNAL_VERSION) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0,
+		    "Kernel module is too old to handle metadata from %s.",
+		    cp->provider->name);
+		return (EINVAL);
+	}
+	/* Is checksum correct? */
+	if (error != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "MD5 metadata hash mismatch for provider %s.",
+		    cp->provider->name);
+		return (error);
+	}
+	return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Two functions below are responsible for updating metadata.
+ * Only metadata on the data provider is updated (we need to update
+ * information about active journal in there).
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_metadata_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+
+	/*
+	 * There is not much we can do on error except informing about it.
+	 */
+	if (bp->bio_error != 0) {
+		GJ_LOGREQ(0, bp, "Cannot update metadata (error=%d).",
+		    bp->bio_error);
+	} else {
+		GJ_LOGREQ(2, bp, "Metadata updated.");
+	}
+	gj_free(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_metadata_update(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_journal_metadata md;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	struct bio *bp;
+	u_char *sector;
+
+	cp = sc->sc_dconsumer;
+	sector = gj_malloc(cp->provider->sectorsize, M_WAITOK);
+	strlcpy(md.md_magic, G_JOURNAL_MAGIC, sizeof(md.md_magic));
+	md.md_version = G_JOURNAL_VERSION;
+	md.md_id = sc->sc_id;
+	md.md_type = sc->sc_orig_type;
+	md.md_jstart = sc->sc_jstart;
+	md.md_jend = sc->sc_jend;
+	md.md_joffset = sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset;
+	md.md_jid = sc->sc_journal_previous_id;
+	md.md_flags = 0;
+	if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN)
+		md.md_flags |= GJ_FLAG_CLEAN;
+
+	if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_HARDCODED)
+		strlcpy(md.md_provider, sc->sc_name, sizeof(md.md_provider));
+	else
+		bzero(md.md_provider, sizeof(md.md_provider));
+	md.md_provsize = cp->provider->mediasize;
+	journal_metadata_encode(&md, sector);
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush the cache, so we know all data are on disk.
+	 * We write here informations like "journal is consistent", so we need
+	 * to be sure it is. Without BIO_FLUSH here, we can end up in situation
+	 * where metadata is stored on disk, but not all data.
+	 */
+	g_journal_flush_cache(sc);
+
+	bp = g_alloc_bio();
+	bp->bio_offset = cp->provider->mediasize - cp->provider->sectorsize;
+	bp->bio_length = cp->provider->sectorsize;
+	bp->bio_data = sector;
+	bp->bio_cmd = BIO_WRITE;
+	if (!(sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY)) {
+		bp->bio_done = g_journal_metadata_done;
+		g_io_request(bp, cp);
+	} else {
+		bp->bio_done = NULL;
+		g_io_request(bp, cp);
+		biowait(bp, "gjmdu");
+		g_journal_metadata_done(bp);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Be sure metadata reached the disk.
+	 */
+	g_journal_flush_cache(sc);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is where the I/O request comes from the GEOM.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_start(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	sc = bp->bio_to->geom->softc;
+	GJ_LOGREQ(3, bp, "Request received.");
+
+	switch (bp->bio_cmd) {
+	case BIO_READ:
+	case BIO_WRITE:
+		mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		bioq_insert_tail(&sc->sc_regular_queue, bp);
+		wakeup(sc);
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		return;
+	case BIO_GETATTR:
+		if (strcmp(bp->bio_attribute, "GJOURNAL::provider") == 0) {
+			strlcpy(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_to->name, bp->bio_length);
+			bp->bio_completed = strlen(bp->bio_to->name) + 1;
+			g_io_deliver(bp, 0);
+			return;
+		}
+		/* FALLTHROUGH */
+	case BIO_DELETE:
+	default:
+		g_io_deliver(bp, EOPNOTSUPP);
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_std_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	sc = bp->bio_from->geom->softc;
+	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	bioq_insert_tail(&sc->sc_back_queue, bp);
+	wakeup(sc);
+	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+}
+
+static struct bio *
+g_journal_new_bio(off_t start, off_t end, off_t joffset, u_char *data,
+    int flags)
+{
+	struct bio *bp;
+
+	bp = g_alloc_bio();
+	bp->bio_offset = start;
+	bp->bio_joffset = joffset;
+	bp->bio_length = end - start;
+	bp->bio_cmd = BIO_WRITE;
+	bp->bio_done = g_journal_std_done;
+	if (data == NULL)
+		bp->bio_data = NULL;
+	else {
+		bp->bio_data = gj_malloc(bp->bio_length, flags);
+		if (bp->bio_data != NULL)
+			bcopy(data, bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+	}
+	return (bp);
+}
+
+#define	g_journal_insert_bio(head, bp, flags)				\
+	g_journal_insert((head), (bp)->bio_offset,			\
+		(bp)->bio_offset + (bp)->bio_length, (bp)->bio_joffset,	\
+		(bp)->bio_data, flags)
+/*
+ * The function below does a lot more than just inserting bio to the queue.
+ * It keeps the queue sorted by offset and ensures that there are no doubled
+ * data (it combines bios where ranges overlap).
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of bios inserted (as bio can be splitted).
+ */
+static int
+g_journal_insert(struct bio **head, off_t nstart, off_t nend, off_t joffset,
+    u_char *data, int flags)
+{
+	struct bio *nbp, *cbp, *pbp;
+	off_t cstart, cend;
+	u_char *tmpdata;
+	int n;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): (%jd, %jd, %jd)", *head, nstart, nend,
+	    joffset);
+	n = 0;
+	pbp = NULL;
+	GJQ_FOREACH(*head, cbp) {
+		cstart = cbp->bio_offset;
+		cend = cbp->bio_offset + cbp->bio_length;
+
+		if (nstart >= cend) {
+			/*
+			 *  +-------------+
+			 *  |             |
+			 *  |   current   |  +-------------+
+			 *  |     bio     |  |             |
+			 *  |             |  |     new     |
+			 *  +-------------+  |     bio     |
+			 *                   |             |
+			 *                   +-------------+
+			 */
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 1", *head);
+		} else if (nend <= cstart) {
+			/*
+			 *                   +-------------+
+			 *                   |             |
+			 *  +-------------+  |   current   |
+			 *  |             |  |     bio     |
+			 *  |     new     |  |             |
+			 *  |     bio     |  +-------------+
+			 *  |             |
+			 *  +-------------+
+			 */
+			nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nstart, nend, joffset, data,
+			    flags);
+			if (pbp == NULL)
+				*head = nbp;
+			else
+				pbp->bio_next = nbp;
+			nbp->bio_next = cbp;
+			n++;
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 2 (nbp=%p pbp=%p)", *head, nbp,
+			    pbp);
+			goto end;
+		} else if (nstart <= cstart && nend >= cend) {
+			/*
+			 *      +-------------+      +-------------+
+			 *      | current bio |      | current bio |
+			 *  +---+-------------+---+  +-------------+---+
+			 *  |   |             |   |  |             |   |
+			 *  |   |             |   |  |             |   |
+			 *  |   +-------------+   |  +-------------+   |
+			 *  |       new bio       |  |     new bio     |
+			 *  +---------------------+  +-----------------+
+			 *
+			 *      +-------------+  +-------------+
+			 *      | current bio |  | current bio |
+			 *  +---+-------------+  +-------------+
+			 *  |   |             |  |             |
+			 *  |   |             |  |             |
+			 *  |   +-------------+  +-------------+
+			 *  |     new bio     |  |   new bio   |
+			 *  +-----------------+  +-------------+
+			 */
+			g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped += cbp->bio_length;
+			cbp->bio_offset = nstart;
+			cbp->bio_joffset = joffset;
+			cbp->bio_length = cend - nstart;
+			if (cbp->bio_data != NULL) {
+				gj_free(cbp->bio_data, cend - cstart);
+				cbp->bio_data = NULL;
+			}
+			if (data != NULL) {
+				cbp->bio_data = gj_malloc(cbp->bio_length,
+				    flags);
+				if (cbp->bio_data != NULL) {
+					bcopy(data, cbp->bio_data,
+					    cbp->bio_length);
+				}
+				data += cend - nstart;
+			}
+			joffset += cend - nstart;
+			nstart = cend;
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 3 (cbp=%p)", *head, cbp);
+		} else if (nstart > cstart && nend >= cend) {
+			/*
+			 *  +-----------------+  +-------------+
+			 *  |   current bio   |  | current bio |
+			 *  |   +-------------+  |   +---------+---+
+			 *  |   |             |  |   |         |   |
+			 *  |   |             |  |   |         |   |
+			 *  +---+-------------+  +---+---------+   |
+			 *      |   new bio   |      |   new bio   |
+			 *      +-------------+      +-------------+
+			 */
+			g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped += cend - nstart;
+			nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nstart, cend, joffset, data,
+			    flags);
+			nbp->bio_next = cbp->bio_next;
+			cbp->bio_next = nbp;
+			cbp->bio_length = nstart - cstart;
+			if (cbp->bio_data != NULL) {
+				cbp->bio_data = gj_realloc(cbp->bio_data,
+				    cbp->bio_length, cend - cstart);
+			}
+			if (data != NULL)
+				data += cend - nstart;
+			joffset += cend - nstart;
+			nstart = cend;
+			n++;
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 4 (cbp=%p)", *head, cbp);
+		} else if (nstart > cstart && nend < cend) {
+			/*
+			 *  +---------------------+
+			 *  |     current bio     |
+			 *  |   +-------------+   |
+			 *  |   |             |   |
+			 *  |   |             |   |
+			 *  +---+-------------+---+
+			 *      |   new bio   |
+			 *      +-------------+
+			 */
+			g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped += nend - nstart;
+			nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nstart, nend, joffset, data,
+			    flags);
+			nbp->bio_next = cbp->bio_next;
+			cbp->bio_next = nbp;
+			if (cbp->bio_data == NULL)
+				tmpdata = NULL;
+			else
+				tmpdata = cbp->bio_data + nend - cstart;
+			nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nend, cend,
+			    cbp->bio_joffset + nend - cstart, tmpdata, flags);
+			nbp->bio_next = ((struct bio *)cbp->bio_next)->bio_next;
+			((struct bio *)cbp->bio_next)->bio_next = nbp;
+			cbp->bio_length = nstart - cstart;
+			if (cbp->bio_data != NULL) {
+				cbp->bio_data = gj_realloc(cbp->bio_data,
+				    cbp->bio_length, cend - cstart);
+			}
+			n += 2;
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 5 (cbp=%p)", *head, cbp);
+			goto end;
+		} else if (nstart <= cstart && nend < cend) {
+			/*
+			 *  +-----------------+      +-------------+
+			 *  |   current bio   |      | current bio |
+			 *  +-------------+   |  +---+---------+   |
+			 *  |             |   |  |   |         |   |
+			 *  |             |   |  |   |         |   |
+			 *  +-------------+---+  |   +---------+---+
+			 *  |   new bio   |      |   new bio   |
+			 *  +-------------+      +-------------+
+			 */
+			g_journal_stats_bytes_skipped += nend - nstart;
+			nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nstart, nend, joffset, data,
+			    flags);
+			if (pbp == NULL)
+				*head = nbp;
+			else
+				pbp->bio_next = nbp;
+			nbp->bio_next = cbp;
+			cbp->bio_offset = nend;
+			cbp->bio_length = cend - nend;
+			cbp->bio_joffset += nend - cstart;
+			tmpdata = cbp->bio_data;
+			if (tmpdata != NULL) {
+				cbp->bio_data = gj_malloc(cbp->bio_length,
+				    flags);
+				if (cbp->bio_data != NULL) {
+					bcopy(tmpdata + nend - cstart,
+					    cbp->bio_data, cbp->bio_length);
+				}
+				gj_free(tmpdata, cend - cstart);
+			}
+			n++;
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 6 (cbp=%p)", *head, cbp);
+			goto end;
+		}
+		if (nstart == nend)
+			goto end;
+		pbp = cbp;
+	}
+	nbp = g_journal_new_bio(nstart, nend, joffset, data, flags);
+	if (pbp == NULL)
+		*head = nbp;
+	else
+		pbp->bio_next = nbp;
+	nbp->bio_next = NULL;
+	n++;
+	GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): 8 (nbp=%p pbp=%p)", *head, nbp, pbp);
+end:
+	if (g_journal_debug >= 3) {
+		GJQ_FOREACH(*head, cbp) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "ELEMENT: %p (%jd, %jd, %jd, %p)", cbp,
+			    (intmax_t)cbp->bio_offset,
+			    (intmax_t)cbp->bio_length,
+			    (intmax_t)cbp->bio_joffset, cbp->bio_data);
+		}
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "INSERT(%p): DONE %d", *head, n);
+	}
+	return (n);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The function combines neighbour bios trying to squeeze as much data as
+ * possible into one bio.
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of bios combined (negative value).
+ */
+static int
+g_journal_optimize(struct bio *head)
+{
+	struct bio *cbp, *pbp;
+	int n;
+
+	n = 0;
+	pbp = NULL;
+	GJQ_FOREACH(head, cbp) {
+		/* Skip bios which has to be read first. */
+		if (cbp->bio_data == NULL) {
+			pbp = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* There is no previous bio yet. */
+		if (pbp == NULL) {
+			pbp = cbp;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* Is this a neighbour bio? */
+		if (pbp->bio_offset + pbp->bio_length != cbp->bio_offset) {
+			/* Be sure that bios queue is sorted. */
+			KASSERT(pbp->bio_offset + pbp->bio_length < cbp->bio_offset,
+			    ("poffset=%jd plength=%jd coffset=%jd",
+			    (intmax_t)pbp->bio_offset,
+			    (intmax_t)pbp->bio_length,
+			    (intmax_t)cbp->bio_offset));
+			pbp = cbp;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* Be sure we don't end up with too big bio. */
+		if (pbp->bio_length + cbp->bio_length > MAXPHYS) {
+			pbp = cbp;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* Ok, we can join bios. */
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, pbp, "Join: ");
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, cbp, "and: ");
+		pbp->bio_data = gj_realloc(pbp->bio_data,
+		    pbp->bio_length + cbp->bio_length, pbp->bio_length);
+		bcopy(cbp->bio_data, pbp->bio_data + pbp->bio_length,
+		    cbp->bio_length);
+		gj_free(cbp->bio_data, cbp->bio_length);
+		pbp->bio_length += cbp->bio_length;
+		pbp->bio_next = cbp->bio_next;
+		g_destroy_bio(cbp);
+		cbp = pbp;
+		g_journal_stats_combined_ios++;
+		n--;
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, pbp, "Got: ");
+	}
+	return (n);
+}
+
+/*
+ * TODO: Update comment.
+ * These are functions responsible for copying one portion of data from journal
+ * to the destination provider.
+ * The order goes like this:
+ * 1. Read the header, which contains informations about data blocks
+ *    following it.
+ * 2. Read the data blocks from the journal.
+ * 3. Write the data blocks on the data provider.
+ *
+ * g_journal_copy_start()
+ * g_journal_copy_done() - got finished write request, logs potential errors.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * When there is no data in cache, this function is used to read it.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_read_first(struct g_journal_softc *sc, struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct bio *cbp;
+
+	/*
+	 * We were short in memory, so data was freed.
+	 * In that case we need to read it back from journal.
+	 */
+	cbp = g_alloc_bio();
+	cbp->bio_cflags = bp->bio_cflags;
+	cbp->bio_parent = bp;
+	cbp->bio_offset = bp->bio_joffset;
+	cbp->bio_length = bp->bio_length;
+	cbp->bio_data = gj_malloc(bp->bio_length, M_WAITOK);
+	cbp->bio_cmd = BIO_READ;
+	cbp->bio_done = g_journal_std_done;
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, cbp, "READ FIRST");
+	g_io_request(cbp, sc->sc_jconsumer);
+	g_journal_cache_misses++;
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_copy_send(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct bio *bioq, *bp, *lbp;
+
+	bioq = lbp = NULL;
+	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	for (; sc->sc_copy_in_progress < g_journal_parallel_copies;) {
+		bp = GJQ_FIRST(sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue);
+		if (bp == NULL)
+			break;
+		GJQ_REMOVE(sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue, bp);
+		sc->sc_copy_in_progress++;
+		GJQ_INSERT_AFTER(bioq, bp, lbp);
+		lbp = bp;
+	}
+	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	if (g_journal_do_optimize)
+		sc->sc_copy_in_progress += g_journal_optimize(bioq);
+	while ((bp = GJQ_FIRST(bioq)) != NULL) {
+		GJQ_REMOVE(bioq, bp);
+		GJQ_INSERT_HEAD(sc->sc_copy_queue, bp);
+		bp->bio_cflags = GJ_BIO_COPY;
+		if (bp->bio_data == NULL)
+			g_journal_read_first(sc, bp);
+		else {
+			bp->bio_joffset = 0;
+			GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "SEND");
+			g_io_request(bp, sc->sc_dconsumer);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_copy_start(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+
+	/*
+	 * Remember in metadata that we're starting to copy journaled data
+	 * to the data provider.
+	 * In case of power failure, we will copy these data once again on boot.
+	 */
+	if (!sc->sc_journal_copying) {
+		sc->sc_journal_copying = 1;
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Starting copy of journal.");
+		g_journal_metadata_update(sc);
+	}
+	g_journal_copy_send(sc);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Data block has been read from the journal provider.
+ */
+static int
+g_journal_copy_read_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	struct bio *pbp;
+
+	KASSERT(bp->bio_cflags == GJ_BIO_COPY,
+	    ("Invalid bio (%d != %d).", bp->bio_cflags, GJ_BIO_COPY));
+
+	sc = bp->bio_from->geom->softc;
+	pbp = bp->bio_parent;
+
+	if (bp->bio_error != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Error while reading data from %s (error=%d).",
+		    bp->bio_to->name, bp->bio_error);
+		/*
+		 * We will not be able to deliver WRITE request as well.
+		 */
+		gj_free(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+		g_destroy_bio(pbp);
+		g_destroy_bio(bp);
+		sc->sc_copy_in_progress--;
+		return (1);
+	}
+	pbp->bio_data = bp->bio_data;
+	cp = sc->sc_dconsumer;
+	g_io_request(pbp, cp);
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "READ DONE");
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Data block has been written to the data provider.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_copy_write_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	KASSERT(bp->bio_cflags == GJ_BIO_COPY,
+	    ("Invalid bio (%d != %d).", bp->bio_cflags, GJ_BIO_COPY));
+
+	sc = bp->bio_from->geom->softc;
+	sc->sc_copy_in_progress--;
+
+	if (bp->bio_error != 0) {
+		GJ_LOGREQ(0, bp, "[copy] Error while writting data (error=%d)",
+		    bp->bio_error);
+	}
+	GJQ_REMOVE(sc->sc_copy_queue, bp);
+	gj_free(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "DONE");
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+
+	if (sc->sc_copy_in_progress == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * This was the last write request for this journal.
+		 */
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Data has been copied.");
+		sc->sc_journal_copying = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static void g_journal_flush_done(struct bio *bp);
+
+/*
+ * Flush one record onto active journal provider.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_flush(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_journal_record_header hdr;
+	struct g_journal_entry *ent;
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+	struct bio **bioq;
+	struct bio *bp, *fbp, *pbp;
+	off_t joffset, size;
+	u_char *data, hash[16];
+	MD5_CTX ctx;
+	u_int i;
+
+	if (sc->sc_current_count == 0)
+		return;
+
+	size = 0;
+	pp = sc->sc_jprovider;
+	GJ_VALIDATE_OFFSET(sc->sc_journal_offset, sc);
+	joffset = sc->sc_journal_offset;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(2, "Storing %d journal entries on %s at %jd.",
+	    sc->sc_current_count, pp->name, (intmax_t)joffset);
+
+	/*
+	 * Store 'journal id', so we know to which journal this record belongs.
+	 */
+	hdr.jrh_journal_id = sc->sc_journal_id;
+	/* Could be less than g_journal_record_entries if called due timeout. */
+	hdr.jrh_nentries = MIN(sc->sc_current_count, g_journal_record_entries);
+	strlcpy(hdr.jrh_magic, GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC, sizeof(hdr.jrh_magic));
+
+	bioq = &sc->sc_active.jj_queue;
+	pbp = sc->sc_flush_queue;
+
+	fbp = g_alloc_bio();
+	fbp->bio_parent = NULL;
+	fbp->bio_cflags = GJ_BIO_JOURNAL;
+	fbp->bio_offset = -1;
+	fbp->bio_joffset = joffset;
+	fbp->bio_length = pp->sectorsize;
+	fbp->bio_cmd = BIO_WRITE;
+	fbp->bio_done = g_journal_std_done;
+	GJQ_INSERT_AFTER(sc->sc_flush_queue, fbp, pbp);
+	pbp = fbp;
+	fbp->bio_to = pp;
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, fbp, "FLUSH_OUT");
+	joffset += pp->sectorsize;
+	sc->sc_flush_count++;
+	if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM)
+		MD5Init(&ctx);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < hdr.jrh_nentries; i++) {
+		bp = sc->sc_current_queue;
+		KASSERT(bp != NULL, ("NULL bp"));
+		bp->bio_to = pp;
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "FLUSHED");
+		sc->sc_current_queue = bp->bio_next;
+		bp->bio_next = NULL;
+		sc->sc_current_count--;
+
+		/* Add to the header. */
+		ent = &hdr.jrh_entries[i];
+		ent->je_offset = bp->bio_offset;
+		ent->je_joffset = joffset;
+		ent->je_length = bp->bio_length;
+		size += ent->je_length;
+
+		data = bp->bio_data;
+		if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM)
+			MD5Update(&ctx, data, ent->je_length);
+		bzero(bp, sizeof(*bp));
+		bp->bio_cflags = GJ_BIO_JOURNAL;
+		bp->bio_offset = ent->je_offset;
+		bp->bio_joffset = ent->je_joffset;
+		bp->bio_length = ent->je_length;
+		bp->bio_data = data;
+		bp->bio_cmd = BIO_WRITE;
+		bp->bio_done = g_journal_std_done;
+		GJQ_INSERT_AFTER(sc->sc_flush_queue, bp, pbp);
+		pbp = bp;
+		bp->bio_to = pp;
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "FLUSH_OUT");
+		joffset += bp->bio_length;
+		sc->sc_flush_count++;
+
+		/*
+		 * Add request to the active sc_journal_queue queue.
+		 * This is our cache. After journal switch we don't have to
+		 * read the data from the inactive journal, because we keep
+		 * it in memory.
+		 */
+		g_journal_insert(bioq, ent->je_offset,
+		    ent->je_offset + ent->je_length, ent->je_joffset, data,
+		    M_NOWAIT);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * After all requests, store valid header.
+	 */
+	data = gj_malloc(pp->sectorsize, M_WAITOK);
+	if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM) {
+		MD5Final(hash, &ctx);
+		bcopy(hash, hdr.jrh_sum, sizeof(hdr.jrh_sum));
+	}
+	g_journal_record_header_encode(&hdr, data);
+	fbp->bio_data = data;
+
+	sc->sc_journal_offset = joffset;
+
+	g_journal_check_overflow(sc);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush request finished.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_flush_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+
+	KASSERT((bp->bio_cflags & GJ_BIO_MASK) == GJ_BIO_JOURNAL,
+	    ("Invalid bio (%d != %d).", bp->bio_cflags, GJ_BIO_JOURNAL));
+
+	cp = bp->bio_from;
+	sc = cp->geom->softc;
+	sc->sc_flush_in_progress--;
+
+	if (bp->bio_error != 0) {
+		GJ_LOGREQ(0, bp, "[flush] Error while writting data (error=%d)",
+		    bp->bio_error);
+	}
+	gj_free(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "DONE");
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+}
+
+static void g_journal_release_delayed(struct g_journal_softc *sc);
+
+static void
+g_journal_flush_send(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	struct bio *bioq, *bp, *lbp;
+
+	cp = sc->sc_jconsumer;
+	bioq = lbp = NULL;
+	while (sc->sc_flush_in_progress < g_journal_parallel_flushes) {
+		/* Send one flush requests to the active journal. */
+		bp = GJQ_FIRST(sc->sc_flush_queue);
+		if (bp != NULL) {
+			GJQ_REMOVE(sc->sc_flush_queue, bp);
+			sc->sc_flush_count--;
+			bp->bio_offset = bp->bio_joffset;
+			bp->bio_joffset = 0;
+			sc->sc_flush_in_progress++;
+			GJQ_INSERT_AFTER(bioq, bp, lbp);
+			lbp = bp;
+		}
+		/* Try to release delayed requests. */
+		g_journal_release_delayed(sc);
+		/* If there are no requests to flush, leave. */
+		if (GJQ_FIRST(sc->sc_flush_queue) == NULL)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (g_journal_do_optimize)
+		sc->sc_flush_in_progress += g_journal_optimize(bioq);
+	while ((bp = GJQ_FIRST(bioq)) != NULL) {
+		GJQ_REMOVE(bioq, bp);
+		GJ_LOGREQ(3, bp, "Flush request send");
+		g_io_request(bp, cp);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_add_current(struct g_journal_softc *sc, struct bio *bp)
+{
+	int n;
+
+	GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "CURRENT %d", sc->sc_current_count);
+	n = g_journal_insert_bio(&sc->sc_current_queue, bp, M_WAITOK);
+	sc->sc_current_count += n;
+	n = g_journal_optimize(sc->sc_current_queue);
+	sc->sc_current_count += n;
+	/*
+	 * For requests which are added to the current queue we deliver
+	 * response immediately.
+	 */
+	bp->bio_completed = bp->bio_length;
+	g_io_deliver(bp, 0);
+	if (sc->sc_current_count >= g_journal_record_entries) {
+		/*
+		 * Let's flush one record onto active journal provider.
+		 */
+		g_journal_flush(sc);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_release_delayed(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct bio *bp;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* The flush queue is full, exit. */
+		if (sc->sc_flush_count >= g_journal_accept_immediately)
+			return;
+		bp = bioq_takefirst(&sc->sc_delayed_queue);
+		if (bp == NULL)
+			return;
+		sc->sc_delayed_count--;
+		g_journal_add_current(sc, bp);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add I/O request to the current queue. If we have enough requests for one
+ * journal record we flush them onto active journal provider.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_add_request(struct g_journal_softc *sc, struct bio *bp)
+{
+
+	/*
+	 * The flush queue is full, we need to delay the request.
+	 */
+	if (sc->sc_delayed_count > 0 ||
+	    sc->sc_flush_count >= g_journal_accept_immediately) {
+		GJ_LOGREQ(4, bp, "DELAYED");
+		bioq_insert_tail(&sc->sc_delayed_queue, bp);
+		sc->sc_delayed_count++;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	KASSERT(TAILQ_EMPTY(&sc->sc_delayed_queue.queue),
+	    ("DELAYED queue not empty."));
+	g_journal_add_current(sc, bp);
+}
+
+static void g_journal_read_done(struct bio *bp);
+
+/*
+ * Try to find requested data in cache.
+ */
+static struct bio *
+g_journal_read_find(struct bio *head, int sorted, struct bio *pbp, off_t ostart,
+    off_t oend)
+{
+	off_t cstart, cend;
+	struct bio *bp;
+
+	GJQ_FOREACH(head, bp) {
+		if (bp->bio_offset == -1)
+			continue;
+		cstart = MAX(ostart, bp->bio_offset);
+		cend = MIN(oend, bp->bio_offset + bp->bio_length);
+		if (cend <= ostart)
+			continue;
+		else if (cstart >= oend) {
+			if (!sorted)
+				continue;
+			else {
+				bp = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (bp->bio_data == NULL)
+			break;
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "READ(%p): (%jd, %jd) (bp=%p)", head, cstart, cend,
+		    bp);
+		bcopy(bp->bio_data + cstart - bp->bio_offset,
+		    pbp->bio_data + cstart - pbp->bio_offset, cend - cstart);
+		pbp->bio_completed += cend - cstart;
+		if (pbp->bio_completed == pbp->bio_length) {
+			/*
+			 * Cool, the whole request was in cache, deliver happy
+			 * message.
+			 */
+			g_io_deliver(pbp, 0);
+			return (pbp);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	return (bp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to find requested data in cache.
+ */
+static struct bio *
+g_journal_read_queue_find(struct bio_queue *head, struct bio *pbp, off_t ostart,
+    off_t oend)
+{
+	off_t cstart, cend;
+	struct bio *bp;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(bp, head, bio_queue) {
+		cstart = MAX(ostart, bp->bio_offset);
+		cend = MIN(oend, bp->bio_offset + bp->bio_length);
+		if (cend <= ostart)
+			continue;
+		else if (cstart >= oend)
+			continue;
+		KASSERT(bp->bio_data != NULL,
+		    ("%s: bio_data == NULL", __func__));
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "READ(%p): (%jd, %jd) (bp=%p)", head, cstart, cend,
+		    bp);
+		bcopy(bp->bio_data + cstart - bp->bio_offset,
+		    pbp->bio_data + cstart - pbp->bio_offset, cend - cstart);
+		pbp->bio_completed += cend - cstart;
+		if (pbp->bio_completed == pbp->bio_length) {
+			/*
+			 * Cool, the whole request was in cache, deliver happy
+			 * message.
+			 */
+			g_io_deliver(pbp, 0);
+			return (pbp);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	return (bp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is used for colecting data on read.
+ * The complexity is because parts of the data can be stored in four different
+ * places:
+ * - in delayed requests
+ * - in memory - the data not yet send to the active journal provider
+ * - in requests which are going to be sent to the active journal
+ * - in the active journal
+ * - in the inactive journal
+ * - in the data provider
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_read(struct g_journal_softc *sc, struct bio *pbp, off_t ostart,
+    off_t oend)
+{
+	struct bio *bp, *nbp, *head;
+	off_t cstart, cend;
+	u_int i, sorted = 0;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(3, "READ: (%jd, %jd)", ostart, oend);
+
+	cstart = cend = -1;
+	bp = NULL;
+	head = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
+		switch (i) {
+		case 0:	/* Delayed requests. */
+			head = NULL;
+			sorted = 0;
+			break;
+		case 1:	/* Not-yet-send data. */
+			head = sc->sc_current_queue;
+			sorted = 1;
+			break;
+		case 2:	/* In-flight to the active journal. */
+			head = sc->sc_flush_queue;
+			sorted = 0;
+			break;
+		case 3:	/* Active journal. */
+			head = sc->sc_active.jj_queue;
+			sorted = 1;
+			break;
+		case 4:	/* Inactive journal. */
+			/*
+			 * XXX: Here could be a race with g_journal_lowmem().
+			 */
+			head = sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue;
+			sorted = 1;
+			break;
+		case 5:	/* In-flight to the data provider. */
+			head = sc->sc_copy_queue;
+			sorted = 0;
+			break;
+		default:
+			panic("gjournal %s: i=%d", __func__, i);
+		}
+		if (i == 0)
+			bp = g_journal_read_queue_find(&sc->sc_delayed_queue.queue, pbp, ostart, oend);
+		else
+			bp = g_journal_read_find(head, sorted, pbp, ostart, oend);
+		if (bp == pbp) { /* Got the whole request. */
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "Got the whole request from %u.", i);
+			return;
+		} else if (bp != NULL) {
+			cstart = MAX(ostart, bp->bio_offset);
+			cend = MIN(oend, bp->bio_offset + bp->bio_length);
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "Got part of the request from %u (%jd-%jd).",
+			    i, (intmax_t)cstart, (intmax_t)cend);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (bp != NULL) {
+		if (bp->bio_data == NULL) {
+			nbp = g_duplicate_bio(pbp);
+			nbp->bio_cflags = GJ_BIO_READ;
+			nbp->bio_data =
+			    pbp->bio_data + cstart - pbp->bio_offset;
+			nbp->bio_offset =
+			    bp->bio_joffset + cstart - bp->bio_offset;
+			nbp->bio_length = cend - cstart;
+			nbp->bio_done = g_journal_read_done;
+			g_io_request(nbp, sc->sc_jconsumer);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If we don't have the whole request yet, call g_journal_read()
+		 * recursively.
+		 */
+		if (ostart < cstart)
+			g_journal_read(sc, pbp, ostart, cstart);
+		if (oend > cend)
+			g_journal_read(sc, pbp, cend, oend);
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * No data in memory, no data in journal.
+		 * Its time for asking data provider.
+		 */
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "READ(data): (%jd, %jd)", ostart, oend);
+		nbp = g_duplicate_bio(pbp);
+		nbp->bio_cflags = GJ_BIO_READ;
+		nbp->bio_data = pbp->bio_data + ostart - pbp->bio_offset;
+		nbp->bio_offset = ostart;
+		nbp->bio_length = oend - ostart;
+		nbp->bio_done = g_journal_read_done;
+		g_io_request(nbp, sc->sc_dconsumer);
+		/* We have the whole request, return here. */
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function responsible for handling finished READ requests.
+ * Actually, g_std_done() could be used here, the only difference is that we
+ * log error.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_read_done(struct bio *bp)
+{
+	struct bio *pbp;
+
+	KASSERT(bp->bio_cflags == GJ_BIO_READ,
+	    ("Invalid bio (%d != %d).", bp->bio_cflags, GJ_BIO_READ));
+
+	pbp = bp->bio_parent;
+	pbp->bio_inbed++;
+	pbp->bio_completed += bp->bio_length;
+
+	if (bp->bio_error != 0) {
+		if (pbp->bio_error == 0)
+			pbp->bio_error = bp->bio_error;
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Error while reading data from %s (error=%d).",
+		    bp->bio_to->name, bp->bio_error);
+	}
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+	if (pbp->bio_children == pbp->bio_inbed &&
+	    pbp->bio_completed == pbp->bio_length) {
+		/* We're done. */
+		g_io_deliver(pbp, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Deactive current journal and active next one.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_switch(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+
+	if (JEMPTY(sc)) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "No need for %s switch.", sc->sc_name);
+		pp = LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->provider);
+		if (!(sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN) && pp->acw == 0) {
+			sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN;
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "Marking %s as clean.", sc->sc_name);
+			g_journal_metadata_update(sc);
+		}
+	} else {
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "Switching journal %s.", sc->sc_geom->name);
+
+		pp = sc->sc_jprovider;
+
+		sc->sc_journal_previous_id = sc->sc_journal_id;
+
+		sc->sc_journal_id = sc->sc_journal_next_id;
+		sc->sc_journal_next_id = arc4random();
+
+		GJ_VALIDATE_OFFSET(sc->sc_journal_offset, sc);
+
+		g_journal_write_header(sc);
+
+		sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset = sc->sc_active.jj_offset;
+		sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue = sc->sc_active.jj_queue;
+
+		sc->sc_active.jj_offset =
+		    sc->sc_journal_offset - pp->sectorsize;
+		sc->sc_active.jj_queue = NULL;
+
+		/*
+		 * Switch is done, start copying data from the (now) inactive
+		 * journal to the data provider.
+		 */
+		g_journal_copy_start(sc);
+	}
+	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	sc->sc_flags &= ~GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH;
+	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_initialize(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+
+	sc->sc_journal_id = arc4random();
+	sc->sc_journal_next_id = arc4random();
+	sc->sc_journal_previous_id = sc->sc_journal_id;
+	sc->sc_journal_offset = sc->sc_jstart;
+	sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset = sc->sc_jstart;
+	g_journal_write_header(sc);
+	sc->sc_active.jj_offset = sc->sc_jstart;
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_mark_as_dirty(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	const struct g_journal_desc *desc;
+	int i;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(1, "Marking file system %s as dirty.", sc->sc_name);
+	for (i = 0; (desc = g_journal_filesystems[i]) != NULL; i++)
+		desc->jd_dirty(sc->sc_dconsumer);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function read record header from the given journal.
+ * It is very simlar to g_read_data(9), but it doesn't allocate memory for bio
+ * and data on every call.
+ */
+static int
+g_journal_sync_read(struct g_consumer *cp, struct bio *bp, off_t offset,
+    void *data)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	bzero(bp, sizeof(*bp));
+	bp->bio_cmd = BIO_READ;
+	bp->bio_done = NULL;
+	bp->bio_offset = offset;
+	bp->bio_length = cp->provider->sectorsize;
+	bp->bio_data = data;
+	g_io_request(bp, cp);
+	error = biowait(bp, "gjs_read");
+	return (error);
+}
+
+#if 0
+/*
+ * Function is called when we start the journal device and we detect that
+ * one of the journals was not fully copied.
+ * The purpose of this function is to read all records headers from journal
+ * and placed them in the inactive queue, so we can start journal
+ * synchronization process and the journal provider itself.
+ * Design decision was taken to not synchronize the whole journal here as it
+ * can take too much time. Reading headers only and delaying synchronization
+ * process until after journal provider is started should be the best choice.
+ */
+#endif
+
+static void
+g_journal_sync(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_journal_record_header rhdr;
+	struct g_journal_entry *ent;
+	struct g_journal_header jhdr;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	struct bio *bp, *fbp, *tbp;
+	off_t joffset, offset;
+	u_char *buf, sum[16];
+	uint64_t id;
+	MD5_CTX ctx;
+	int error, found, i;
+
+	found = 0;
+	fbp = NULL;
+	cp = sc->sc_jconsumer;
+	bp = g_alloc_bio();
+	buf = gj_malloc(cp->provider->sectorsize, M_WAITOK);
+	offset = joffset = sc->sc_inactive.jj_offset = sc->sc_journal_offset;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(2, "Looking for termination at %jd.", (intmax_t)joffset);
+
+	/*
+	 * Read and decode first journal header.
+	 */
+	error = g_journal_sync_read(cp, bp, offset, buf);
+	if (error != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Error while reading journal header from %s.",
+		    cp->provider->name);
+		goto end;
+	}
+	error = g_journal_header_decode(buf, &jhdr);
+	if (error != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot decode journal header from %s.",
+		    cp->provider->name);
+		goto end;
+	}
+	id = sc->sc_journal_id;
+	if (jhdr.jh_journal_id != sc->sc_journal_id) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Journal ID mismatch at %jd (0x%08x != 0x%08x).",
+		    (intmax_t)offset, (u_int)jhdr.jh_journal_id, (u_int)id);
+		goto end;
+	}
+	offset += cp->provider->sectorsize;
+	id = sc->sc_journal_next_id = jhdr.jh_journal_next_id;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/*
+		 * If the biggest record won't fit, look for a record header or
+		 * journal header from the begining.
+		 */
+		GJ_VALIDATE_OFFSET(offset, sc);
+		error = g_journal_sync_read(cp, bp, offset, buf);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Not good. Having an error while reading header
+			 * means, that we cannot read next headers and in
+			 * consequence we cannot find termination.
+			 */
+			GJ_DEBUG(0,
+			    "Error while reading record header from %s.",
+			    cp->provider->name);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		error = g_journal_record_header_decode(buf, &rhdr);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "Not a record header at %jd (error=%d).",
+			    (intmax_t)offset, error);
+			/*
+			 * This is not a record header.
+			 * If we are lucky, this is next journal header.
+			 */
+			error = g_journal_header_decode(buf, &jhdr);
+			if (error != 0) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(1, "Not a journal header at %jd (error=%d).",
+				    (intmax_t)offset, error);
+				/*
+				 * Nope, this is not journal header, which
+				 * bascially means that journal is not
+				 * terminated properly.
+				 */
+				error = ENOENT;
+				break;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * Ok. This is header of _some_ journal. Now we need to
+			 * verify if this is header of the _next_ journal.
+			 */
+			if (jhdr.jh_journal_id != id) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(1, "Journal ID mismatch at %jd "
+				    "(0x%08x != 0x%08x).", (intmax_t)offset,
+				    (u_int)jhdr.jh_journal_id, (u_int)id);
+				error = ENOENT;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			/* Found termination. */
+			found++;
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "Found termination at %jd (id=0x%08x).",
+			    (intmax_t)offset, (u_int)id);
+			sc->sc_active.jj_offset = offset;
+			sc->sc_journal_offset =
+			    offset + cp->provider->sectorsize;
+			sc->sc_journal_id = id;
+			id = sc->sc_journal_next_id = jhdr.jh_journal_next_id;
+
+			while ((tbp = fbp) != NULL) {
+				fbp = tbp->bio_next;
+				GJ_LOGREQ(3, tbp, "Adding request.");
+				g_journal_insert_bio(&sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue,
+				    tbp, M_WAITOK);
+			}
+
+			/* Skip journal's header. */
+			offset += cp->provider->sectorsize;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Skip record's header. */
+		offset += cp->provider->sectorsize;
+
+		/*
+		 * Add information about every record entry to the inactive
+		 * queue.
+		 */
+		if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM)
+			MD5Init(&ctx);
+		for (i = 0; i < rhdr.jrh_nentries; i++) {
+			ent = &rhdr.jrh_entries[i];
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "Insert entry: %jd %jd.",
+			    (intmax_t)ent->je_offset, (intmax_t)ent->je_length);
+			g_journal_insert(&fbp, ent->je_offset,
+			    ent->je_offset + ent->je_length, ent->je_joffset,
+			    NULL, M_WAITOK);
+			if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM) {
+				u_char *buf2;
+
+				/*
+				 * TODO: Should use faster function (like
+				 *       g_journal_sync_read()).
+				 */
+				buf2 = g_read_data(cp, offset, ent->je_length,
+				    NULL);
+				if (buf2 == NULL)
+					GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot read data at %jd.",
+					    (intmax_t)offset);
+				else {
+					MD5Update(&ctx, buf2, ent->je_length);
+					g_free(buf2);
+				}
+			}
+			/* Skip entry's data. */
+			offset += ent->je_length;
+		}
+		if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM) {
+			MD5Final(sum, &ctx);
+			if (bcmp(sum, rhdr.jrh_sum, sizeof(rhdr.jrh_sum)) != 0) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(0, "MD5 hash mismatch at %jd!",
+				    (intmax_t)offset);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+end:
+	gj_free(bp->bio_data, cp->provider->sectorsize);
+	g_destroy_bio(bp);
+
+	/* Remove bios from unterminated journal. */
+	while ((tbp = fbp) != NULL) {
+		fbp = tbp->bio_next;
+		g_destroy_bio(tbp);
+	}
+
+	if (found < 1 && joffset > 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal on %s is broken/corrupted. Initializing.",
+		    sc->sc_name);
+		while ((tbp = sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue) != NULL) {
+			sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue = tbp->bio_next;
+			g_destroy_bio(tbp);
+		}
+		g_journal_initialize(sc);
+		g_journal_mark_as_dirty(sc);
+	} else {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal %s consistent.", sc->sc_name);
+		g_journal_copy_start(sc);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for requests.
+ * If we have requests in the current queue, flush them after 3 seconds from the
+ * last flush. In this way we don't wait forever (or for journal switch) with
+ * storing not full records on journal.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_wait(struct g_journal_softc *sc, time_t last_write)
+{
+	int error, timeout;
+
+	GJ_DEBUG(3, "%s: enter", __func__);
+	if (sc->sc_current_count == 0) {
+		if (g_journal_debug < 2)
+			msleep(sc, &sc->sc_mtx, PRIBIO | PDROP, "gj:work", 0);
+		else {
+			/*
+			 * If we have debug turned on, show number of elements
+			 * in various queues.
+			 */
+			for (;;) {
+				error = msleep(sc, &sc->sc_mtx, PRIBIO,
+				    "gj:work", hz * 3);
+				if (error == 0) {
+					mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+					break;
+				}
+				GJ_DEBUG(3, "Report: current count=%d",
+				    sc->sc_current_count);
+				GJ_DEBUG(3, "Report: flush count=%d",
+				    sc->sc_flush_count);
+				GJ_DEBUG(3, "Report: flush in progress=%d",
+				    sc->sc_flush_in_progress);
+				GJ_DEBUG(3, "Report: copy in progress=%d",
+				    sc->sc_copy_in_progress);
+				GJ_DEBUG(3, "Report: delayed=%d",
+				    sc->sc_delayed_count);
+			}
+		}
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "%s: exit 1", __func__);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush even not full records every 3 seconds.
+	 */
+	timeout = (last_write + 3 - time_second) * hz;
+	if (timeout <= 0) {
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		g_journal_flush(sc);
+		g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+		GJ_DEBUG(3, "%s: exit 2", __func__);
+		return;
+	}
+	error = msleep(sc, &sc->sc_mtx, PRIBIO | PDROP, "gj:work", timeout);
+	if (error == EWOULDBLOCK)
+		g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+	GJ_DEBUG(3, "%s: exit 3", __func__);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Worker thread.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_worker(void *arg)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+	struct bio *bp;
+	time_t last_write;
+	int type;
+
+	thread_lock(curthread);
+	sched_prio(curthread, PRIBIO);
+	thread_unlock(curthread);
+
+	sc = arg;
+	type = 0;	/* gcc */
+
+	if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal %s clean.", sc->sc_name);
+		g_journal_initialize(sc);
+	} else {
+		g_journal_sync(sc);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Check if we can use BIO_FLUSH.
+	 */
+	sc->sc_bio_flush = 0;
+	if (g_io_flush(sc->sc_jconsumer) == 0) {
+		sc->sc_bio_flush |= GJ_FLUSH_JOURNAL;
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "BIO_FLUSH supported by %s.",
+		    sc->sc_jconsumer->provider->name);
+	} else {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "BIO_FLUSH not supported by %s.",
+		    sc->sc_jconsumer->provider->name);
+	}
+	if (sc->sc_jconsumer != sc->sc_dconsumer) {
+		if (g_io_flush(sc->sc_dconsumer) == 0) {
+			sc->sc_bio_flush |= GJ_FLUSH_DATA;
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "BIO_FLUSH supported by %s.",
+			    sc->sc_dconsumer->provider->name);
+		} else {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "BIO_FLUSH not supported by %s.",
+			    sc->sc_dconsumer->provider->name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	gp = sc->sc_geom;
+	g_topology_lock();
+	pp = g_new_providerf(gp, "%s.journal", sc->sc_name);
+	KASSERT(pp != NULL, ("Cannot create %s.journal.", sc->sc_name));
+	pp->mediasize = sc->sc_mediasize;
+	/*
+	 * There could be a problem when data provider and journal providers
+	 * have different sectorsize, but such scenario is prevented on journal
+	 * creation.
+	 */
+	pp->sectorsize = sc->sc_sectorsize;
+	g_error_provider(pp, 0);
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	last_write = time_second;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Get first request from the queue. */
+		mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		bp = bioq_first(&sc->sc_back_queue);
+		if (bp != NULL)
+			type = (bp->bio_cflags & GJ_BIO_MASK);
+		if (bp == NULL) {
+			bp = bioq_first(&sc->sc_regular_queue);
+			if (bp != NULL)
+				type = GJ_BIO_REGULAR;
+		}
+		if (bp == NULL) {
+try_switch:
+			if ((sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH) ||
+			    (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY)) {
+				if (sc->sc_current_count > 0) {
+					mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+					g_journal_flush(sc);
+					g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (sc->sc_flush_in_progress > 0)
+					goto sleep;
+				if (sc->sc_copy_in_progress > 0)
+					goto sleep;
+			}
+			if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH) {
+				mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+				g_journal_switch(sc);
+				wakeup(&sc->sc_journal_copying);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(1, "Shutting down worker "
+				    "thread for %s.", gp->name);
+				sc->sc_worker = NULL;
+				wakeup(&sc->sc_worker);
+				mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+				kthread_exit(0);
+			}
+sleep:
+			g_journal_wait(sc, last_write);
+			continue;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If we're in switch process, we need to delay all new
+		 * write requests until its done.
+		 */
+		if ((sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH) &&
+		    type == GJ_BIO_REGULAR && bp->bio_cmd == BIO_WRITE) {
+			GJ_LOGREQ(2, bp, "WRITE on SWITCH");
+			goto try_switch;
+		}
+		if (type == GJ_BIO_REGULAR)
+			bioq_remove(&sc->sc_regular_queue, bp);
+		else
+			bioq_remove(&sc->sc_back_queue, bp);
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		switch (type) {
+		case GJ_BIO_REGULAR:
+			/* Regular request. */
+			switch (bp->bio_cmd) {
+			case BIO_READ:
+				g_journal_read(sc, bp, bp->bio_offset,
+				    bp->bio_offset + bp->bio_length);
+				break;
+			case BIO_WRITE:
+				last_write = time_second;
+				g_journal_add_request(sc, bp);
+				g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+				break;
+			default:
+				panic("Invalid bio_cmd (%d).", bp->bio_cmd);
+			}
+			break;
+		case GJ_BIO_COPY:
+			switch (bp->bio_cmd) {
+			case BIO_READ:
+				if (g_journal_copy_read_done(bp))
+					g_journal_copy_send(sc);
+				break;
+			case BIO_WRITE:
+				g_journal_copy_write_done(bp);
+				g_journal_copy_send(sc);
+				break;
+			default:
+				panic("Invalid bio_cmd (%d).", bp->bio_cmd);
+			}
+			break;
+		case GJ_BIO_JOURNAL:
+			g_journal_flush_done(bp);
+			g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+			break;
+		case GJ_BIO_READ:
+		default:
+			panic("Invalid bio (%d).", type);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_destroy_event(void *arg, int flags __unused)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	sc = arg;
+	g_journal_destroy(sc);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_timeout(void *arg)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	sc = arg;
+	GJ_DEBUG(0, "Timeout. Journal %s cannot be completed.",
+	    sc->sc_geom->name);
+	g_post_event(g_journal_destroy_event, sc, M_NOWAIT, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct g_geom *
+g_journal_create(struct g_class *mp, struct g_provider *pp,
+    const struct g_journal_metadata *md)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	int error;
+
+	sc = NULL;	/* gcc */
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	/*
+	 * There are two possibilities:
+	 * 1. Data and both journals are on the same provider.
+	 * 2. Data and journals are all on separated providers.
+	 */
+	/* Look for journal device with the same ID. */
+	LIST_FOREACH(gp, &mp->geom, geom) {
+		sc = gp->softc;
+		if (sc == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (sc->sc_id == md->md_id)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (gp == NULL)
+		sc = NULL;
+	else if (sc != NULL && (sc->sc_type & md->md_type) != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Journal device %u already configured.", sc->sc_id);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+	if (md->md_type == 0 || (md->md_type & ~GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Invalid type on %s.", pp->name);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+	if (md->md_type & GJ_TYPE_DATA) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal %u: %s contains data.", md->md_id,
+		    pp->name);
+	}
+	if (md->md_type & GJ_TYPE_JOURNAL) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Journal %u: %s contains journal.", md->md_id,
+		    pp->name);
+	}
+
+	if (sc == NULL) {
+		/* Action geom. */
+		sc = malloc(sizeof(*sc), M_JOURNAL, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+		sc->sc_id = md->md_id;
+		sc->sc_type = 0;
+		sc->sc_flags = 0;
+		sc->sc_worker = NULL;
+
+		gp = g_new_geomf(mp, "gjournal %u", sc->sc_id);
+		gp->start = g_journal_start;
+		gp->orphan = g_journal_orphan;
+		gp->access = g_journal_access;
+		gp->softc = sc;
+		sc->sc_geom = gp;
+
+		mtx_init(&sc->sc_mtx, "gjournal", NULL, MTX_DEF);
+
+		bioq_init(&sc->sc_back_queue);
+		bioq_init(&sc->sc_regular_queue);
+		bioq_init(&sc->sc_delayed_queue);
+		sc->sc_delayed_count = 0;
+		sc->sc_current_queue = NULL;
+		sc->sc_current_count = 0;
+		sc->sc_flush_queue = NULL;
+		sc->sc_flush_count = 0;
+		sc->sc_flush_in_progress = 0;
+		sc->sc_copy_queue = NULL;
+		sc->sc_copy_in_progress = 0;
+		sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue = NULL;
+		sc->sc_active.jj_queue = NULL;
+
+		callout_init(&sc->sc_callout, CALLOUT_MPSAFE);
+		if (md->md_type != GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) {
+			/*
+			 * Journal and data are on separate providers.
+			 * At this point we have only one of them.
+			 * We setup a timeout in case the other part will not
+			 * appear, so we won't wait forever.
+			 */
+			callout_reset(&sc->sc_callout, 5 * hz,
+			    g_journal_timeout, sc);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Remember type of the data provider. */
+	if (md->md_type & GJ_TYPE_DATA)
+		sc->sc_orig_type = md->md_type;
+	sc->sc_type |= md->md_type;
+	cp = NULL;
+
+	if (md->md_type & GJ_TYPE_DATA) {
+		if (md->md_flags & GJ_FLAG_CLEAN)
+			sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN;
+		if (md->md_flags & GJ_FLAG_CHECKSUM)
+			sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM;
+		cp = g_new_consumer(gp);
+		error = g_attach(cp, pp);
+		KASSERT(error == 0, ("Cannot attach to %s (error=%d).",
+		    pp->name, error));
+		error = g_access(cp, 1, 1, 1);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot access %s (error=%d).", pp->name,
+			    error);
+			g_journal_destroy(sc);
+			return (NULL);
+		}
+		sc->sc_dconsumer = cp;
+		sc->sc_mediasize = pp->mediasize - pp->sectorsize;
+		sc->sc_sectorsize = pp->sectorsize;
+		sc->sc_jstart = md->md_jstart;
+		sc->sc_jend = md->md_jend;
+		if (md->md_provider[0] != '\0')
+			sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_HARDCODED;
+		sc->sc_journal_offset = md->md_joffset;
+		sc->sc_journal_id = md->md_jid;
+		sc->sc_journal_previous_id = md->md_jid;
+	}
+	if (md->md_type & GJ_TYPE_JOURNAL) {
+		if (cp == NULL) {
+			cp = g_new_consumer(gp);
+			error = g_attach(cp, pp);
+			KASSERT(error == 0, ("Cannot attach to %s (error=%d).",
+			    pp->name, error));
+			error = g_access(cp, 1, 1, 1);
+			if (error != 0) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot access %s (error=%d).",
+				    pp->name, error);
+				g_journal_destroy(sc);
+				return (NULL);
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * Journal is on the same provider as data, which means
+			 * that data provider ends where journal starts.
+			 */
+			sc->sc_mediasize = md->md_jstart;
+		}
+		sc->sc_jconsumer = cp;
+	}
+
+	if ((sc->sc_type & GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) != GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) {
+		/* Journal is not complete yet. */
+		return (gp);
+	} else {
+		/* Journal complete, cancel timeout. */
+		callout_drain(&sc->sc_callout);
+	}
+
+	error = kthread_create(g_journal_worker, sc, &sc->sc_worker, 0, 0,
+	    "g_journal %s", sc->sc_name);
+	if (error != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot create worker thread for %s.journal.",
+		    sc->sc_name);
+		g_journal_destroy(sc);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+
+	return (gp);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_destroy_consumer(void *arg, int flags __unused)
+{
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	cp = arg;
+	g_detach(cp);
+	g_destroy_consumer(cp);
+}
+
+static int
+g_journal_destroy(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+
+	if (sc == NULL)
+		return (ENXIO);
+
+	gp = sc->sc_geom;
+	pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->provider);
+	if (pp != NULL) {
+		if (pp->acr != 0 || pp->acw != 0 || pp->ace != 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "Device %s is still open (r%dw%de%d).",
+			    pp->name, pp->acr, pp->acw, pp->ace);
+			return (EBUSY);
+		}
+		g_error_provider(pp, ENXIO);
+
+		g_journal_flush(sc);
+		g_journal_flush_send(sc);
+		g_journal_switch(sc);
+	}
+
+	sc->sc_flags |= (GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY | GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN);
+
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	callout_drain(&sc->sc_callout);
+	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	wakeup(sc);
+	while (sc->sc_worker != NULL)
+		msleep(&sc->sc_worker, &sc->sc_mtx, PRIBIO, "gj:destroy", 0);
+	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+
+	if (pp != NULL) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(1, "Marking %s as clean.", sc->sc_name);
+		g_journal_metadata_update(sc);
+		g_topology_lock();
+		pp->flags |= G_PF_WITHER;
+		g_orphan_provider(pp, ENXIO);
+	} else {
+		g_topology_lock();
+	}
+	mtx_destroy(&sc->sc_mtx);
+
+	if (sc->sc_current_count != 0) {
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Warning! Number of current requests %d.",
+		    sc->sc_current_count);
+	}
+
+	LIST_FOREACH(cp, &gp->consumer, consumer) {
+		if (cp->acr + cp->acw + cp->ace > 0)
+			g_access(cp, -1, -1, -1);
+		/*
+		 * We keep all consumers open for writting, so if I'll detach
+		 * and destroy consumer here, I'll get providers for taste, so
+		 * journal will be started again.
+		 * Sending an event here, prevents this from happening.
+		 */
+		g_post_event(g_journal_destroy_consumer, cp, M_WAITOK, NULL);
+	}
+	gp->softc = NULL;
+	g_wither_geom(gp, ENXIO);
+	free(sc, M_JOURNAL);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_taste_orphan(struct g_consumer *cp)
+{
+
+	KASSERT(1 == 0, ("%s called while tasting %s.", __func__,
+	    cp->provider->name));
+}
+
+static struct g_geom *
+g_journal_taste(struct g_class *mp, struct g_provider *pp, int flags __unused)
+{
+	struct g_journal_metadata md;
+	struct g_consumer *cp;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	int error;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	g_trace(G_T_TOPOLOGY, "%s(%s, %s)", __func__, mp->name, pp->name);
+	GJ_DEBUG(2, "Tasting %s.", pp->name);
+	if (pp->geom->class == mp)
+		return (NULL);
+
+	gp = g_new_geomf(mp, "journal:taste");
+	/* This orphan function should be never called. */
+	gp->orphan = g_journal_taste_orphan;
+	cp = g_new_consumer(gp);
+	g_attach(cp, pp);
+	error = g_journal_metadata_read(cp, &md);
+	g_detach(cp);
+	g_destroy_consumer(cp);
+	g_destroy_geom(gp);
+	if (error != 0)
+		return (NULL);
+	gp = NULL;
+
+	if (md.md_provider[0] != '\0' && strcmp(md.md_provider, pp->name) != 0)
+		return (NULL);
+	if (md.md_provsize != 0 && md.md_provsize != pp->mediasize)
+		return (NULL);
+	if (g_journal_debug >= 2)
+		journal_metadata_dump(&md);
+
+	gp = g_journal_create(mp, pp, &md);
+	return (gp);
+}
+
+static struct g_journal_softc *
+g_journal_find_device(struct g_class *mp, const char *name)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct g_provider *pp;
+
+	if (strncmp(name, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
+		name += 5;
+	LIST_FOREACH(gp, &mp->geom, geom) {
+		sc = gp->softc;
+		if (sc == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY)
+			continue;
+		if ((sc->sc_type & GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) != GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE)
+			continue;
+		pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->provider);
+		if (strcmp(sc->sc_name, name) == 0)
+			return (sc);
+		if (pp != NULL && strcmp(pp->name, name) == 0)
+			return (sc);
+	}
+	return (NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_ctl_destroy(struct gctl_req *req, struct g_class *mp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	const char *name;
+	char param[16];
+	int *nargs;
+	int error, i;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+
+	nargs = gctl_get_paraml(req, "nargs", sizeof(*nargs));
+	if (nargs == NULL) {
+		gctl_error(req, "No '%s' argument.", "nargs");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (*nargs <= 0) {
+		gctl_error(req, "Missing device(s).");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < *nargs; i++) {
+		snprintf(param, sizeof(param), "arg%d", i);
+		name = gctl_get_asciiparam(req, param);
+		if (name == NULL) {
+			gctl_error(req, "No 'arg%d' argument.", i);
+			return;
+		}
+		sc = g_journal_find_device(mp, name);
+		if (sc == NULL) {
+			gctl_error(req, "No such device: %s.", name);
+			return;
+		}
+		error = g_journal_destroy(sc);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			gctl_error(req, "Cannot destroy device %s (error=%d).",
+			    LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->provider)->name, error);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_ctl_sync(struct gctl_req *req __unused, struct g_class *mp __unused)
+{
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	g_journal_sync_requested++;
+	wakeup(&g_journal_switcher_state);
+	while (g_journal_sync_requested > 0)
+		tsleep(&g_journal_sync_requested, PRIBIO, "j:sreq", hz / 2);
+	g_topology_lock();
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_config(struct gctl_req *req, struct g_class *mp, const char *verb)
+{
+	uint32_t *version;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+
+	version = gctl_get_paraml(req, "version", sizeof(*version));
+	if (version == NULL) {
+		gctl_error(req, "No '%s' argument.", "version");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (*version != G_JOURNAL_VERSION) {
+		gctl_error(req, "Userland and kernel parts are out of sync.");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(verb, "destroy") == 0 || strcmp(verb, "stop") == 0) {
+		g_journal_ctl_destroy(req, mp);
+		return;
+	} else if (strcmp(verb, "sync") == 0) {
+		g_journal_ctl_sync(req, mp);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	gctl_error(req, "Unknown verb.");
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_dumpconf(struct sbuf *sb, const char *indent, struct g_geom *gp,
+    struct g_consumer *cp, struct g_provider *pp)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+
+	g_topology_assert();
+
+	sc = gp->softc;
+	if (sc == NULL)
+		return;
+	if (pp != NULL) {
+		/* Nothing here. */
+	} else if (cp != NULL) {
+		int first = 1;
+
+		sbuf_printf(sb, "%s<Role>", indent);
+		if (cp == sc->sc_dconsumer) {
+			sbuf_printf(sb, "Data");
+			first = 0;
+		}
+		if (cp == sc->sc_jconsumer) {
+			if (!first)
+				sbuf_printf(sb, ",");
+			sbuf_printf(sb, "Journal");
+		}
+		sbuf_printf(sb, "</Role>\n");
+		if (cp == sc->sc_jconsumer) {
+			sbuf_printf(sb, "<Jstart>%jd</Jstart>\n",
+			    (intmax_t)sc->sc_jstart);
+			sbuf_printf(sb, "<Jend>%jd</Jend>\n",
+			    (intmax_t)sc->sc_jend);
+		}
+	} else {
+		sbuf_printf(sb, "%s<ID>%u</ID>\n", indent, (u_int)sc->sc_id);
+	}
+}
+
+static eventhandler_tag g_journal_event_shutdown = NULL;
+static eventhandler_tag g_journal_event_lowmem = NULL;
+
+static void
+g_journal_shutdown(void *arg, int howto __unused)
+{
+	struct g_class *mp;
+	struct g_geom *gp, *gp2;
+
+	if (panicstr != NULL)
+		return;
+	mp = arg;
+	DROP_GIANT();
+	g_topology_lock();
+	LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(gp, &mp->geom, geom, gp2) {
+		if (gp->softc == NULL)
+			continue;
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Shutting down geom %s.", gp->name);
+		g_journal_destroy(gp->softc);
+	}
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	PICKUP_GIANT();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Free cached requests from inactive queue in case of low memory.
+ * We free GJ_FREE_AT_ONCE elements at once.
+ */
+#define	GJ_FREE_AT_ONCE	4
+static void
+g_journal_lowmem(void *arg, int howto __unused)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	struct g_class *mp;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct bio *bp;
+	u_int nfree = GJ_FREE_AT_ONCE;
+
+	g_journal_stats_low_mem++;
+	mp = arg;
+	DROP_GIANT();
+	g_topology_lock();
+	LIST_FOREACH(gp, &mp->geom, geom) {
+		sc = gp->softc;
+		if (sc == NULL || (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY))
+			continue;
+		mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		for (bp = sc->sc_inactive.jj_queue; nfree > 0 && bp != NULL;
+		    nfree--, bp = bp->bio_next) {
+			/*
+			 * This is safe to free the bio_data, because:
+			 * 1. If bio_data is NULL it will be read from the
+			 *    inactive journal.
+			 * 2. If bp is sent down, it is first removed from the
+			 *    inactive queue, so it's impossible to free the
+			 *    data from under in-flight bio.
+			 * On the other hand, freeing elements from the active
+			 * queue, is not safe.
+			 */
+			if (bp->bio_data != NULL) {
+				GJ_DEBUG(2, "Freeing data from %s.",
+				    sc->sc_name);
+				gj_free(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length);
+				bp->bio_data = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		if (nfree == 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	PICKUP_GIANT();
+}
+
+static void g_journal_switcher(void *arg);
+
+static void
+g_journal_init(struct g_class *mp)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	/* Pick a conservative value if provided value sucks. */
+	if (g_journal_cache_divisor <= 0 ||
+	    (vm_kmem_size / g_journal_cache_divisor == 0)) {
+		g_journal_cache_divisor = 5;
+	}
+	if (g_journal_cache_limit > 0) {
+		g_journal_cache_limit = vm_kmem_size / g_journal_cache_divisor;
+		g_journal_cache_low =
+		    (g_journal_cache_limit / 100) * g_journal_cache_switch;
+	}
+	g_journal_event_shutdown = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(shutdown_post_sync,
+	    g_journal_shutdown, mp, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_FIRST);
+	if (g_journal_event_shutdown == NULL)
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Warning! Cannot register shutdown event.");
+	g_journal_event_lowmem = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(vm_lowmem,
+	    g_journal_lowmem, mp, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_FIRST);
+	if (g_journal_event_lowmem == NULL)
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "Warning! Cannot register lowmem event.");
+	error = kthread_create(g_journal_switcher, mp, NULL, 0, 0,
+	    "g_journal switcher");
+	KASSERT(error == 0, ("Cannot create switcher thread."));
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_fini(struct g_class *mp)
+{
+
+	if (g_journal_event_shutdown != NULL) {
+		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(shutdown_post_sync,
+		    g_journal_event_shutdown);
+	}
+	if (g_journal_event_lowmem != NULL)
+		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(vm_lowmem, g_journal_event_lowmem);
+	g_journal_switcher_state = GJ_SWITCHER_DIE;
+	wakeup(&g_journal_switcher_state);
+	while (g_journal_switcher_state != GJ_SWITCHER_DIED)
+		tsleep(&g_journal_switcher_state, PRIBIO, "jfini:wait", hz / 5);
+	GJ_DEBUG(1, "Switcher died.");
+}
+
+DECLARE_GEOM_CLASS(g_journal_class, g_journal);
+
+static const struct g_journal_desc *
+g_journal_find_desc(const char *fstype)
+{
+	const struct g_journal_desc *desc;
+	int i;
+
+	for (desc = g_journal_filesystems[i = 0]; desc != NULL;
+	     desc = g_journal_filesystems[++i]) {
+		if (strcmp(desc->jd_fstype, fstype) == 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	return (desc);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_switch_wait(struct g_journal_softc *sc)
+{
+	struct bintime bt;
+
+	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_mtx, MA_OWNED);
+	if (g_journal_debug >= 2) {
+		if (sc->sc_flush_in_progress > 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "%d requests flushing.",
+			    sc->sc_flush_in_progress);
+		}
+		if (sc->sc_copy_in_progress > 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "%d requests copying.",
+			    sc->sc_copy_in_progress);
+		}
+		if (sc->sc_flush_count > 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "%d requests to flush.",
+			    sc->sc_flush_count);
+		}
+		if (sc->sc_delayed_count > 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(2, "%d requests delayed.",
+			    sc->sc_delayed_count);
+		}
+	}
+	g_journal_stats_switches++;
+	if (sc->sc_copy_in_progress > 0)
+		g_journal_stats_wait_for_copy++;
+	GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+	sc->sc_flags &= ~GJF_DEVICE_BEFORE_SWITCH;
+	sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH;
+	wakeup(sc);
+	while (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH) {
+		msleep(&sc->sc_journal_copying, &sc->sc_mtx, PRIBIO,
+		    "gj:switch", 0);
+	}
+	GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Switch time of %s", sc->sc_name);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_do_switch(struct g_class *classp, struct thread *td)
+{
+	struct g_journal_softc *sc;
+	const struct g_journal_desc *desc;
+	struct g_geom *gp;
+	struct mount *mp;
+	struct bintime bt;
+	char *mountpoint;
+	int error, vfslocked;
+
+	DROP_GIANT();
+	g_topology_lock();
+	LIST_FOREACH(gp, &classp->geom, geom) {
+		sc = gp->softc;
+		if (sc == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY)
+			continue;
+		if ((sc->sc_type & GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) != GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE)
+			continue;
+		mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		sc->sc_flags |= GJF_DEVICE_BEFORE_SWITCH;
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	}
+	g_topology_unlock();
+	PICKUP_GIANT();
+
+	mtx_lock(&mountlist_mtx);
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(mp, &mountlist, mnt_list) {
+		if (mp->mnt_gjprovider == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
+			continue;
+		desc = g_journal_find_desc(mp->mnt_stat.f_fstypename);
+		if (desc == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (vfs_busy(mp, LK_NOWAIT, &mountlist_mtx, td))
+			continue;
+		/* mtx_unlock(&mountlist_mtx) was done inside vfs_busy() */
+
+		DROP_GIANT();
+		g_topology_lock();
+		sc = g_journal_find_device(classp, mp->mnt_gjprovider);
+		g_topology_unlock();
+		PICKUP_GIANT();
+
+		if (sc == NULL) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot find journal geom for %s.",
+			    mp->mnt_gjprovider);
+			goto next;
+		} else if (JEMPTY(sc)) {
+			mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+			sc->sc_flags &= ~GJF_DEVICE_BEFORE_SWITCH;
+			mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+			GJ_DEBUG(3, "No need for %s switch.", sc->sc_name);
+			goto next;
+		}
+
+		mountpoint = mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname;
+
+		vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(mp);
+
+		error = vn_start_write(NULL, &mp, V_WAIT);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "vn_start_write(%s) failed (error=%d).",
+			    mountpoint, error);
+			goto next;
+		}
+
+		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
+		mp->mnt_noasync++;
+		mp->mnt_kern_flag &= ~MNTK_ASYNC;
+		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
+
+		GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+		vfs_msync(mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
+		GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Msync time of %s", mountpoint);
+
+		GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+		error = VFS_SYNC(mp, MNT_NOWAIT, curthread);
+		if (error == 0)
+			GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Sync time of %s", mountpoint);
+		else {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot sync file system %s (error=%d).",
+			    mountpoint, error);
+		}
+
+		MNT_ILOCK(mp);
+		mp->mnt_noasync--;
+		if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_ASYNC) != 0 && mp->mnt_noasync == 0)
+			mp->mnt_kern_flag |= MNTK_ASYNC;
+		MNT_IUNLOCK(mp);
+
+		vn_finished_write(mp);
+
+		if (error != 0) {
+			VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
+			goto next;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Send BIO_FLUSH before freezing the file system, so it can be
+		 * faster after the freeze.
+		 */
+		GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+		g_journal_flush_cache(sc);
+		GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "BIO_FLUSH time of %s", sc->sc_name);
+
+		GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+		error = vfs_write_suspend(mp);
+		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
+		GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Suspend time of %s", mountpoint);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot suspend file system %s (error=%d).",
+			    mountpoint, error);
+			goto next;
+		}
+
+		error = desc->jd_clean(mp);
+		if (error != 0)
+			goto next;
+
+		mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+		g_journal_switch_wait(sc);
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+
+		vfs_write_resume(mp);
+next:
+		mtx_lock(&mountlist_mtx);
+		vfs_unbusy(mp, td);
+	}
+	mtx_unlock(&mountlist_mtx);
+
+	sc = NULL;
+	for (;;) {
+		DROP_GIANT();
+		g_topology_lock();
+		LIST_FOREACH(gp, &g_journal_class.geom, geom) {
+			sc = gp->softc;
+			if (sc == NULL)
+				continue;
+			mtx_lock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+			if ((sc->sc_type & GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE) == GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE &&
+			    !(sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY) &&
+			    (sc->sc_flags & GJF_DEVICE_BEFORE_SWITCH)) {
+				break;
+			}
+			mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+			sc = NULL;
+		}
+		g_topology_unlock();
+		PICKUP_GIANT();
+		if (sc == NULL)
+			break;
+		mtx_assert(&sc->sc_mtx, MA_OWNED);
+		g_journal_switch_wait(sc);
+		mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_mtx);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * TODO: Switcher thread should be started on first geom creation and killed on
+ * last geom destruction.
+ */
+static void
+g_journal_switcher(void *arg)
+{
+	struct thread *td = curthread;
+	struct g_class *mp;
+	struct bintime bt;
+	int error;
+
+	mp = arg;
+	for (;;) {
+		g_journal_switcher_wokenup = 0;
+		error = tsleep(&g_journal_switcher_state, PRIBIO, "jsw:wait",
+		    g_journal_switch_time * hz);
+		if (g_journal_switcher_state == GJ_SWITCHER_DIE) {
+			g_journal_switcher_state = GJ_SWITCHER_DIED;
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "Switcher exiting.");
+			wakeup(&g_journal_switcher_state);
+			kthread_exit(0);
+		}
+		if (error == 0 && g_journal_sync_requested == 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(1, "Out of cache, force switch (used=%u "
+			    "limit=%u).", g_journal_cache_used,
+			    g_journal_cache_limit);
+		}
+		GJ_TIMER_START(1, &bt);
+		g_journal_do_switch(mp, td);
+		GJ_TIMER_STOP(1, &bt, "Entire switch time");
+		if (g_journal_sync_requested > 0) {
+			g_journal_sync_requested = 0;
+			wakeup(&g_journal_sync_requested);
+		}
+	}
+}
--- /dev/null
+++ sys/geom/journal/g_journal_ufs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd at FreeBSD.org>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/sys/geom/journal/g_journal_ufs.c,v 1.1 2006/10/31 21:31:00 pjd Exp $");
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/systm.h>
+#include <sys/vnode.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+
+#include <ufs/ufs/extattr.h>
+#include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
+#include <ufs/ufs/inode.h>
+#include <ufs/ufs/ufs_extern.h>
+#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
+
+#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
+#include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
+
+#include <geom/geom.h>
+#include <geom/journal/g_journal.h>
+
+static const int superblocks[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
+
+static int
+g_journal_ufs_clean(struct mount *mp)
+{
+	struct ufsmount *ump;
+	struct fs *fs;
+	int flags;
+
+	ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
+	fs = ump->um_fs;
+
+	flags = fs->fs_flags;
+	fs->fs_flags &= ~(FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK);
+	ffs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT, 1);
+	fs->fs_flags = flags;
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+g_journal_ufs_dirty(struct g_consumer *cp)
+{
+	struct fs *fs;
+	int error, i, sb;
+
+	if (SBLOCKSIZE % cp->provider->sectorsize != 0)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; (sb = superblocks[i]) != -1; i++) {
+		if (sb % cp->provider->sectorsize != 0)
+			continue;
+		fs = g_read_data(cp, sb, SBLOCKSIZE, NULL);
+		if (fs == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (fs->fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
+		    fs->fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
+			g_free(fs);
+			continue;
+		}
+		GJ_DEBUG(0, "clean=%d flags=0x%x", fs->fs_clean, fs->fs_flags);
+		fs->fs_clean = 0;
+		fs->fs_flags |= FS_NEEDSFSCK | FS_UNCLEAN;
+		error = g_write_data(cp, sb, fs, SBLOCKSIZE);
+		g_free(fs);
+		if (error != 0) {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "Cannot mark file system %s as dirty "
+			    "(error=%d).", cp->provider->name, error);
+		} else {
+			GJ_DEBUG(0, "File system %s marked as dirty.",
+			    cp->provider->name);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+const struct g_journal_desc g_journal_ufs = {
+	.jd_fstype = "ufs",
+	.jd_clean = g_journal_ufs_clean,
+	.jd_dirty = g_journal_ufs_dirty
+};
+
+MODULE_DEPEND(g_journal, ufs, 1, 1, 1);
--- /dev/null
+++ sys/geom/journal/g_journal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd at FreeBSD.org>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * $FreeBSD: src/sys/geom/journal/g_journal.h,v 1.1 2006/10/31 21:31:00 pjd Exp $
+ */
+
+#ifndef	_G_JOURNAL_H_
+#define	_G_JOURNAL_H_
+
+#include <sys/endian.h>
+#include <sys/md5.h>
+#ifdef _KERNEL
+#include <sys/bio.h>
+#endif
+
+#define	G_JOURNAL_CLASS_NAME	"JOURNAL"
+
+#define	G_JOURNAL_MAGIC		"GEOM::JOURNAL"
+/*
+ * Version history:
+ * 0 - Initial version number.
+ */
+#define	G_JOURNAL_VERSION	0
+
+#ifdef _KERNEL
+extern int g_journal_debug;
+
+#define	GJ_DEBUG(lvl, ...)	do {					\
+	if (g_journal_debug >= (lvl)) {					\
+		printf("GEOM_JOURNAL");					\
+		if (g_journal_debug > 0)				\
+			printf("[%u]", lvl);				\
+		printf(": ");						\
+		printf(__VA_ARGS__);					\
+		printf("\n");						\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+#define	GJ_LOGREQ(lvl, bp, ...)	do {					\
+	if (g_journal_debug >= (lvl)) {					\
+		printf("GEOM_JOURNAL");					\
+		if (g_journal_debug > 0)				\
+			printf("[%u]", lvl);				\
+		printf(": ");						\
+		printf(__VA_ARGS__);					\
+		printf(" ");						\
+		g_print_bio(bp);					\
+		printf("\n");						\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+
+#define	JEMPTY(sc)	((sc)->sc_journal_offset -			\
+			 (sc)->sc_jprovider->sectorsize ==		\
+			 (sc)->sc_active.jj_offset &&			\
+			 (sc)->sc_current_count == 0)
+
+#define	GJ_BIO_REGULAR		0x00
+#define	GJ_BIO_READ		0x01
+#define	GJ_BIO_JOURNAL		0x02
+#define	GJ_BIO_COPY		0x03
+#define	GJ_BIO_MASK		0x0f
+
+#if 0
+#define	GJF_BIO_DONT_FREE	0x10
+#define	GJF_BIO_MASK		0xf0
+#endif
+
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_HARDCODED		0x0001
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_DESTROY		0x0010
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_SWITCH		0x0020
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_BEFORE_SWITCH	0x0040
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_CLEAN		0x0080
+#define	GJF_DEVICE_CHECKSUM		0x0100
+
+#define	GJ_HARD_LIMIT		64
+
+/*
+ * We keep pointers to journaled data in bio structure and because we
+ * need to store two off_t values (offset in data provider and offset in
+ * journal), we have to borrow bio_completed field for this.
+ */
+#define	bio_joffset	bio_completed
+/*
+ * Use bio_caller1 field as a pointer in queue.
+ */
+#define	bio_next	bio_caller1
+
+/*
+ * There are two such structures maintained inside each journaled device.
+ * One describes active part of the journal, were recent requests are stored.
+ * The second describes the last consistent part of the journal with requests
+ * that are copied to the destination provider.
+ */
+struct g_journal_journal {
+	struct bio	*jj_queue;	/* Cached journal entries. */
+	off_t		 jj_offset;	/* Journal's start offset. */
+};
+
+struct g_journal_softc {
+	uint32_t	 sc_id;
+	uint8_t		 sc_type;
+	uint8_t		 sc_orig_type;
+	struct g_geom	*sc_geom;
+	u_int		 sc_flags;
+	struct mtx	 sc_mtx;
+	off_t		 sc_mediasize;
+	u_int		 sc_sectorsize;
+#define	GJ_FLUSH_DATA		0x01
+#define	GJ_FLUSH_JOURNAL	0x02
+	u_int		 sc_bio_flush;
+
+	uint32_t	 sc_journal_id;
+	uint32_t	 sc_journal_next_id;
+	int		 sc_journal_copying;
+	off_t		 sc_journal_offset;
+	off_t		 sc_journal_previous_id;
+
+	struct bio_queue_head sc_back_queue;
+	struct bio_queue_head sc_regular_queue;
+
+	struct bio_queue_head sc_delayed_queue;
+	int		 sc_delayed_count;
+
+	struct bio	*sc_current_queue;
+	int		 sc_current_count;
+
+	struct bio	*sc_flush_queue;
+	int		 sc_flush_count;
+	int		 sc_flush_in_progress;
+
+	struct bio	*sc_copy_queue;
+	int		 sc_copy_in_progress;
+
+	struct g_consumer *sc_dconsumer;
+	struct g_consumer *sc_jconsumer;
+
+	struct g_journal_journal sc_inactive;
+	struct g_journal_journal sc_active;
+
+	off_t		 sc_jstart;	/* Journal space start offset. */
+	off_t		 sc_jend;	/* Journal space end offset. */
+
+	struct callout	 sc_callout;
+	struct proc	*sc_worker;
+};
+#define	sc_dprovider	sc_dconsumer->provider
+#define	sc_jprovider	sc_jconsumer->provider
+#define	sc_name		sc_dprovider->name
+
+#define	GJQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, bp)	do {				\
+	(bp)->bio_next = (head);					\
+	(head) = (bp);							\
+} while (0)
+#define	GJQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, bp, pbp)	do {				\
+	if ((pbp) == NULL)						\
+		GJQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, bp);				\
+	else {								\
+		(bp)->bio_next = (pbp)->bio_next;			\
+		(pbp)->bio_next = (bp);					\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+#define	GJQ_FIRST(head)	(head)
+#define	GJQ_REMOVE(head, bp)	do {					\
+	struct bio *_bp;						\
+									\
+	if ((head) == (bp)) {						\
+		(head) = (bp)->bio_next;				\
+		(bp)->bio_next = NULL;					\
+		break;							\
+	}								\
+	for (_bp = (head); _bp->bio_next != NULL; _bp = _bp->bio_next) {\
+		if (_bp->bio_next == (bp))				\
+			break;						\
+	}								\
+	KASSERT(_bp->bio_next != NULL, ("NULL bio_next"));		\
+	KASSERT(_bp->bio_next == (bp), ("bio_next != bp"));		\
+	_bp->bio_next = (bp)->bio_next;					\
+	(bp)->bio_next = NULL;						\
+} while (0)
+#define GJQ_FOREACH(head, bp)						\
+	for ((bp) = (head); (bp) != NULL; (bp) = (bp)->bio_next)
+
+#define	GJ_HEADER_MAGIC	"GJHDR"
+
+struct g_journal_header {
+	char		jh_magic[sizeof(GJ_HEADER_MAGIC)];
+	uint32_t	jh_journal_id;
+	uint32_t	jh_journal_next_id;
+} __packed;
+
+struct g_journal_entry {
+	uint64_t	je_joffset;
+	uint64_t	je_offset;
+	uint64_t	je_length;
+} __packed;
+
+#define	GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC		"GJRHDR"
+#define	GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES	(20)
+#define	GJ_RECORD_MAX_SIZE(sc)	\
+	((sc)->sc_jprovider->sectorsize + GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES * MAXPHYS)
+#define	GJ_VALIDATE_OFFSET(offset, sc)	do {				\
+	if ((offset) + GJ_RECORD_MAX_SIZE(sc) >= (sc)->sc_jend) {	\
+		(offset) = (sc)->sc_jstart;				\
+		GJ_DEBUG(2, "Starting from the begining (%s).",		\
+		    (sc)->sc_name);					\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+
+struct g_journal_record_header {
+	char		jrh_magic[sizeof(GJ_RECORD_HEADER_MAGIC)];
+	uint32_t	jrh_journal_id;
+	uint16_t	jrh_nentries;
+	u_char		jrh_sum[8];
+	struct g_journal_entry jrh_entries[GJ_RECORD_HEADER_NENTRIES];
+} __packed;
+
+typedef int (g_journal_clean_t)(struct mount *mp);
+typedef void (g_journal_dirty_t)(struct g_consumer *cp);
+
+struct g_journal_desc {
+	const char		*jd_fstype;
+	g_journal_clean_t	*jd_clean;
+	g_journal_dirty_t	*jd_dirty;
+};
+
+/* Supported file systems. */
+extern const struct g_journal_desc g_journal_ufs;
+
+#define	GJ_TIMER_START(lvl, bt)	do {					\
+	if (g_journal_debug >= (lvl))					\
+		binuptime(bt);						\
+} while (0)
+#define	GJ_TIMER_STOP(lvl, bt, ...)	do {				\
+	if (g_journal_debug >= (lvl)) {					\
+		struct bintime _bt2;					\
+		struct timeval _tv;					\
+									\
+		binuptime(&_bt2);					\
+		bintime_sub(&_bt2, bt);					\
+		bintime2timeval(&_bt2, &_tv);				\
+		printf("GEOM_JOURNAL");					\
+		if (g_journal_debug > 0)				\
+			printf("[%u]", lvl);				\
+		printf(": ");						\
+		printf(__VA_ARGS__);					\
+		printf(": %jd.%06jds\n", (intmax_t)_tv.tv_sec,		\
+		    (intmax_t)_tv.tv_usec);				\
+	}								\
+} while (0)
+#endif	/* _KERNEL */
+
+#define	GJ_TYPE_DATA		0x01
+#define	GJ_TYPE_JOURNAL		0x02
+#define	GJ_TYPE_COMPLETE	(GJ_TYPE_DATA|GJ_TYPE_JOURNAL)
+
+#define	GJ_FLAG_CLEAN		0x01
+#define	GJ_FLAG_CHECKSUM	0x02
+
+struct g_journal_metadata {
+	char		md_magic[16];	/* Magic value. */
+	uint32_t	md_version;	/* Version number. */
+	uint32_t	md_id;		/* Journal unique ID. */
+	uint8_t		md_type;	/* Provider type. */
+	uint64_t	md_jstart;	/* Journal space start offset. */
+	uint64_t	md_jend;	/* Journal space end offset. */
+	uint64_t	md_joffset;	/* Last known consistent journal offset. */
+	uint32_t	md_jid;		/* Last known consistent journal ID. */
+	uint64_t	md_flags;	/* Journal flags. */
+	char		md_provider[16]; /* Hardcoded provider. */
+	uint64_t	md_provsize;	/* Provider's size. */
+	u_char		md_hash[16];	/* MD5 hash. */
+};
+static __inline void
+journal_metadata_encode(struct g_journal_metadata *md, u_char *data)
+{
+	MD5_CTX ctx;
+
+	bcopy(md->md_magic, data, 16);
+	le32enc(data + 16, md->md_version);
+	le32enc(data + 20, md->md_id);
+	*(data + 24) = md->md_type;
+	le64enc(data + 25, md->md_jstart);
+	le64enc(data + 33, md->md_jend);
+	le64enc(data + 41, md->md_joffset);
+	le32enc(data + 49, md->md_jid);
+	le64enc(data + 53, md->md_flags);
+	bcopy(md->md_provider, data + 61, 16);
+	le64enc(data + 77, md->md_provsize);
+	MD5Init(&ctx);
+	MD5Update(&ctx, data, 85);
+	MD5Final(md->md_hash, &ctx);
+	bcopy(md->md_hash, data + 85, 16);
+}
+static __inline int
+journal_metadata_decode_v0(const u_char *data, struct g_journal_metadata *md)
+{
+	MD5_CTX ctx;
+
+	md->md_id = le32dec(data + 20);
+	md->md_type = *(data + 24);
+	md->md_jstart = le64dec(data + 25);
+	md->md_jend = le64dec(data + 33);
+	md->md_joffset = le64dec(data + 41);
+	md->md_jid = le32dec(data + 49);
+	md->md_flags = le64dec(data + 53);
+	bcopy(data + 61, md->md_provider, 16);
+	md->md_provsize = le64dec(data + 77);
+	MD5Init(&ctx);
+	MD5Update(&ctx, data, 85);
+	MD5Final(md->md_hash, &ctx);
+	if (bcmp(md->md_hash, data + 85, 16) != 0)
+		return (EINVAL);
+	return (0);
+}
+static __inline int
+journal_metadata_decode(const u_char *data, struct g_journal_metadata *md)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	bcopy(data, md->md_magic, 16);
+	md->md_version = le32dec(data + 16);
+	switch (md->md_version) {
+	case 0:
+		error = journal_metadata_decode_v0(data, md);
+		break;
+	default:
+		error = EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+	return (error);
+}
+
+static __inline void
+journal_metadata_dump(const struct g_journal_metadata *md)
+{
+	static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+	char hash[16 * 2 + 1];
+	u_int i;
+
+	printf("     magic: %s\n", md->md_magic);
+	printf("   version: %u\n", (u_int)md->md_version);
+	printf("        id: %u\n", (u_int)md->md_id);
+	printf("      type: %u\n", (u_int)md->md_type);
+	printf("     start: %ju\n", (uintmax_t)md->md_jstart);
+	printf("       end: %ju\n", (uintmax_t)md->md_jend);
+	printf("   joffset: %ju\n", (uintmax_t)md->md_joffset);
+	printf("       jid: %u\n", (u_int)md->md_jid);
+	printf("     flags: %u\n", (u_int)md->md_flags);
+	printf("hcprovider: %s\n", md->md_provider);
+	printf("  provsize: %ju\n", (uintmax_t)md->md_provsize);
+	bzero(hash, sizeof(hash));
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		hash[i * 2] = hex[md->md_hash[i] >> 4];
+		hash[i * 2 + 1] = hex[md->md_hash[i] & 0x0f];
+	}
+	printf("  MD5 hash: %s\n", hash);
+}
+#endif	/* !_G_JOURNAL_H_ */


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