[Midnightbsd-cvs] src [11080] vendor/tzdata/dist: 2018e

laffer1 at midnightbsd.org laffer1 at midnightbsd.org
Tue Jun 19 10:17:41 EDT 2018


Revision: 11080
          http://svnweb.midnightbsd.org/src/?rev=11080
Author:   laffer1
Date:     2018-06-19 10:17:41 -0400 (Tue, 19 Jun 2018)
Log Message:
-----------
2018e

Modified Paths:
--------------
    vendor/tzdata/dist/CONTRIBUTING
    vendor/tzdata/dist/LICENSE
    vendor/tzdata/dist/Makefile
    vendor/tzdata/dist/NEWS
    vendor/tzdata/dist/README
    vendor/tzdata/dist/Theory
    vendor/tzdata/dist/africa
    vendor/tzdata/dist/antarctica
    vendor/tzdata/dist/asia
    vendor/tzdata/dist/australasia
    vendor/tzdata/dist/backward
    vendor/tzdata/dist/backzone
    vendor/tzdata/dist/checklinks.awk
    vendor/tzdata/dist/checktab.awk
    vendor/tzdata/dist/etcetera
    vendor/tzdata/dist/europe
    vendor/tzdata/dist/factory
    vendor/tzdata/dist/iso3166.tab
    vendor/tzdata/dist/leap-seconds.list
    vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds
    vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds.awk
    vendor/tzdata/dist/northamerica
    vendor/tzdata/dist/southamerica
    vendor/tzdata/dist/zone.tab
    vendor/tzdata/dist/zone1970.tab

Added Paths:
-----------
    vendor/tzdata/dist/calendars
    vendor/tzdata/dist/theory.html
    vendor/tzdata/dist/version
    vendor/tzdata/dist/ziguard.awk
    vendor/tzdata/dist/zishrink.awk

Removed Paths:
-------------
    vendor/tzdata/dist/solar87
    vendor/tzdata/dist/solar88
    vendor/tzdata/dist/solar89

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/CONTRIBUTING
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/CONTRIBUTING	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/CONTRIBUTING	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -5,23 +5,30 @@
 warning, the data entries do not cover all of civil time before
 1970, and undoubtedly errors remain in the code and data.  Feel
 free to fill gaps or fix mistakes, and please email improvements
-to tz at iana.org for use in the future.
+to tz at iana.org for use in the future.  In your email, please give
+reliable sources that reviewers can check.
 
+-----
+
+Developers can contribute technical changes to the source code and
+data as follows.
+
 To email small changes, please run a POSIX shell command like
 'diff -u old/europe new/europe >myfix.patch', and attach
 myfix.patch to the email.
 
-For more-elaborate changes, please read the Theory file and browse
-the mailing list archives <http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/> for
-examples of patches that tend to work well.  Ideally, additions to
+For more-elaborate changes, please read the theory.html file and browse
+the mailing list archives <https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/> for
+examples of patches that tend to work well.  Additions to
 data should contain commentary citing reliable sources as
-justification.
+justification.  Citations should use https: URLs if available.
 
 Please submit changes against either the latest release in
-<ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/> or the master branch of the experimental
-Git repository.  If you use Git the following workflow may be helpful:
+<https://www.iana.org/time-zones> or the master branch of the development
+repository.  The latter is preferred.  If you use Git the following
+workflow may be helpful:
 
-  * Copy the experimental repository.
+  * Copy the development repository.
 
       git clone https://github.com/eggert/tz.git
       cd tz
@@ -36,6 +43,12 @@
 
       git checkout -b mybranch
 
+  * Sleuth by using 'git blame'.  For example, when fixing data for
+    Africa/Sao_Tome, if the command 'git blame africa' outputs a line
+    '2951fa3b (Paul Eggert 2018-01-08 09:03:13 -0800 1068) Zone
+    Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884', commit 2951fa3b should
+    provide some justification for the 'Zone Africa/Sao_Tome' line.
+
   * Edit source files.  Include commentary that justifies the
     changes by citing reliable sources.
 
@@ -61,6 +74,9 @@
 
       git send-email master
 
+    For an archived example of such an email, see
+    <https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-February/026122.html>.
+
   * Start anew by getting current with the master branch again
     (the second step above).
 

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/LICENSE
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/LICENSE	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/LICENSE	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-With a few exceptions, all files in the tz code and data (including
-this one) are in the public domain.  The exceptions are tzcode's
-date.c, newstrftime.3, and strftime.c, which contain material derived
-from BSD and which use the BSD 3-clause license.
+Unless specified below, all files in the tz code and data (including
+this LICENSE file) are in the public domain.
+
+If the files date.c, newstrftime.3, and strftime.c are present, they
+contain material derived from BSD and use the BSD 3-clause license.

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/Makefile
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/Makefile	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/Makefile	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -4,15 +4,24 @@
 # Package name for the code distribution.
 PACKAGE=	tzcode
 
-# Version numbers of the code and data distributions.
-VERSION=	2016f
+# Version number for the distribution, overridden in the 'tarballs' rule below.
+VERSION=	unknown
 
 # Email address for bug reports.
 BUGEMAIL=	tz at iana.org
 
+# Choose source data features.  To get new features right away, use:
+#	DATAFORM=	vanguard
+# To wait a while before using new features, to give downstream users
+# time to upgrade zic (the default), use:
+#	DATAFORM=	main
+# To wait even longer for new features, use:
+#	DATAFORM=	rearguard
+DATAFORM=		main
+
 # Change the line below for your time zone (after finding the zone you want in
 # the time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
-# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+# Alternatively, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
 #	zic -l rightzone
 # to correct things.
 # Use the command
@@ -25,11 +34,11 @@
 # for handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables,
 # change the line below (after finding the zone you want in the
 # time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
-# (When a POSIX-style environment variable is handled, the rules in the
+# When a POSIX-style environment variable is handled, the rules in the
 # template file are used to determine "spring forward" and "fall back" days and
 # times; the environment variable itself specifies UT offsets of standard and
-# summer time.)
-# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+# daylight saving time.
+# Alternatively, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
 #	zic -p rightzone
 # to correct things.
 # Use the command
@@ -42,41 +51,69 @@
 # Also see TZDEFRULESTRING below, which takes effect only
 # if the time zone files cannot be accessed.
 
-# Everything gets put in subdirectories of. . .
 
-TOPDIR=		/usr/local
+# Installation locations.
+#
+# The defaults are suitable for Debian, except that if REDO is
+# posix_right or right_posix then files that Debian puts under
+# /usr/share/zoneinfo/posix and /usr/share/zoneinfo/right are instead
+# put under /usr/share/zoneinfo-posix and /usr/share/zoneinfo-leaps,
+# respectively.  Problems with the Debian approach are discussed in
+# the commentary for the right_posix rule (below).
 
+# Destination directory, which can be used for staging.
+# 'make DESTDIR=/stage install' installs under /stage (e.g., to
+# /stage/etc/localtime instead of to /etc/localtime).  Files under
+# /stage are not intended to work as-is, but can be copied by hand to
+# the root directory later.  If DESTDIR is empty, 'make install' does
+# not stage, but installs directly into production locations.
+DESTDIR =
+
+# Everything is installed into subdirectories of TOPDIR, and used there.
+# TOPDIR should be empty (meaning the root directory),
+# or a directory name that does not end in "/".
+# TOPDIR should be empty or an absolute name unless you're just testing.
+TOPDIR =
+
+# The default local time zone is taken from the file TZDEFAULT.
+TZDEFAULT = $(TOPDIR)/etc/localtime
+
+# The subdirectory containing installed program and data files, and
+# likewise for installed files that can be shared among architectures.
+# These should be relative file names.
+USRDIR = usr
+USRSHAREDIR = $(USRDIR)/share
+
 # "Compiled" time zone information is placed in the "TZDIR" directory
 # (and subdirectories).
-# Use an absolute path name for TZDIR unless you're just testing the software.
-
+# TZDIR_BASENAME should not contain "/" and should not be ".", ".." or empty.
 TZDIR_BASENAME=	zoneinfo
-TZDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/etc/$(TZDIR_BASENAME)
+TZDIR = $(TOPDIR)/$(USRSHAREDIR)/$(TZDIR_BASENAME)
 
-# Types to try, as an alternative to time_t.  int64_t should be first.
-TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES= int64_t int32_t uint32_t uint64_t
+# The "tzselect" and (if you do "make INSTALL") "date" commands go in:
+BINDIR = $(TOPDIR)/$(USRDIR)/bin
 
-# The "tzselect", "zic", and "zdump" commands get installed in. . .
+# The "zdump" command goes in:
+ZDUMPDIR = $(BINDIR)
 
-ETCDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/etc
+# The "zic" command goes in:
+ZICDIR = $(TOPDIR)/$(USRDIR)/sbin
 
-# If you "make INSTALL", the "date" command gets installed in. . .
-
-BINDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/bin
-
 # Manual pages go in subdirectories of. . .
+MANDIR = $(TOPDIR)/$(USRSHAREDIR)/man
 
-MANDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/man
-
 # Library functions are put in an archive in LIBDIR.
+LIBDIR = $(TOPDIR)/$(USRDIR)/lib
 
-LIBDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/lib
 
-# If you always want time values interpreted as "seconds since the epoch
-# (not counting leap seconds)", use
+# Types to try, as an alternative to time_t.  int64_t should be first.
+TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES = int64_t int32_t uint32_t uint64_t
+
+# If you want only POSIX time, with time values interpreted as
+# seconds since the epoch (not counting leap seconds), use
 #	REDO=		posix_only
-# below.  If you always want right time values interpreted as "seconds since
-# the epoch" (counting leap seconds)", use
+# below.  If you want only "right" time, with values interpreted
+# as seconds since the epoch (counting leap seconds), use
 #	REDO=		right_only
 # below.  If you want both sets of data available, with leap seconds not
 # counted normally, use
@@ -85,10 +122,34 @@
 # normally, use
 #	REDO=		right_posix
 # below.  POSIX mandates that leap seconds not be counted; for compatibility
-# with it, use "posix_only" or "posix_right".
+# with it, use "posix_only" or "posix_right".  Use POSIX time on systems with
+# leap smearing; this can work better than unsmeared "right" time with
+# applications that are not leap second aware, and is closer to unsmeared
+# "right" time than unsmeared POSIX time is (e.g., 0.5 vs 1.0 s max error).
 
 REDO=		posix_right
 
+# To install data in text form that has all the information of the binary data,
+# (optionally incorporating leap second information), use
+#	TZDATA_TEXT=	tzdata.zi leapseconds
+# To install text data without leap second information (e.g., because
+# REDO='posix_only'), use
+#	TZDATA_TEXT=	tzdata.zi
+# To avoid installing text data, use
+#	TZDATA_TEXT=
+
+TZDATA_TEXT=	leapseconds tzdata.zi
+
+# For backward-compatibility links for old zone names, use
+#	BACKWARD=	backward
+# If you also want the link US/Pacific-New, even though it is confusing
+# and is planned to be removed from the database eventually, use
+#	BACKWARD=	backward pacificnew
+# To omit these links, use
+#	BACKWARD=
+
+BACKWARD=	backward
+
 # If you want out-of-scope and often-wrong data from the file 'backzone', use
 #	PACKRATDATA=	backzone
 # To omit this data, use
@@ -96,53 +157,70 @@
 
 PACKRATDATA=
 
+# The name of a locale using the UTF-8 encoding, used during self-tests.
+# The tests are skipped if the name does not appear to work on this system.
+
+UTF8_LOCALE=	en_US.utf8
+
 # Since "." may not be in PATH...
 
 YEARISTYPE=	./yearistype
 
 # Non-default libraries needed to link.
-# Add -lintl if you want to use 'gettext' on Solaris.
 LDLIBS=
 
-# Add the following to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line as needed.
+# Add the following to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line as needed to override
+# defaults specified in the source code.  "-DFOO" is equivalent to "-DFOO=1".
 #  -DBIG_BANG=-9999999LL if the Big Bang occurred at time -9999999 (see zic.c)
+#  -DDEPRECATE_TWO_DIGIT_YEARS for optional runtime warnings about strftime
+#	formats that generate only the last two digits of year numbers
+#  -DEPOCH_LOCAL if the 'time' function returns local time not UT
+#  -DEPOCH_OFFSET=N if the 'time' function returns a value N greater
+#	than what POSIX specifies, assuming local time is UT.
+#	For example, N is 252460800 on AmigaOS.
 #  -DHAVE_DECL_ASCTIME_R=0 if <time.h> does not declare asctime_r
+#  -DHAVE_DECL_ENVIRON if <unistd.h> declares 'environ'
 #  -DHAVE_DIRECT_H if mkdir needs <direct.h> (MS-Windows)
-#  -DHAVE_DOS_FILE_NAMES if file names have drive specifiers etc. (MS-DOS)
-#  -DHAVE_GETTEXT=1 if 'gettext' works (GNU, Linux, Solaris); also see LDLIBS
-#  -DHAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R=1 if your system's time.h declares
-#	ctime_r and asctime_r incompatibly with the POSIX standard (Solaris 8).
-#  -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 if you have a pre-C99 compiler with "inttypes.h"
+#  -DHAVE_GENERIC=0 if _Generic does not work
+#  -DHAVE_GETTEXT if 'gettext' works (e.g., GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris)
+#  -DHAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R if your system's time.h declares
+#	ctime_r and asctime_r incompatibly with the POSIX standard
+#	(Solaris when _POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS is not defined).
+#  -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H if you have a non-C99 compiler with <inttypes.h>
 #  -DHAVE_LINK=0 if your system lacks a link function
 #  -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0 if your system lacks a localtime_r function
 #  -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ=0 if you do not want zdump to use localtime_rz
-#	This defaults to 1 if a working localtime_rz seems to be available.
 #	localtime_rz can make zdump significantly faster, but is nonstandard.
 #  -DHAVE_POSIX_DECLS=0 if your system's include files do not declare
 #	functions like 'link' or variables like 'tzname' required by POSIX
-#  -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 if you have a pre-C99 compiler with "stdint.h"
-#  -DHAVE_STRFTIME_L=1 if <time.h> declares locale_t and strftime_l
-#	This defaults to 0 if _POSIX_VERSION < 200809, 1 otherwise.
+#  -DHAVE_SNPRINTF=0 if your system lacks the snprintf function
+#  -DHAVE_STDBOOL_H if you have a non-C99 compiler with <stdbool.h>
+#  -DHAVE_STDINT_H if you have a non-C99 compiler with <stdint.h>
+#  -DHAVE_STRFTIME_L if <time.h> declares locale_t and strftime_l
 #  -DHAVE_STRDUP=0 if your system lacks the strdup function
+#  -DHAVE_STRTOLL=0 if your system lacks the strtoll function
 #  -DHAVE_SYMLINK=0 if your system lacks the symlink function
-#  -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/stat.h"
-#  -DHAVE_SYS_WAIT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/wait.h"
+#  -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a <sys/stat.h>
+#  -DHAVE_SYS_WAIT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a <sys/wait.h>
 #  -DHAVE_TZSET=0 if your system lacks a tzset function
-#  -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "unistd.h" (Microsoft C++ 7?)
-#  -DNO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU=1
-#	if you do not want run time warnings about formats that may cause
-#	year 2000 grief
-#  -Dssize_t=long on ancient hosts that lack ssize_t
-#  -DTHREAD_SAFE=1 to make localtime.c thread-safe, as POSIX requires;
+#  -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=0 if your compiler lacks a <unistd.h>
+#  -Dlocale_t=XXX if your system uses XXX instead of locale_t
+#  -DRESERVE_STD_EXT_IDS if your platform reserves standard identifiers
+#	with external linkage, e.g., applications cannot define 'localtime'.
+#  -Dssize_t=long on hosts like MS-Windows that lack ssize_t
+#  -DSUPPRESS_TZDIR to not prepend TZDIR to file names; this has
+#	security implications and is not recommended for general use
+#  -DTHREAD_SAFE to make localtime.c thread-safe, as POSIX requires;
 #	not needed by the main-program tz code, which is single-threaded.
 #	Append other compiler flags as needed, e.g., -pthread on GNU/Linux.
 #  -Dtime_tz=\"T\" to use T as the time_t type, rather than the system time_t
+#	This is intended for internal use only; it mangles external names.
 #  -DTZ_DOMAIN=\"foo\" to use "foo" for gettext domain name; default is "tz"
 #  -DTZ_DOMAINDIR=\"/path\" to use "/path" for gettext directory;
 #	the default is system-supplied, typically "/usr/lib/locale"
 #  -DTZDEFRULESTRING=\",date/time,date/time\" to default to the specified
 #	DST transitions if the time zone files cannot be accessed
-#  -DUNINIT_TRAP=1 if reading uninitialized storage can cause problems
+#  -DUNINIT_TRAP if reading uninitialized storage can cause problems
 #	other than simply getting garbage data
 #  -DUSE_LTZ=0 to build zdump with the system time zone library
 #	Also set TZDOBJS=zdump.o and CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES= below.
@@ -150,27 +228,30 @@
 #	(or some other number) to set the maximum time zone abbreviation length
 #	that zic will accept without a warning (the default is 6)
 #  $(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS) if you are using recent GCC and want lots of checking
-GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS = -Dlint -g3 -O3 -fno-common -fstrict-aliasing \
-	-Wall -Wextra \
-	-Wbad-function-cast -Wcast-align -Wdate-time \
-	-Wdeclaration-after-statement \
-	-Wdouble-promotion \
-	-Wformat=2 -Winit-self -Wjump-misses-init \
-	-Wlogical-op -Wmissing-prototypes -Wnested-externs \
-	-Wold-style-definition -Woverlength-strings -Wpointer-arith \
-	-Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wsuggest-attribute=const \
-	-Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn \
-	-Wsuggest-attribute=pure -Wtrampolines \
-	-Wunused -Wwrite-strings \
-	-Wno-address -Wno-format-nonliteral -Wno-sign-compare \
-	-Wno-type-limits -Wno-unused-parameter
+# Select instrumentation via "make GCC_INSTRUMENT='whatever'".
+GCC_INSTRUMENT = \
+  -fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize-address-use-after-scope \
+  -fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error -fstack-protector
+GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS = -DGCC_LINT -g3 -O3 -fno-common \
+  $(GCC_INSTRUMENT) \
+  -Wall -Wextra \
+  -Walloc-size-larger-than=100000 -Warray-bounds=2 \
+  -Wbad-function-cast -Wcast-align=strict -Wdate-time \
+  -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wdouble-promotion \
+  -Wformat=2 -Wformat-overflow=2 -Wformat-signedness -Wformat-truncation \
+  -Winit-self -Wjump-misses-init -Wlogical-op \
+  -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wnested-externs \
+  -Wold-style-definition -Woverlength-strings -Wpointer-arith \
+  -Wshadow -Wshift-overflow=2 -Wstrict-prototypes -Wstringop-overflow=4 \
+  -Wstringop-truncation -Wsuggest-attribute=cold \
+  -Wsuggest-attribute=const -Wsuggest-attribute=format \
+  -Wsuggest-attribute=malloc \
+  -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wsuggest-attribute=pure \
+  -Wtrampolines -Wundef -Wuninitialized -Wunused \
+  -Wvariadic-macros -Wvla -Wwrite-strings \
+  -Wno-address -Wno-format-nonliteral -Wno-sign-compare \
+  -Wno-type-limits -Wno-unused-parameter
 #
-# If you want to use System V compatibility code, add
-#	-DUSG_COMPAT
-# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  This arrange for "timezone" and "daylight"
-# variables to be kept up-to-date by the time conversion functions.  Neither
-# "timezone" nor "daylight" is described in X3J11's work.
-#
 # If your system has a "GMT offset" field in its "struct tm"s
 # (or if you decide to add such a field in your system's "time.h" file),
 # add the name to a define such as
@@ -182,6 +263,31 @@
 # and define NO_TM_ZONE to suppress any guessing.  These two fields are not
 # required by POSIX, but are widely available on GNU/Linux and BSD systems.
 #
+# The next batch of options control support for external variables
+# exported by tzcode.  In practice these variables are less useful
+# than TM_GMTOFF and TM_ZONE.  However, most of them are standardized.
+# #
+# # To omit or support the external variable "tzname", add one of:
+# #	-DHAVE_TZNAME=0
+# #	-DHAVE_TZNAME=1
+# # to the "CFLAGS=" line.  "tzname" is required by POSIX 1988 and later.
+# # If not defined, the code attempts to guess HAVE_TZNAME from other macros.
+# # Warning: unless time_tz is also defined, HAVE_TZNAME=1 can cause
+# # crashes when combined with some platforms' standard libraries,
+# # presumably due to memory allocation issues.
+# #
+# # To omit or support the external variables "timezone" and "daylight", add
+# #	-DUSG_COMPAT=0
+# #	-DUSG_COMPAT=1
+# # to the "CFLAGS=" line; "timezone" and "daylight" are inspired by
+# # Unix Systems Group code and are required by POSIX 2008 (with XSI) and later.
+# # If not defined, the code attempts to guess USG_COMPAT from other macros.
+# #
+# # To support the external variable "altzone", add
+# #	-DALTZONE
+# # to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line; although "altzone" appeared in
+# # System V Release 3.1 it has not been standardized.
+#
 # If you want functions that were inspired by early versions of X3J11's work,
 # add
 #	-DSTD_INSPIRED
@@ -219,11 +325,6 @@
 #	-DALL_STATE
 # to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  Storage is obtained by calling malloc.
 #
-# If you want an "altzone" variable (a la System V Release 3.1), add
-#	-DALTZONE
-# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
-# This variable is not described in X3J11's work.
-#
 # NIST-PCTS:151-2, Version 1.4, (1993-12-03) is a test suite put
 # out by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
 # which claims to test C and Posix conformance.  If you want to pass PCTS, add
@@ -233,14 +334,14 @@
 # If you want strict compliance with XPG4 as of 1994-04-09, add
 #	-DXPG4_1994_04_09
 # to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  This causes "strftime" to always return
-# 53 as a week number (rather than 52 or 53) for those days in January that
-# before the first Monday in January when a "%V" format is used and January 1
+# 53 as a week number (rather than 52 or 53) for January days before
+# January's first Monday when a "%V" format is used and January 1
 # falls on a Friday, Saturday, or Sunday.
 
 CFLAGS=
 
 # Linker flags.  Default to $(LFLAGS) for backwards compatibility
-# to tzcode2012h and earlier.
+# to release 2012h and earlier.
 
 LDFLAGS=	$(LFLAGS)
 
@@ -256,9 +357,9 @@
 
 ZFLAGS=
 
-# How to use zic to install tzdata binary files.
+# How to use zic to install tz binary files.
 
-ZIC_INSTALL=	$(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) -d $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR) $(LEAPSECONDS)
+ZIC_INSTALL=	$(ZIC) -d '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)' $(LEAPSECONDS)
 
 # The name of a Posix-compliant 'awk' on your system.
 AWK=		awk
@@ -272,21 +373,22 @@
 KSHELL=		/bin/bash
 
 # The path where SGML DTDs are kept and the catalog file(s) to use when
-# validating.  The default is appropriate for Ubuntu 13.10.
+# validating.  The default should work on both Debian and Red Hat.
 SGML_TOPDIR= /usr
 SGML_DTDDIR= $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/xml/w3c-sgml-lib/schema/dtd
 SGML_SEARCH_PATH= $(SGML_DTDDIR)/REC-html401-19991224
 SGML_CATALOG_FILES= \
-  $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/doc/w3-recs/html/www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/HTML4.cat
+  $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/doc/w3-recs/html/www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/HTML4.cat:$(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/sgml/html/4.01/HTML4.cat
 
 # The name, arguments and environment of a program to validate your web pages.
-# See <http://www.jclark.com/sp/> for a validator, and
-# <http://validator.w3.org/source/> for a validation library.
+# See <http://openjade.sourceforge.net/doc/> for a validator, and
+# <https://validator.w3.org/source/> for a validation library.
+# Set VALIDATE=':' if you do not have such a program.
 VALIDATE = nsgmls
 VALIDATE_FLAGS = -s -B -wall -wno-unused-param
 VALIDATE_ENV = \
-  SGML_CATALOG_FILES=$(SGML_CATALOG_FILES) \
-  SGML_SEARCH_PATH=$(SGML_SEARCH_PATH) \
+  SGML_CATALOG_FILES='$(SGML_CATALOG_FILES)' \
+  SGML_SEARCH_PATH='$(SGML_SEARCH_PATH)' \
   SP_CHARSET_FIXED=YES \
   SP_ENCODING=UTF-8
 
@@ -308,13 +410,19 @@
 SAFE_CHARSET=	$(SAFE_CHARSET1)$(SAFE_CHARSET2)$(SAFE_CHARSET3)
 SAFE_CHAR=	'[]'$(SAFE_CHARSET)'-]'
 
+# Non-ASCII non-letters that OK_CHAR allows, as these characters are
+# useful in commentary.  XEmacs 21.5.34 displays them correctly,
+# presumably because they are Latin-1.
+UNUSUAL_OK_CHARSET= °±½¾×
+
 # OK_CHAR matches any character allowed in the distributed files.
-# This is the same as SAFE_CHAR, except that multibyte letters are
-# also allowed so that commentary can contain people's names and quote
-# non-English sources.  For non-letters the sources are limited to
-# ASCII renderings for the convenience of maintainers whose text editors
-# mishandle UTF-8 by default (e.g., XEmacs 21.4.22).
-OK_CHAR=	'[][:alpha:]'$(SAFE_CHARSET)'-]'
+# This is the same as SAFE_CHAR, except that UNUSUAL_OK_CHARSET and
+# multibyte letters are also allowed so that commentary can contain a
+# few safe symbols and people's names and can quote non-English sources.
+# Other non-letters are limited to ASCII renderings for the
+# convenience of maintainers using XEmacs 21.5.34, which by default
+# mishandles Unicode characters U+0100 and greater.
+OK_CHAR=	'[][:alpha:]$(UNUSUAL_OK_CHARSET)'$(SAFE_CHARSET)'-]'
 
 # SAFE_LINE matches a line of safe characters.
 # SAFE_SHARP_LINE is similar, except any OK character can follow '#';
@@ -326,7 +434,7 @@
 
 # Flags to give 'tar' when making a distribution.
 # Try to use flags appropriate for GNU tar.
-GNUTARFLAGS=	--numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 --mode=go+u,go-w
+GNUTARFLAGS= --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 --mode=go+u,go-w --sort=name
 TARFLAGS=	`if tar $(GNUTARFLAGS) --version >/dev/null 2>&1; \
 		 then echo $(GNUTARFLAGS); \
 		 else :; \
@@ -340,7 +448,7 @@
 #MAKE=		make
 
 cc=		cc
-CC=		$(cc) -DTZDIR=\"$(TZDIR)\"
+CC=		$(cc) -DTZDIR='"$(TZDIR)"'
 
 AR=		ar
 
@@ -348,7 +456,7 @@
 RANLIB=		:
 
 TZCOBJS=	zic.o
-TZDOBJS=	zdump.o localtime.o asctime.o
+TZDOBJS=	zdump.o localtime.o asctime.o strftime.o
 DATEOBJS=	date.o localtime.o strftime.o asctime.o
 LIBSRCS=	localtime.c asctime.c difftime.c
 LIBOBJS=	localtime.o asctime.o difftime.o
@@ -363,56 +471,114 @@
 			time2posix.3.txt \
 			tzfile.5.txt tzselect.8.txt zic.8.txt zdump.8.txt \
 			date.1.txt
-COMMON=		CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile NEWS README Theory
-WEB_PAGES=	tz-art.htm tz-how-to.html tz-link.htm
+COMMON=		calendars CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile \
+			NEWS README theory.html version
+WEB_PAGES=	tz-art.html tz-how-to.html tz-link.html
 DOCS=		$(MANS) date.1 $(MANTXTS) $(WEB_PAGES)
 PRIMARY_YDATA=	africa antarctica asia australasia \
 		europe northamerica southamerica
-YDATA=		$(PRIMARY_YDATA) pacificnew etcetera backward
+YDATA=		$(PRIMARY_YDATA) etcetera
 NDATA=		systemv factory
-TDATA=		$(YDATA) $(NDATA)
+TDATA_TO_CHECK=	$(YDATA) $(NDATA) backward pacificnew
+TDATA=		$(YDATA) $(NDATA) $(BACKWARD)
 ZONETABLES=	zone1970.tab zone.tab
-TABDATA=	iso3166.tab leapseconds $(ZONETABLES)
+TABDATA=	iso3166.tab $(TZDATA_TEXT) $(ZONETABLES)
 LEAP_DEPS=	leapseconds.awk leap-seconds.list
-DATA=		$(YDATA) $(NDATA) backzone $(TABDATA) \
-			leap-seconds.list yearistype.sh
-AWK_SCRIPTS=	checklinks.awk checktab.awk leapseconds.awk
+TZDATA_ZI_DEPS=	ziguard.awk zishrink.awk version $(TDATA) $(PACKRATDATA)
+DSTDATA_ZI_DEPS= ziguard.awk $(TDATA) $(PACKRATDATA)
+DATA=		$(TDATA_TO_CHECK) backzone iso3166.tab leap-seconds.list \
+			leapseconds yearistype.sh $(ZONETABLES)
+AWK_SCRIPTS=	checklinks.awk checktab.awk leapseconds.awk \
+			ziguard.awk zishrink.awk
 MISC=		$(AWK_SCRIPTS) zoneinfo2tdf.pl
-ENCHILADA=	$(COMMON) $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) $(DATA) $(MISC)
+TZS_YEAR=	2050
+TZS=		to$(TZS_YEAR).tzs
+TZS_NEW=	to$(TZS_YEAR)new.tzs
+TZS_DEPS=	$(PRIMARY_YDATA) asctime.c localtime.c \
+			private.h tzfile.h zdump.c zic.c
+ENCHILADA=	$(COMMON) $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) $(DATA) $(MISC) $(TZS) tzdata.zi
 
+# Consult these files when deciding whether to rebuild the 'version' file.
+# This list is not the same as the output of 'git ls-files', since
+# .gitignore is not distributed.
+VERSION_DEPS= \
+		calendars CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile NEWS README \
+		africa antarctica asctime.c asia australasia \
+		backward backzone \
+		checklinks.awk checktab.awk \
+		date.1 date.c difftime.c \
+		etcetera europe factory iso3166.tab \
+		leap-seconds.list leapseconds.awk localtime.c \
+		newctime.3 newstrftime.3 newtzset.3 northamerica \
+		pacificnew private.h \
+		southamerica strftime.c systemv theory.html \
+		time2posix.3 tz-art.html tz-how-to.html tz-link.html \
+		tzfile.5 tzfile.h tzselect.8 tzselect.ksh \
+		workman.sh yearistype.sh \
+		zdump.8 zdump.c zic.8 zic.c \
+		ziguard.awk zishrink.awk \
+		zone.tab zone1970.tab zoneinfo2tdf.pl
+
 # And for the benefit of csh users on systems that assume the user
 # shell should be used to handle commands in Makefiles. . .
 
 SHELL=		/bin/sh
 
-all:		tzselect yearistype zic zdump libtz.a $(TABDATA)
+all:		tzselect yearistype zic zdump libtz.a $(TABDATA) \
+		  vanguard.zi main.zi rearguard.zi
 
 ALL:		all date $(ENCHILADA)
 
 install:	all $(DATA) $(REDO) $(MANS)
-		mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(ETCDIR) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR) \
-			$(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR) \
-			$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5 \
-			$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8
-		$(ZIC_INSTALL) -l $(LOCALTIME) -p $(POSIXRULES)
-		cp -f iso3166.tab $(ZONETABLES) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)/.
-		cp tzselect zic zdump $(DESTDIR)$(ETCDIR)/.
-		cp libtz.a $(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/.
-		$(RANLIB) $(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/libtz.a
-		cp -f newctime.3 newtzset.3 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3/.
-		cp -f tzfile.5 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5/.
-		cp -f tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8/.
+		mkdir -p '$(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)' \
+			'$(DESTDIR)$(ZDUMPDIR)' '$(DESTDIR)$(ZICDIR)' \
+			'$(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)' \
+			'$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3' '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5' \
+			'$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8'
+		$(ZIC_INSTALL) -l $(LOCALTIME) -p $(POSIXRULES) \
+			-t '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDEFAULT)'
+		cp -f $(TABDATA) '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)/.'
+		cp tzselect '$(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/.'
+		cp zdump '$(DESTDIR)$(ZDUMPDIR)/.'
+		cp zic '$(DESTDIR)$(ZICDIR)/.'
+		cp libtz.a '$(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/.'
+		$(RANLIB) '$(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/libtz.a'
+		cp -f newctime.3 newtzset.3 '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3/.'
+		cp -f tzfile.5 '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5/.'
+		cp -f tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8/.'
 
 INSTALL:	ALL install date.1
-		mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR) $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1
-		cp date $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/.
-		cp -f date.1 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1/.
+		mkdir -p '$(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)' '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1'
+		cp date '$(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/.'
+		cp -f date.1 '$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1/.'
 
-version.h:
-		(echo 'static char const PKGVERSION[]="($(PACKAGE)) ";' && \
-		 echo 'static char const TZVERSION[]="$(VERSION)";' && \
-		 echo 'static char const REPORT_BUGS_TO[]="$(BUGEMAIL)";') >$@
+version:	$(VERSION_DEPS)
+		{ (type git) >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+		  V=`git describe --match '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][a-z]*' \
+				--abbrev=7 --dirty` || \
+		  V='$(VERSION)'; } && \
+		printf '%s\n' "$$V" >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
+# These files can be tailored by setting BACKWARD, PACKRATDATA, etc.
+vanguard.zi main.zi rearguard.zi: $(DSTDATA_ZI_DEPS)
+		$(AWK) -v DATAFORM=`expr $@ : '\(.*\).zi'` -f ziguard.awk \
+		  $(TDATA) $(PACKRATDATA) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+tzdata.zi:	$(DATAFORM).zi version
+		version=`sed 1q version` && \
+		  LC_ALL=C $(AWK) -v version="$$version" -f zishrink.awk \
+		    $(DATAFORM).zi >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+version.h:	version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && printf '%s\n' \
+		  'static char const PKGVERSION[]="($(PACKAGE)) ";' \
+		  "static char const TZVERSION[]=\"$$VERSION\";" \
+		  'static char const REPORT_BUGS_TO[]="$(BUGEMAIL)";' \
+		  >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
 zdump:		$(TZDOBJS)
 		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(TZDOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
 
@@ -424,23 +590,24 @@
 		chmod +x yearistype
 
 leapseconds:	$(LEAP_DEPS)
-		$(AWK) -f leapseconds.awk leap-seconds.list >$@
+		$(AWK) -f leapseconds.awk leap-seconds.list >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
 # Arguments to pass to submakes of install_data.
 # They can be overridden by later submake arguments.
 INSTALLARGS = \
- DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR) \
+ BACKWARD='$(BACKWARD)' \
+ DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR)' \
  LEAPSECONDS='$(LEAPSECONDS)' \
  PACKRATDATA='$(PACKRATDATA)' \
- TZDIR=$(TZDIR) \
- YEARISTYPE=$(YEARISTYPE) \
+ TZDEFAULT='$(TZDEFAULT)' \
+ TZDIR='$(TZDIR)' \
+ YEARISTYPE='$(YEARISTYPE)' \
  ZIC='$(ZIC)'
 
 # 'make install_data' installs one set of tz binary files.
-# It can be tailored by setting LEAPSECONDS, PACKRATDATA, etc.
-install_data:	zic leapseconds yearistype $(PACKRATDATA) $(TDATA)
-		$(ZIC_INSTALL) $(TDATA)
-		$(AWK) '/^Rule/' $(TDATA) | $(ZIC_INSTALL) - $(PACKRATDATA)
+install_data:	zic leapseconds yearistype tzdata.zi
+		$(ZIC_INSTALL) tzdata.zi
 
 posix_only:
 		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) LEAPSECONDS= install_data
@@ -459,16 +626,16 @@
 # You must replace all of $(TZDIR) to switch from not using leap seconds
 # to using them, or vice versa.
 right_posix:	right_only
-		rm -fr $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps
-		ln -s $(TZDIR_BASENAME) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps || \
-		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-leaps right_only
-		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-posix posix_only
+		rm -fr '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps'
+		ln -s '$(TZDIR_BASENAME)' '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps' || \
+		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR='$(TZDIR)-leaps' right_only
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR='$(TZDIR)-posix' posix_only
 
 posix_right:	posix_only
-		rm -fr $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix
-		ln -s $(TZDIR_BASENAME) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix || \
-		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-posix posix_only
-		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-leaps right_only
+		rm -fr '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix'
+		ln -s '$(TZDIR_BASENAME)' '$(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix' || \
+		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR='$(TZDIR)-posix' posix_only
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR='$(TZDIR)-leaps' right_only
 
 # This obsolescent rule is present for backwards compatibility with
 # tz releases 2014g through 2015g.  It should go away eventually.
@@ -477,40 +644,94 @@
 
 zones:		$(REDO)
 
+# dummy.zd is not a real file; it is mentioned here only so that the
+# top-level 'make' does not have a syntax error.
+ZDS = dummy.zd
+# Rule used only by submakes invoked by the $(TZS_NEW) rule.
+# It is separate so that GNU 'make -j' can run instances in parallel.
+$(ZDS): zdump
+		./zdump -i -c $(TZS_YEAR) '$(wd)/'$$(expr $@ : '\(.*\).zd') >$@
+
+$(TZS_NEW):	tzdata.zi zdump zic
+		rm -fr tzs.dir
+		mkdir tzs.dir
+		$(zic) -d tzs.dir tzdata.zi
+		$(AWK) '/^L/{print "Link\t" $$2 "\t" $$3}' \
+		   tzdata.zi | LC_ALL=C sort >$@.out
+		wd=`pwd` && \
+		set x `$(AWK) '/^Z/{print "tzs.dir/" $$2 ".zd"}' tzdata.zi \
+			| LC_ALL=C sort -t . -k 2,2` && \
+		shift && \
+		ZDS=$$* && \
+		$(MAKE) wd="$$wd" TZS_YEAR=$(TZS_YEAR) ZDS="$$ZDS" $$ZDS && \
+		sed 's,^TZ=".*tzs\.dir/,TZ=",' $$ZDS >>$@.out
+		rm -fr tzs.dir
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+# If $(TZS) does not already exist (e.g., old-format tarballs), create it.
+# If it exists but 'make check_tzs' fails, a maintainer should inspect the
+# failed output and fix the inconsistency, perhaps by running 'make force_tzs'.
+$(TZS):
+		$(MAKE) force_tzs
+
+force_tzs:	$(TZS_NEW)
+		cp $(TZS_NEW) $(TZS)
+
 libtz.a:	$(LIBOBJS)
-		$(AR) ru $@ $(LIBOBJS)
+		rm -f $@
+		$(AR) -rc $@ $(LIBOBJS)
 		$(RANLIB) $@
 
 date:		$(DATEOBJS)
 		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(DATEOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
 
-tzselect:	tzselect.ksh
-		sed \
+tzselect:	tzselect.ksh version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && sed \
 			-e 's|#!/bin/bash|#!$(KSHELL)|g' \
 			-e 's|AWK=[^}]*|AWK=$(AWK)|g' \
 			-e 's|\(PKGVERSION\)=.*|\1='\''($(PACKAGE)) '\''|' \
 			-e 's|\(REPORT_BUGS_TO\)=.*|\1=$(BUGEMAIL)|' \
 			-e 's|TZDIR=[^}]*|TZDIR=$(TZDIR)|' \
-			-e 's|\(TZVERSION\)=.*|\1=$(VERSION)|' \
-			<$? >$@
-		chmod +x $@
+			-e 's|\(TZVERSION\)=.*|\1='"$$VERSION"'|' \
+			<$@.ksh >$@.out
+		chmod +x $@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
-check:		check_character_set check_white_space check_links check_sorted \
-		  check_tables check_web
+check:		check_character_set check_white_space check_links \
+		  check_name_lengths check_sorted \
+		  check_tables check_web check_zishrink check_tzs
 
 check_character_set: $(ENCHILADA)
-		LC_ALL=en_US.utf8 && export LC_ALL && \
+	test ! '$(UTF8_LOCALE)' || \
+	! printf 'A\304\200B\n' | \
+	  LC_ALL='$(UTF8_LOCALE)' grep -q '^A.B$$' >/dev/null 2>&1 || { \
+		LC_ALL='$(UTF8_LOCALE)' && export LC_ALL && \
 		sharp='#' && \
-		! grep -Env $(SAFE_LINE) Makefile $(MANS) date.1 $(MANTXTS) \
-			$(MISC) $(SOURCES) $(WEB_PAGES) && \
-		! grep -Env $(SAFE_SHARP_LINE) $(TDATA) backzone \
+		! grep -Env $(SAFE_LINE) $(MANS) date.1 $(MANTXTS) \
+			$(MISC) $(SOURCES) $(WEB_PAGES) \
+			CONTRIBUTING LICENSE README \
+			version tzdata.zi && \
+		! grep -Env $(SAFE_LINE)'|^UNUSUAL_OK_CHARSET='$(OK_CHAR)'*$$' \
+			Makefile && \
+		! grep -Env $(SAFE_SHARP_LINE) $(TDATA_TO_CHECK) backzone \
 			leapseconds yearistype.sh zone.tab && \
-		! grep -Env $(OK_LINE) $(ENCHILADA)
+		! grep -Env $(OK_LINE) $(ENCHILADA); \
+	}
 
 check_white_space: $(ENCHILADA)
-		! grep -En ' '$(TAB_CHAR)"|$$(printf '[\f\r\v]')" $(ENCHILADA)
-		! grep -n '[[:space:]]$$' $(ENCHILADA)
+		patfmt=' \t|[\f\r\v]' && pat=`printf "$$patfmt\\n"` && \
+		! grep -En "$$pat" $(ENCHILADA)
+		! grep -n '[[:space:]]$$' \
+			$$(ls $(ENCHILADA) | grep -Fvx leap-seconds.list)
 
+PRECEDES_FILE_NAME = ^(Zone|Link[[:space:]]+[^[:space:]]+)[[:space:]]+
+FILE_NAME_COMPONENT_TOO_LONG = \
+  $(PRECEDES_FILE_NAME)[^[:space:]]*[^/[:space:]]{15}
+
+check_name_lengths: $(TDATA_TO_CHECK) backzone
+		! grep -En '$(FILE_NAME_COMPONENT_TOO_LONG)' \
+			$(TDATA_TO_CHECK) backzone
+
 CHECK_CC_LIST = { n = split($$1,a,/,/); for (i=2; i<=n; i++) print a[1], a[i]; }
 
 check_sorted: backward backzone iso3166.tab zone.tab zone1970.tab
@@ -523,8 +744,9 @@
 		$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ $(CHECK_CC_LIST)' zone1970.tab | \
 		  LC_ALL=C sort -cu
 
-check_links:	checklinks.awk $(TDATA)
-		$(AWK) -f checklinks.awk $(TDATA)
+check_links:	checklinks.awk $(TDATA_TO_CHECK) tzdata.zi
+		$(AWK) -f checklinks.awk $(TDATA_TO_CHECK)
+		$(AWK) -f checklinks.awk tzdata.zi
 
 check_tables:	checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA) $(ZONETABLES)
 		for tab in $(ZONETABLES); do \
@@ -532,19 +754,49 @@
 		    || exit; \
 		done
 
-check_web:	$(WEB_PAGES)
-		$(VALIDATE_ENV) $(VALIDATE) $(VALIDATE_FLAGS) $(WEB_PAGES)
+check_tzs:	$(TZS) $(TZS_NEW)
+		diff -u $(TZS) $(TZS_NEW)
 
+# This checks only the HTML 4.01 strict page.
+# To check the the other pages, use <https://validator.w3.org/>.
+check_web:	tz-how-to.html
+		$(VALIDATE_ENV) $(VALIDATE) $(VALIDATE_FLAGS) tz-how-to.html
+
+# Check that zishrink.awk does not alter the data, and that ziguard.awk
+# preserves main-format data.
+check_zishrink: zic leapseconds $(PACKRATDATA) $(TDATA) \
+		  $(DATAFORM).zi tzdata.zi
+		for type in posix right; do \
+		  mkdir -p time_t.dir/$$type time_t.dir/$$type-t \
+		    time_t.dir/$$type-shrunk && \
+		  case $$type in \
+		    right) leap='-L leapseconds';; \
+	            *) leap=;; \
+		  esac && \
+		  $(ZIC) $$leap -d time_t.dir/$$type $(DATAFORM).zi && \
+		  case $(DATAFORM) in \
+		    main) \
+		      $(ZIC) $$leap -d time_t.dir/$$type-t $(TDATA) && \
+		      $(AWK) '/^Rule/' $(TDATA) | \
+			$(ZIC) $$leap -d time_t.dir/$$type-t - \
+			  $(PACKRATDATA) && \
+		      diff -r time_t.dir/$$type time_t.dir/$$type-t;; \
+		  esac && \
+		  $(ZIC) $$leap -d time_t.dir/$$type-shrunk tzdata.zi && \
+		  diff -r time_t.dir/$$type time_t.dir/$$type-shrunk || exit; \
+		done
+		rm -fr time_t.dir
+
 clean_misc:
 		rm -f core *.o *.out \
 		  date tzselect version.h zdump zic yearistype libtz.a
 clean:		clean_misc
-		rm -fr tzpublic
+		rm -fr *.dir *.zi tzdb-*/ $(TZS_NEW)
 
 maintainer-clean: clean
 		@echo 'This command is intended for maintainers to use; it'
 		@echo 'deletes files that may need special tools to rebuild.'
-		rm -f leapseconds $(MANTXTS) *.asc *.tar.gz
+		rm -f leapseconds version $(MANTXTS) $(TZS) *.asc *.tar.*
 
 names:
 		@echo $(ENCHILADA)
@@ -563,7 +815,8 @@
 zic.8.txt:	zic.8
 
 $(MANTXTS):	workman.sh
-		LC_ALL=C sh workman.sh `expr $@ : '\(.*\)\.txt$$'` >$@
+		LC_ALL=C sh workman.sh `expr $@ : '\(.*\)\.txt$$'` >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
 # Set the time stamps to those of the git repository, if available,
 # and if the files have not changed since then.
@@ -574,7 +827,8 @@
 # to be the maximum of the files it depends on.
 set-timestamps.out: $(ENCHILADA)
 		rm -f $@
-		if files=`git ls-files $(ENCHILADA)` && \
+		if (type git) >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+		   files=`git ls-files $(ENCHILADA)` && \
 		   touch -md @1 test.out; then \
 		  rm -f test.out && \
 		  for file in $$files; do \
@@ -591,6 +845,9 @@
 		  touch -cmr `ls -t $$file workman.sh | sed 1q` $$file.txt || \
 		    exit; \
 		done
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(TZDATA_ZI_DEPS) | sed 1q` tzdata.zi
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(TZS_DEPS) | sed 1q` $(TZS)
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(VERSION_DEPS) | sed 1q` version
 		touch $@
 
 # The zics below ensure that each data file can stand on its own.
@@ -598,13 +855,13 @@
 
 check_public:
 		$(MAKE) maintainer-clean
-		$(MAKE) "CFLAGS=$(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS)" ALL
-		mkdir tzpublic
-		for i in $(TDATA) ; do \
-		  $(zic) -v -d tzpublic $$i 2>&1 || exit; \
+		$(MAKE) CFLAGS='$(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS)' ALL
+		mkdir -p public.dir
+		for i in $(TDATA_TO_CHECK) tzdata.zi; do \
+		  $(zic) -v -d public.dir $$i 2>&1 || exit; \
 		done
-		$(zic) -v -d tzpublic $(TDATA)
-		rm -fr tzpublic
+		$(zic) -v -d public.dir $(TDATA_TO_CHECK)
+		rm -fr public.dir
 
 # Check that the code works under various alternative
 # implementations of time_t.
@@ -614,17 +871,21 @@
 		else \
 		  quiet_option=''; \
 		fi && \
+		wd=`pwd` && \
 		zones=`$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ { print $$3 }' <zone1970.tab` && \
 		for type in $(TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES); do \
-		  mkdir -p tzpublic/$$type && \
+		  mkdir -p time_t.dir/$$type && \
 		  $(MAKE) clean_misc && \
-		  $(MAKE) TOPDIR=`pwd`/tzpublic/$$type \
+		  $(MAKE) TOPDIR="$$wd/time_t.dir/$$type" \
 		    CFLAGS='$(CFLAGS) -Dtime_tz='"'$$type'" \
 		    REDO='$(REDO)' \
 		    install && \
 		  diff $$quiet_option -r \
-		    tzpublic/int64_t/etc/zoneinfo \
-		    tzpublic/$$type/etc/zoneinfo && \
+		    time_t.dir/int64_t/etc \
+		    time_t.dir/$$type/etc && \
+		  diff $$quiet_option -r \
+		    time_t.dir/int64_t/usr/share \
+		    time_t.dir/$$type/usr/share && \
 		  case $$type in \
 		  int32_t) range=-2147483648,2147483647;; \
 		  uint32_t) range=0,4294967296;; \
@@ -633,34 +894,84 @@
 		  *) range=-10000000000,10000000000;; \
 		  esac && \
 		  echo checking $$type zones ... && \
-		  tzpublic/int64_t/etc/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
-		      >tzpublic/int64_t.out && \
-		  tzpublic/$$type/etc/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
-		      >tzpublic/$$type.out && \
-		  diff -u tzpublic/int64_t.out tzpublic/$$type.out \
+		  time_t.dir/int64_t/usr/bin/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
+		      >time_t.dir/int64_t.out && \
+		  time_t.dir/$$type/usr/bin/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
+		      >time_t.dir/$$type.out && \
+		  diff -u time_t.dir/int64_t.out time_t.dir/$$type.out \
 		    || exit; \
 		done
-		rm -fr tzpublic
+		rm -fr time_t.dir
 
-tarballs:	tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz
+TRADITIONAL_ASC = \
+  tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc \
+  tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc
+ALL_ASC = $(TRADITIONAL_ASC) \
+  tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.tar.gz.asc \
+  tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz.asc
 
+tarballs traditional_tarballs signatures traditional_signatures: version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && \
+		$(MAKE) VERSION="$$VERSION" $@_version
+
+# These *_version rules are intended for use if VERSION is set by some
+# other means.  Ordinarily these rules are used only by the above
+# non-_version rules, which set VERSION on the 'make' command line.
+tarballs_version: traditional_tarballs_version \
+  tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.tar.gz \
+  tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz
+traditional_tarballs_version: \
+  tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz
+signatures_version: $(ALL_ASC)
+traditional_signatures_version: $(TRADITIONAL_ASC)
+
 tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz: set-timestamps.out
 		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
 		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - \
 		    $(COMMON) $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) | \
-		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) > $@
+		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
 tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz: set-timestamps.out
 		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
 		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - $(COMMON) $(DATA) $(MISC) | \
-		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) > $@
+		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
-signatures:	tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc
+tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.tar.gz: rearguard.zi set-timestamps.out
+		rm -fr tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir
+		mkdir tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir
+		ln $(COMMON) $(DATA) $(MISC) tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir
+		cd tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir && \
+		  rm -f $(TDATA) $(PACKRATDATA) version
+		for f in $(TDATA) $(PACKRATDATA); do \
+		  rearf=tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir/$$f; \
+		  $(AWK) -v DATAFORM=rearguard -f ziguard.awk $$f >$$rearf && \
+		  touch -cmr `ls -t ziguard.awk $$f` $$rearf || exit; \
+		done
+		sed '1s/$$/-rearguard/' \
+		  <version >tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir/version
+		touch -cmr version tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir/version
+		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
+		  (cd tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.dir && \
+		   tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - $(COMMON) $(DATA) $(MISC) | \
+		     gzip $(GZIPFLAGS)) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
 
+tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz: set-timestamps.out
+		rm -fr tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		mkdir tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		ln $(ENCHILADA) tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		touch -cmr `ls -t tzdb-$(VERSION)/* | sed 1q` tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
+		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - tzdb-$(VERSION) | lzip -9 >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
 tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc: tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz
-		gpg --armor --detach-sign $?
-
 tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc: tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz
+tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.tar.gz.asc: tzdata$(VERSION)-rearguard.tar.gz
+tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz.asc: tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz
+$(ALL_ASC):
 		gpg --armor --detach-sign $?
 
 typecheck:
@@ -672,8 +983,8 @@
 			$(MAKE) clean ; \
 		done
 
-zonenames:	$(TDATA)
-		@$(AWK) '/^Zone/ { print $$2 } /^Link/ { print $$3 }' $(TDATA)
+zonenames:	tzdata.zi
+		@$(AWK) '/^Z/ { print $$2 } /^L/ { print $$3 }' tzdata.zi
 
 asctime.o:	private.h tzfile.h
 date.o:		private.h
@@ -686,10 +997,17 @@
 .KEEP_STATE:
 
 .PHONY: ALL INSTALL all
-.PHONY: check check_character_set check_links
+.PHONY: check check_character_set check_links check_name_lengths
 .PHONY: check_public check_sorted check_tables
-.PHONY: check_time_t_alternatives check_web check_white_space clean clean_misc
+.PHONY: check_time_t_alternatives check_tzs check_web check_white_space
+.PHONY: check_zishrink
+.PHONY: clean clean_misc dummy.zd force_tzs
 .PHONY: install install_data maintainer-clean names
 .PHONY: posix_only posix_packrat posix_right
-.PHONY: public right_only right_posix signatures tarballs typecheck
+.PHONY: public right_only right_posix signatures signatures_version
+.PHONY: tarballs tarballs_version
+.PHONY: traditional_signatures traditional_signatures_version
+.PHONY: traditional_tarballs traditional_tarballs_version
+.PHONY: typecheck
 .PHONY: zonenames zones
+.PHONY: $(ZDS)

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/NEWS
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/NEWS	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/NEWS	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,5 +1,927 @@
 News for the tz database
 
+Release 2018e - 2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700
+
+  Briefly:
+
+    North Korea switches back to +09 on 2018-05-05.
+    The main format uses negative DST again, for Ireland etc.
+    'make tarballs' now also builds a rearguard tarball.
+    New 's' and 'd' suffixes in SAVE columns of Rule and Zone lines.
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    North Korea switches back from +0830 to +09 on 2018-05-05.
+    (Thanks to Kang Seonghoon, Arthur David Olson, Seo Sanghyeon,
+    and Tim Parenti.)
+
+    Bring back the negative-DST changes of 2018a, except be more
+    compatible with data parsers that do not support negative DST.
+    Also, this now affects historical time stamps in Namibia and the
+    former Czechoslovakia, not just Ireland.  The main format now uses
+    negative DST to model time stamps in Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on),
+    Europe/Prague (1946/7), and Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This
+    does not affect UT offsets, only time zone abbreviations and the
+    tm_isdst flag.  Also, this does not affect rearguard or vanguard
+    formats; effectively the main format now uses vanguard instead of
+    rearguard format.  Data parsers that do not support negative DST
+    can still use data from the rearguard tarball described below.
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    The command 'make tarballs' now also builds the tarball
+    tzdataVERSION-rearguard.tar.gz, which is like tzdataVERSION.tar.gz
+    except that it uses rearguard format intended for trailing-edge
+    data parsers.
+
+  Changes to data format and to code
+
+    The SAVE column of Rule and Zone lines can now have an 's' or 'd'
+    suffix, which specifies whether the adjusted time is standard time
+    or daylight saving time.  If no suffix is given, daylight saving
+    time is used if and only if the SAVE column is nonzero; this is
+    the longstanding behavior.  Although this new feature is not used
+    in tzdata, it could be used to specify the legal time in Namibia
+    1994-2017, as opposed to the popular time (see below).
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    From 1994 through 2017 Namibia observed DST in winter, not summer.
+    That is, it used negative DST, as Ireland still does.  This change
+    does not affect UTC offsets; it affects only the tm_isdst flag and
+    the abbreviation used during summer, which is now CAT, not WAST.
+    Although (as noted by Michael Deckers) summer and winter time were
+    both simply called "standard time" in Namibian law, in common
+    practice winter time was considered to be DST (as noted by Stephen
+    Colebourne).  The full effect of this change is only in vanguard
+    format; in rearguard and main format, the tm_isdst flag is still
+    zero in winter and nonzero in summer.
+
+    In 1946/7 Czechoslovakia also observed negative DST in winter.
+    The full effect of this change is only in vanguard format; in
+    rearguard and main formats, it is modeled as plain GMT without
+    daylight saving.  Also, the dates of some 1944/5 DST transitions
+    in Czechoslovakia have been changed.
+
+
+Release 2018d - 2018-03-22 07:05:46 -0700
+
+  Briefly:
+
+  Palestine starts DST a week earlier in 2018.
+  Add support for vanguard and rearguard data consumers.
+  Add subsecond precision to source data format, though not to data.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    In 2018, Palestine starts DST on March 24, not March 31.
+    Adjust future predictions accordingly.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    Casey Station in Antarctica changed from +11 to +08 on 2018-03-11
+    at 04:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Historical transitions for Uruguay, represented by
+    America/Montevideo, have been updated per official legal documents,
+    replacing previous data mainly originating from the inventions of
+    Shanks & Pottenger.  This has resulted in adjustments ranging from
+    30 to 90 minutes in either direction over at least two dozen
+    distinct periods ranging from one day to several years in length.
+    A mere handful of pre-1991 transitions are unaffected; data since
+    then has come from more reliable contemporaneous reporting.  These
+    changes affect various timestamps in 1920-1923, 1936, 1939,
+    1942-1943, 1959, 1966-1970, 1972, 1974-1980, and 1988-1990.
+    Additionally, Uruguay's pre-standard-time UT offset has been
+    adjusted westward by 7 seconds, from UT-03:44:44 to UT-03:44:51, to
+    match the location of the Observatory of the National Meteorological
+    Institute in Montevideo.
+    (Thanks to Jeremie Bonjour, Tim Parenti, and Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Enderbury and Kiritimati skipped New Year's Eve 1994, not
+    New Year's Day 1995.  (Thanks to Kerry Shetline.)
+
+    Fix the 1912-01-01 transition for Portugal and its colonies.
+    This transition was at 00:00 according to the new UT offset, not
+    according to the old one.  Also assume that Cape Verde switched on
+    the same date as the rest, not in 1907.  This affects
+    Africa/Bissau, Africa/Sao_Tome, Asia/Macau, Atlantic/Azores,
+    Atlantic/Cape_Verde, Atlantic/Madeira, and Europe/Lisbon.
+    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Fix an off-by-1 error for pre-1913 timestamps in Jamaica and in
+    Turks & Caicos.
+
+  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
+
+    MMT took effect in Uruguay from 1908-06-10, not 1898-06-28.  There
+    is no clock change associated with the transition.
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    The new DATAFORM macro in the Makefile lets the installer choose
+    among three source data formats.  The idea is to lessen downstream
+    disruption when data formats are improved.
+
+    * DATAFORM=vanguard installs from the latest, bleeding-edge
+      format.  DATAFORM=main (the default) installs from the format
+      used in the 'africa' etc. files.  DATAFORM=rearguard installs
+      from a trailing-edge format.  Eventually, elements of today's
+      vanguard format should move to the main format, and similarly
+      the main format's features should eventually move to the
+      rearguard format.
+
+    * In the current version, the main and rearguard formats are
+      identical and match that of 2018c, so this change does not
+      affect default behavior.  The vanguard format currently contains
+      one feature not in the main format: negative SAVE values.  This
+      improves support for Ireland, which uses Irish Standard Time
+      (IST, UTC+01) in summer and GMT (UTC) in winter.  tzcode has
+      supported negative SAVE values for decades, and this feature
+      should move to the main format soon.  However, it will not move
+      to the rearguard format for quite some time because some
+      downstream parsers do not support it.
+
+    * The build procedure constructs three files vanguard.zi, main.zi,
+      and rearguard.zi, one for each format.  The files represent the
+      same data as closely as the formats allow.  These three files
+      are intended for downstream data consumers and are not
+      installed.  Zoneinfo parsers that do not support negative SAVE values
+      should start using rearguard.zi, so that they will be unaffected
+      when the negative-DST feature moves from vanguard to main.
+      Bleeding-edge Zoneinfo parsers that support the new features
+      already can use vanguard.zi; in this respect, current tzcode is
+      bleeding-edge.
+
+    The Makefile should now be safe for parallelized builds, and 'make
+    -j to2050new.tzs' is now much faster on a multiprocessor host
+    with GNU Make.
+
+    When built with -DSUPPRESS_TZDIR, the tzcode library no longer
+    prepends TZDIR/ to file names that do not begin with '/'.  This is
+    not recommended for general use, due to its security implications.
+    (From a suggestion by Manuela Friedrich.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic now accepts subsecond precision in expressions like
+    00:19:32.13, which is approximately the legal time of the
+    Netherlands from 1835 to 1937.  However, because it is
+    questionable whether the few recorded uses of non-integer offsets
+    had subsecond precision in practice, there are no plans for tzdata
+    to use this feature.  (Thanks to Steve Allen for pointing out
+    the limitations of historical data in this area.)
+
+    The code is a bit more portable to MS-Windows.  Installers can
+    compile with -DRESERVE_STD_EXT_IDS on MS-Windows platforms that
+    reserve identifiers like 'localtime'.  (Thanks to Manuela
+    Friedrich).
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    theory.html now outlines tzdb's extensions to POSIX's model for
+    civil time, and has a section "POSIX features no longer needed"
+    that lists POSIX API components that are now vestigial.
+    (From suggestions by Steve Summit.)  It also better distinguishes
+    time zones from tz regions.  (From a suggestion by Guy Harris.)
+
+    Commentary is now more consistent about using the phrase "daylight
+    saving time", to match the C name tm_isdst.  Daylight saving time
+    need not occur in summer, and need not have a positive offset from
+    standard time.
+
+    Commentary about historical transitions in Uruguay has been expanded
+    with links to many relevant legal documents.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+    Commentary now uses some non-ASCII characters with Unicode value
+    less than U+0100, as they can be useful and should work even with
+    older editors such as XEmacs.
+
+
+Release 2018c - 2018-01-22 23:00:44 -0800
+
+  Briefly:
+  Revert Irish changes that relied on negative SAVE values.
+
+  Changes to tm_isdst
+
+    Revert the 2018a change to Europe/Dublin.  As before, this change
+    does not affect UT offsets or abbreviations; it affects only
+    whether timestamps are considered to be standard time or
+    daylight-saving time, as expressed in the tm_isdst flag of C's
+    struct tm type.  This reversion is intended to be a temporary
+    workaround for problems discovered with downstream uses of
+    releases 2018a and 2018b, which implemented Irish time by using
+    negative SAVE values in the Eire rules of the 'europe' file.
+    Although negative SAVE values have been part of tzcode for many
+    years and are supported by many platforms, they were not
+    documented before 2018a and ICU and OpenJDK do not currently
+    support them.  A mechanism to export data to platforms lacking
+    support for negative DST is planned to be developed before the
+    change is reapplied.  (Problems reported by Deborah Goldsmith and
+    Stephen Colebourne.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Japanese DST transitions (1948-1951) were Sundays at 00:00, not
+    Saturdays or Sundays at 02:00.  (Thanks to Takayuki Nikai.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    The build procedure now works around mawk 1.3.3's lack of support
+    for character class expressions.  (Problem reported by Ohyama.)
+
+
+Release 2018b - 2018-01-17 23:24:48 -0800
+
+  Briefly:
+  Fix a packaging problem in tz2018a, which was missing 'pacificnew'.
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    The distribution now contains the file 'pacificnew' again.
+    This file was inadvertantly omitted in the 2018a distribution.
+    (Problem reported by Matias Fonzo.)
+
+
+Release 2018a - 2018-01-12 22:29:21 -0800
+
+  Briefly:
+  São Tomé and Príncipe switched from +00 to +01.
+  Brazil's DST will now start on November's first Sunday.
+  Ireland's standard time is now in the summer, not the winter.
+  Use Debian-style installation locations, instead of 4.3BSD-style.
+  New zic option -t.
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    São Tomé and Príncipe switched from +00 to +01 on 2018-01-01 at
+    01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Michael Deckers.)
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Starting in 2018 southern Brazil will begin DST on November's
+    first Sunday instead of October's third Sunday.  (Thanks to
+    Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    A discrepancy of 4 s in timestamps before 1931 in South Sudan has
+    been corrected.  The 'backzone' and 'zone.tab' files did not agree
+    with the 'africa' and 'zone1970.tab' files.  (Problem reported by
+    Michael Deckers.)
+
+    The abbreviation invented for Bolivia Summer Time (1931-2) is now
+    BST instead of BOST, to be more consistent with the convention
+    used for Latvian Summer Time (1918-9) and for British Summer Time.
+
+  Changes to tm_isdst
+
+    Change Europe/Dublin so that it observes Irish Standard Time (UT
+    +01) in summer and GMT (as negative daylight-saving) in winter,
+    instead of observing standard time (GMT) in winter and Irish
+    Summer Time (UT +01) in summer.  This change does not affect UT
+    offsets or abbreviations; it affects only whether timestamps are
+    considered to be standard time or daylight-saving time, as
+    expressed in the tm_isdst flag of C's struct tm type.
+    (Discrepancy noted by Derick Rethans.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    The default installation locations have been changed to mostly
+    match Debian circa 2017, instead of being designed as an add-on to
+    4.3BSD circa 1986.  This affects the Makefile macros TOPDIR,
+    TZDIR, MANDIR, and LIBDIR.  New Makefile macros TZDEFAULT, USRDIR,
+    USRSHAREDIR, BINDIR, ZDUMPDIR, and ZICDIR let installers tailor
+    locations more precisely.  (This responds to suggestions from
+    Brian Inglis and from Steve Summit.)
+
+    The default installation procedure no longer creates the
+    backward-compatibility link US/Pacific-New, which causes
+    confusion during user setup (e.g., see Debian bug 815200).
+    Use 'make BACKWARD="backward pacificnew"' to create the link
+    anyway, for now.  Eventually we plan to remove the link entirely.
+
+    tzdata.zi now contains a version-number comment.
+    (Suggested by Tom Lane.)
+
+    The Makefile now quotes values like BACKWARD more carefully when
+    passing them to the shell.  (Problem reported by Zefram.)
+
+    Builders no longer need to specify -DHAVE_SNPRINTF on platforms
+    that have snprintf and use pre-C99 compilers.  (Problem reported
+    by Jon Skeet.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic has a new option -t FILE that specifies the location of the
+    file that determines local time when TZ is unset.  The default for
+    this location can be configured via the new TZDEFAULT makefile
+    macro, which defaults to /etc/localtime.
+
+    Diagnostics and commentary now distinguish UT from UTC more
+    carefully; see theory.html for more information about UT vs UTC.
+
+    zic has been ported to GCC 8's -Wstringop-truncation option.
+    (Problem reported by Martin Sebor.)
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    The zic man page now documents the longstanding behavior that
+    times and years can be out of the usual range, with negative times
+    counting backwards from midnight and with year 0 preceding year 1.
+    (Problem reported by Michael Deckers.)
+
+    The theory.html file now mentions the POSIX limit of six chars
+    per abbreviation, and lists alphabetic abbreviations used.
+
+    The files tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm have been renamed to
+    tz-art.html and tz-link.html, respectively, for consistency with
+    other file names and to simplify web server configuration.
+
+
+Release 2017c - 2017-10-20 14:49:34 -0700
+
+  Briefly:
+  Northern Cyprus switches from +03 to +02/+03 on 2017-10-29.
+  Fiji ends DST 2018-01-14, not 2018-01-21.
+  Namibia switches from +01/+02 to +02 on 2018-04-01.
+  Sudan switches from +03 to +02 on 2017-11-01.
+  Tonga likely switches from +13/+14 to +13 on 2017-11-05.
+  Turks & Caicos switches from -04 to -05/-04 on 2018-11-04.
+  A new file tzdata.zi now holds a small text copy of all data.
+  The zic input format has been regularized slightly.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Northern Cyprus has decided to resume EU rules starting
+    2017-10-29, thus reinstituting winter time.
+
+    Fiji ends DST 2018-01-14 instead of the 2018-01-21 previously
+    predicted.  (Thanks to Dominic Fok.)  Adjust future predictions
+    accordingly.
+
+    Namibia will switch from +01 with DST to +02 all year on
+    2017-09-03 at 02:00.  This affects UT offsets starting 2018-04-01
+    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Sudan will switch from +03 to +02 on 2017-11-01.  (Thanks to Ahmed
+    Atyya and Yahia Abdalla.)  South Sudan is not switching, so
+    Africa/Juba is no longer a link to Africa/Khartoum.
+
+    Tonga has likely ended its experiment with DST, and will not
+    adjust its clocks on 2017-11-05.  Although Tonga has not announced
+    whether it will continue to observe DST, the IATA is assuming that
+    it will not.  (Thanks to David Wade.)
+
+    Turks & Caicos will switch from -04 all year to -05 with US DST on
+    2018-03-11 at 03:00.  This affects UT offsets starting 2018-11-04
+    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Namibia switched from +02 to +01 on 1994-03-21, not 1994-04-03.
+    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Detroit did not observe DST in 1967.
+
+    Use railway time for Asia/Kolkata before 1941, by switching to
+    Madras local time (UT +052110) in 1870, then to IST (UT +0530) in
+    1906.  Also, treat 1941-2's +0630 as DST, like 1942-5.
+
+    Europe/Dublin's 1946 and 1947 fallback transitions occurred at
+    02:00 standard time, not 02:00 DST.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Pacific/Apia and Pacific/Pago_Pago switched from Antipodean to
+    American time in 1892, not 1879.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Adjust the 1867 transition in Alaska to better reflect the
+    historical record, by changing it to occur on 1867-10-18 at 15:30
+    Sitka time rather than at the start of 1867-10-17 local time.
+    Although strictly speaking this is accurate only for Sitka,
+    the rest of Alaska's blanks need to be filled in somehow.
+
+    Fix off-by-one errors in UT offsets for Adak and Nome before 1867.
+    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Add 7 s to the UT offset in Asia/Yangon before 1920.
+
+  Changes to zone names
+
+    Remove Canada/East-Saskatchewan from the 'backward' file, as it
+    exceeded the 14-character limit and was an unused misnomer anyway.
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    To support applications that prefer to read time zone data in text
+    form, two zic input files tzdata.zi and leapseconds are now
+    installed by default.  The commands 'zic tzdata.zi' and 'zic -L
+    leapseconds tzdata.zi' can reproduce the tzdata binary files
+    without and with leap seconds, respectively.  To prevent these two
+    new files from being installed, use 'make TZDATA_TEXT=', and to
+    suppress leap seconds from the tzdata text installation, use 'make
+    TZDATA_TEXT=tzdata.zi'.
+
+    'make BACKWARD=' now suppresses backward-compatibility names
+    like 'US/Pacific' that are defined in the 'backward' and
+    'pacificnew' files.
+
+    'make check' now works on systems that lack a UTF-8 locale,
+    or that lack the nsgmls program.  Set UTF8_LOCALE to configure
+    the name of a UTF-8 locale, if you have one.
+
+    Y2K runtime checks are no longer enabled by default.  Add
+    -DDEPRECATE_TWO_DIGIT_YEARS to CFLAGS to enable them, instead of
+    adding -DNO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU
+    to disable them.  (New name suggested by Brian Inglis.)
+
+    The build procedure for zdump now works on AIX 7.1.
+    (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic and the reference runtime now reject multiple leap seconds
+    within 28 days of each other, or leap seconds before the Epoch.
+    As a result, support for double leap seconds, which was
+    obsolescent and undocumented, has been removed.  Double leap
+    seconds were an error in the C89 standard; they have never existed
+    in civil timekeeping.  (Thanks to Robert Elz and Bradley White for
+    noticing glitches in the code that uncovered this problem.)
+
+    zic now warns about use of the obsolescent and undocumented -y
+    option, and about use of the obsolescent TYPE field of Rule lines.
+
+    zic now allows unambiguous abbreviations like "Sa" and "Su" for
+    weekdays; formerly it rejected them due to a bug.  Conversely, zic
+    no longer considers non-prefixes to be abbreviations; for example,
+    it no longer accepts "lF" as an abbreviation for "lastFriday".
+    Also, zic warns about the undocumented usage with a "last-"
+    prefix, e.g., "last-Fri".
+
+    Similarly, zic now accepts the unambiguous abbreviation "L" for
+    "Link" in ordinary context and for "Leap" in leap-second context.
+    Conversely, zic no longer accepts non-prefixes such as "La" as
+    abbreviations for words like "Leap".
+
+    zic no longer accepts leap second lines in ordinary input, or
+    ordinary lines in leap second input.  Formerly, zic sometimes
+    warned about this undocumented usage and handled it incorrectly.
+
+    The new macro HAVE_TZNAME governs whether the tzname external
+    variable is exported, instead of USG_COMPAT.  USG_COMPAT now
+    governs only the external variables "timezone" and "daylight".
+    This change is needed because the three variables are not in the
+    same category: although POSIX requires tzname, it specifies the
+    other two variables as optional.  Also, USG_COMPAT is now 1 or 0:
+    if not defined, the code attempts to guess it from other macros.
+
+    localtime.c and difftime.c no longer require stdio.h, and .c files
+    other than zic.c no longer require sys/wait.h.
+
+    zdump.c no longer assumes snprintf.  (Reported by Jonathan Leffler.)
+
+    Calculation of time_t extrema works around a bug in GCC 4.8.4
+    (Reported by Stan Shebs and Joseph Myers.)
+
+    zic.c no longer mistranslates formats of line numbers in non-English
+    locales.  (Problem reported by Benno Schulenberg.)
+
+    Several minor changes have been made to the code to make it a
+    bit easier to port to MS-Windows and Solaris.  (Thanks to Kees
+    Dekker for reporting the problems.)
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    The two new files 'theory.html' and 'calendars' contain the
+    contents of the removed file 'Theory'.  The goal is to document
+    tzdb theory more accessibly.
+
+    The zic man page now documents abbreviation rules.
+
+    tz-link.htm now covers how to apply tzdata changes to clients.
+    (Thanks to Jorge Fábregas for the AIX link.)  It also mentions MySQL.
+
+    The leap-seconds.list URL has been updated to something that is
+    more reliable for tzdb.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti and Brian Inglis.)
+
+Release 2017b - 2017-03-17 07:30:38 -0700
+
+  Briefly: Haiti has resumed DST.
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    Haiti resumed observance of DST in 2017.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Liberia changed from -004430 to +00 on 1972-01-07, not 1972-05-01.
+
+    Use "MMT" to abbreviate Liberia's time zone before 1972, as "-004430"
+    is one byte over the POSIX limit.  (Problem reported by Derick Rethans.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    The reference localtime implementation now falls back on the
+    current US daylight-saving transition rules rather than the
+    1987-2006 rules.  This fallback occurs only when (1) the TZ
+    environment variable's value has a name like "AST4ADT" that asks
+    for daylight saving time but does not specify the rules, (2) there
+    is no file by that name, and (3) the TZDEFRULES file cannot be
+    loaded.  (Thanks to Tom Lane.)
+
+
+Release 2017a - 2017-02-28 00:05:36 -0800
+
+  Briefly: Southern Chile moves from -04/-03 to -03, and Mongolia
+  discontinues DST.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Mongolia no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Ganbold Tsagaankhuu.)
+
+    Chile's Region of Magallanes moves from -04/-03 to -03 year-round.
+    Its clocks diverge from America/Santiago starting 2017-05-13 at
+    23:00, hiving off a new zone America/Punta_Arenas.  Although the
+    Chilean government says this change expires in May 2019, for now
+    assume it's permanent.  (Thanks to Juan Correa and Deborah
+    Goldsmith.)  This also affects Antarctica/Palmer.
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Fix many entries for historical time stamps for Europe/Madrid
+    before 1979, to agree with tables compiled by Pere Planesas of the
+    National Astronomical Observatory of Spain.  As a side effect,
+    this changes some time stamps for Africa/Ceuta before 1929, which
+    are probably guesswork anyway.  (Thanks to Steve Allen and
+    Pierpaolo Bernardi for the heads-ups, and to Michael Deckers for
+    correcting the 1901 transition.)
+
+    Ecuador observed DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05.
+    (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
+
+    Asia/Atyrau and Asia/Oral were at +03 (not +04) before 1930-06-21.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    Switch to numeric time zone abbreviations for South America, as
+    part of the ongoing project of removing invented abbreviations.
+    This avoids the need to invent an abbreviation for the new Chilean
+    new zone.  Similarly, switch from invented to numeric time zone
+    abbreviations for Afghanistan, American Samoa, the Azores,
+    Bangladesh, Bhutan, the British Indian Ocean Territory, Brunei,
+    Cape Verde, Chatham Is, Christmas I, Cocos (Keeling) Is, Cook Is,
+    Dubai, East Timor, Eucla, Fiji, French Polynesia, Greenland,
+    Indochina, Iran, Iraq, Kiribati, Lord Howe, Macquarie, Malaysia,
+    the Maldives, Marshall Is, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia,
+    Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk I, Palau,
+    Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Pitcairn, Qatar, Réunion, St
+    Pierre & Miquelon, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore,
+    Solomon Is, Tokelau, Tuvalu, Wake, Vanuatu, Wallis & Futuna, and
+    Xinjiang; for 20-minute daylight saving time in Ghana before 1943;
+    for half-hour daylight saving time in Belize before 1944 and in
+    the Dominican Republic before 1975; and for Canary Islands before
+    1946, for Guinea-Bissau before 1975, for Iceland before 1969, for
+    Indian Summer Time before 1942, for Indonesia before around 1964,
+    for Kenya before 1960, for Liberia before 1973, for Madeira before
+    1967, for Namibia before 1943, for the Netherlands in 1937-9, for
+    Pakistan before 1971, for Western Sahara before 1977, and for
+    Zaporozhye in 1880-1924.
+
+    For Alaska time from 1900 through 1967, instead of "CAT" use the
+    abbreviation "AST", the abbreviation commonly used at the time
+    (Atlantic Standard Time had not been standardized yet).  Use "AWT"
+    and "APT" instead of the invented abbreviations "CAWT" and "CAPT".
+
+    Use "CST" and "CDT" instead of invented abbreviations for Macau
+    before 1999 and Taiwan before 1938, and use "JST" instead of the
+    invented abbreviation "JCST" for Japan and Korea before 1938.
+
+  Change to database entry category
+
+    Move the Pacific/Johnston link from 'australasia' to 'backward',
+    since Johnston is now uninhabited.
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer mishandles some transitions in January 2038 when it
+    attempts to work around Qt bug 53071.  This fixes a bug affecting
+    Pacific/Tongatapu that was introduced in zic 2016e.  localtime.c
+    now contains a workaround, useful when loading a file generated by
+    a buggy zic.  (Problem and localtime.c fix reported by Bradley
+    White.)
+
+    zdump -i now outputs non-hour numeric time zone abbreviations
+    without a colon, e.g., "+0530" rather than "+05:30".  This agrees
+    with zic %z and with common practice, and simplifies auditing of
+    zdump output.
+
+    zdump is now buildable again with -DUSE_LTZ=0.
+    (Problem reported by Joseph Myers.)
+
+    zdump.c now always includes private.h, to avoid code duplication
+    with private.h.  (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
+
+    localtime.c no longer mishandles early or late timestamps
+    when TZ is set to a POSIX-style string that specifies DST.
+    (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
+
+    date and strftime now cause %z to generate "-0000" instead of
+    "+0000" when the UT offset is zero and the time zone abbreviation
+    begins with "-".
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    The 'Theory' file now better documents choice of historical time
+    zone abbreviations.  (Problems reported by Michael Deckers.)
+
+    tz-link.htm now covers leap smearing, which is popular in clouds.
+
+
+Release 2016j - 2016-11-22 23:17:13 -0800
+
+  Briefly: Saratov, Russia moves from +03 to +04 on 2016-12-04.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Saratov, Russia switches from +03 to +04 on 2016-12-04 at 02:00.
+    This hives off a new zone Europe/Saratov from Europe/Volgograd.
+    (Thanks to Yuri Konotopov and Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    The new zone Asia/Atyrau for Atyraū Region, Kazakhstan, is like
+    Asia/Aqtau except it switched from +05/+06 to +04/+05 in spring
+    1999, not fall 1994.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
+
+    Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron now use "EEST", not "EET", to denote
+    summer time before 1948.  The old use of "EET" was a typo.
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer mishandles file systems that lack hard links, fixing
+    bugs introduced in 2016g.  (Problems reported by Tom Lane.)
+    Also, when the destination already contains symbolic links, zic
+    should now work better on systems where the 'link' system call
+    does not follow symbolic links.
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    tz-link.htm now documents the relationship between release version
+    numbers and development-repository commit tags.  (Suggested by
+    Paul Koning.)
+
+    The 'Theory' file now documents UT.
+
+    iso3166.tab now accents "Curaçao", and commentary now mentions
+    the names "Cabo Verde" and "Czechia".  (Thanks to Jiří Boháč.)
+
+
+Release 2016i - 2016-11-01 23:19:52 -0700
+
+  Briefly: Cyprus split into two time zones on 2016-10-30, and Tonga
+  reintroduces DST on 2016-11-06.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Pacific/Tongatapu begins DST on 2016-11-06 at 02:00, ending on
+    2017-01-15 at 03:00.  Assume future observances in Tonga will be
+    from the first Sunday in November through the third Sunday in
+    January, like Fiji.  (Thanks to Pulu ʻAnau.)  Switch to numeric
+    time zone abbreviations for this zone.
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    Northern Cyprus is now +03 year round, causing a split in Cyprus
+    time zones starting 2016-10-30 at 04:00.  This creates a zone
+    Asia/Famagusta.  (Thanks to Even Scharning and Matt Johnson.)
+
+    Antarctica/Casey switched from +08 to +11 on 2016-10-22.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Several corrections were made for pre-1975 time stamps in Italy.
+    These affect Europe/Malta, Europe/Rome, Europe/San_Marino, and
+    Europe/Vatican.
+
+    First, the 1893-11-01 00:00 transition in Italy used the new UT
+    offset (+01), not the old (+00:49:56).  (Thanks to Michael
+    Deckers.)
+
+    Second, rules for daylight saving in Italy were changed to agree
+    with Italy's National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM)
+    except for 1944, as follows (thanks to Pierpaolo Bernardi, Brian
+    Inglis, and Michael Deckers):
+
+      The 1916-06-03 transition was at 24:00, not 00:00.
+
+      The 1916-10-01, 1919-10-05, and 1920-09-19 transitions were at
+      00:00, not 01:00.
+
+      The 1917-09-30 and 1918-10-06 transitions were at 24:00, not
+      01:00.
+
+      The 1944-09-17 transition was at 03:00, not 01:00.  This
+      particular change is taken from Italian law as INRiM's table,
+      (which says 02:00) appears to have a typo here.  Also, keep the
+      1944-04-03 transition for Europe/Rome, as Rome was controlled by
+      Germany then.
+
+      The 1967-1970 and 1972-1974 fallback transitions were at 01:00,
+      not 00:00.
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    The code should now be buildable on AmigaOS merely by setting the
+    appropriate Makefile variables.  (From a patch by Carsten Larsen.)
+
+
+Release 2016h - 2016-10-19 23:17:57 -0700
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron end DST on 2016-10-29 at 01:00, not
+    2016-10-21 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)  Predict that
+    future fall transitions will be on the last Saturday of October
+    at 01:00, which is consistent with predicted spring transitions
+    on the last Saturday of March.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    In Turkey, transitions in 1986-1990 were at 01:00 standard time
+    not at 02:00, and the spring 1994 transition was on March 20, not
+    March 27.  (Thanks to Kıvanç Yazan.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    Asia/Colombo now uses numeric time zone abbreviations like "+0530"
+    instead of alphabetic ones like "IST" and "LKT".  Various
+    English-language sources use "IST", "LKT" and "SLST", with no
+    working consensus.  (Usage of "SLST" mentioned by Sadika
+    Sumanapala.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer mishandles relativizing file names when creating
+    symbolic links like /etc/localtime, when these symbolic links
+    are outside the usual directory hierarchy.  This fixes a bug
+    introduced in 2016g.  (Problem reported by Andreas Stieger.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    New rules 'traditional_tarballs' and 'traditional_signatures' for
+    building just the traditional-format distribution.  (Requested by
+    Deborah Goldsmith.)
+
+    The file 'version' is now put into the tzdata tarball too.
+    (Requested by Howard Hinnant.)
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    The 'Theory' file now has a section on interface stability.
+    (Requested by Paul Koning.)  It also mentions features like
+    tm_zone and localtime_rz that have long been supported by the
+    reference code.
+
+    tz-link.htm has improved coverage of time zone boundaries suitable
+    for geolocation.  (Thanks to heads-ups from Evan Siroky and Matt
+    Johnson.)
+
+    The US commentary now mentions Allen and the "day of two noons".
+
+    The Fiji commentary mentions the government's 2016-10-03 press
+    release.  (Thanks to Raymond Kumar.)
+
+
+Release 2016g - 2016-09-13 08:56:38 -0700
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Turkey switched from EET/EEST (+02/+03) to permanent +03,
+    effective 2016-09-07.  (Thanks to Burak AYDIN.)  Use "+03" rather
+    than an invented abbreviation for the new time.
+
+    New leap second 2016-12-31 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 52.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    For America/Los_Angeles, spring-forward transition times have been
+    corrected from 02:00 to 02:01 in 1948, and from 02:00 to 01:00 in
+    1950-1966.
+
+    For zones using Soviet time on 1919-07-01, transitions to UT-based
+    time were at 00:00 UT, not at 02:00 local time.  The affected
+    zones are Europe/Kirov, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Samara, and
+    Europe/Ulyanovsk.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    The Factory zone now uses the time zone abbreviation -00 instead
+    of a long English-language string, as -00 is now the normal way to
+    represent an undefined time zone.
+
+    Several zones in Antarctica and the former Soviet Union, along
+    with zones intended for ships at sea that cannot use POSIX TZ
+    strings, now use numeric time zone abbreviations instead of
+    invented or obsolete alphanumeric abbreviations.  The affected
+    zones are Antarctica/Casey, Antarctica/Davis,
+    Antarctica/DumontDUrville, Antarctica/Mawson, Antarctica/Rothera,
+    Antarctica/Syowa, Antarctica/Troll, Antarctica/Vostok,
+    Asia/Anadyr, Asia/Ashgabat, Asia/Baku, Asia/Bishkek, Asia/Chita,
+    Asia/Dushanbe, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Kamchatka, Asia/Khandyga,
+    Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Magadan, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Sakhalin,
+    Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Srednekolymsk, Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Tbilisi,
+    Asia/Ust-Nera, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Asia/Yekaterinburg,
+    Asia/Yerevan, Etc/GMT-14, Etc/GMT-13, Etc/GMT-12, Etc/GMT-11,
+    Etc/GMT-10, Etc/GMT-9, Etc/GMT-8, Etc/GMT-7, Etc/GMT-6, Etc/GMT-5,
+    Etc/GMT-4, Etc/GMT-3, Etc/GMT-2, Etc/GMT-1, Etc/GMT+1, Etc/GMT+2,
+    Etc/GMT+3, Etc/GMT+4, Etc/GMT+5, Etc/GMT+6, Etc/GMT+7, Etc/GMT+8,
+    Etc/GMT+9, Etc/GMT+10, Etc/GMT+11, Etc/GMT+12, Europe/Kaliningrad,
+    Europe/Minsk, Europe/Samara, Europe/Volgograd, and
+    Indian/Kerguelen.  For Europe/Moscow the invented abbreviation MSM
+    was replaced by +05, whereas MSK and MSD were kept as they are not
+    our invention and are widely used.
+
+  Changes to zone names
+
+    Rename Asia/Rangoon to Asia/Yangon, with a backward compatibility link.
+    (Thanks to David Massoud.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer generates binary files containing POSIX TZ-like
+    strings that disagree with the local time type after the last
+    explicit transition in the data.  This fixes a bug with
+    Africa/Casablanca and Africa/El_Aaiun in some year-2037 time
+    stamps on the reference platform.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky
+    for reporting the bug and suggesting a way forward.)
+
+    If the installed localtime and/or posixrules files are symbolic
+    links, zic now keeps them symbolic links when updating them, for
+    compatibility with platforms like OpenSUSE where other programs
+    configure these files as symlinks.
+
+    zic now avoids hard linking to symbolic links, avoids some
+    unnecessary mkdir and stat system calls, and uses shorter file
+    names internally.
+
+    zdump has a new -i option to generate transitions in a
+    more-compact but still human-readable format.  This option is
+    experimental, and the output format may change in future versions.
+    (Thanks to Jon Skeet for suggesting that an option was needed,
+    and thanks to Tim Parenti and Chris Rovick for further comments.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    An experimental distribution format is available, in addition
+    to the traditional format which will continue to be distributed.
+    The new format is a tarball tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz with signature
+    file tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz.asc.  It unpacks to a top-level directory
+    tzdb-VERSION containing the code and data of the traditional
+    two-tarball format, along with extra data that may be useful.
+    (Thanks to Antonio Diaz Diaz, Oscar van Vlijmen, and many others
+    for comments about the experimental format.)
+
+    The release version number is now more accurate in the usual case
+    where releases are built from a Git repository.  For example, if
+    23 commits and some working-file changes have been made since
+    release 2016g, the version number is now something like
+    '2016g-23-g50556e3-dirty' instead of the misleading '2016g'.
+    Tagged releases use the same version number format as before,
+    e.g., '2016g'.  To support the more-accurate version number, its
+    specification has moved from a line in the Makefile to a new
+    source file 'version'.
+
+    The experimental distribution contains a file to2050.tzs that
+    contains what should be the output of 'zdump -i -c 2050' on
+    primary zones.  If this file is available, 'make check' now checks
+    that zdump generates this output.
+
+    'make check_web' now works on Fedora-like distributions.
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    tzfile.5 now documents the new restriction on POSIX TZ-like
+    strings that is now implemented by zic.
+
+    Comments now cite URLs for some 1917-1921 Russian DST decrees.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions JuliaTime (thanks to Curtis Vogt) and Time4J
+    (thanks to Meno Hochschild) and ThreeTen-Extra, and its
+    description of Java 8 has been brought up to date (thanks to
+    Stephen Colebourne).  Its description of local time on Mars has
+    been updated to match current practice, and URLs have been updated
+    and some obsolete ones removed.
+
+
 Release 2016f - 2016-07-05 16:26:51 +0200
 
   Changes affecting future time stamps
@@ -179,7 +1101,7 @@
     Comments in zone tables have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
 
     tzselect again limits its menu comments so that menus fit on a
-    24x80 alphanumeric display.
+    24×80 alphanumeric display.
 
     A new web page tz-how-to.html.  (Thanks to Bill Seymour.)
 
@@ -316,8 +1238,8 @@
     (Thanks to Jon Skeet and Arthur David Olson.)  Constraints on
     simultaneity are now documented.
 
-    The two characters '%z' in a zone format now stand for the UTC
-    offset, e.g., '-07' for seven hours behind UTC and '+0530' for
+    The two characters '%z' in a zone format now stand for the UT
+    offset, e.g., '-07' for seven hours behind UT and '+0530' for
     five hours and thirty minutes ahead.  This better supports time
     zone abbreviations conforming to POSIX.1-2001 and later.
 
@@ -393,7 +1315,7 @@
 
   Changes affecting past time stamps
 
-    America/Whitehorse switched from UTC-9 to UTC-8 on 1967-05-28, not
+    America/Whitehorse switched from UT -09 to -08 on 1967-05-28, not
     1966-07-01.  Also, Yukon's time zone history is documented better.
     (Thanks to Brian Inglis and Dennis Ferguson.)
 
@@ -427,12 +1349,12 @@
 
       The 1918 transition was September 10, not September 1.
 
-      The UTC-4 time observed from 1932 to 1942 is now considered to be
-      standard time, not year-round DST.
+      The UT -04 time observed from 1932 to 1942 is now considered to
+      be standard time, not year-round DST.
 
-      Santiago observed DST (UTC-3) from 1946-07-15 through 1946-08-31,
-      then reverted to standard time, then switched its time zone to
-      UTC-5 on 1947-04-01.
+      Santiago observed DST (UT -03) from 1946-07-15 through
+      1946-08-31, then reverted to standard time, then switched to -05
+      on 1947-04-01.
 
       Assume transitions before 1968 were at 00:00, since we have no data
       saying otherwise.
@@ -440,13 +1362,13 @@
       The spring 1988 transition was 1988-10-09, not 1988-10-02.
       The fall 1990 transition was 1990-03-11, not 1990-03-18.
 
-      Assume no UTC offset change for Pacific/Easter on 1890-01-01,
+      Assume no UT offset change for Pacific/Easter on 1890-01-01,
       and omit all transitions on Pacific/Easter from 1942 through 1946
       since we have no data suggesting that they existed.
 
     One more zone has been turned into a link, as it differed
     from an existing zone only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    this change affects UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    this change affects UT offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
     The zone's old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zone is America/Montreal.
 
@@ -476,7 +1398,7 @@
 
     Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
     from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
     Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zones are: America/Antigua, America/Cayman,
     Pacific/Midway, and Pacific/Saipan.
@@ -528,7 +1450,7 @@
 
     Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
     from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
     Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zones are: Asia/Aden, Asia/Bahrain, Asia/Kuwait,
     and Asia/Muscat.
@@ -561,7 +1483,7 @@
 
   Changes affecting current and future time stamps
 
-    Turks & Caicos' switch from US eastern time to UTC-4 year-round
+    Turks & Caicos' switch from US eastern time to UT -04 year-round
     did not occur on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.  It's currently scheduled
     for 2015-11-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Chris Walton.)
 
@@ -575,7 +1497,7 @@
 
     Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
     from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
     Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zones are: Africa/Addis_Ababa, Africa/Asmara,
     Africa/Dar_es_Salaam, Africa/Djibouti, Africa/Kampala,
@@ -597,7 +1519,7 @@
     years will use a similar pattern.
 
     A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea
-    that plans to switch from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.
+    that plans to switch from UT +10 to +11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.
     (Thanks to Kiley Walbom for the heads-up.)
 
   Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
@@ -607,8 +1529,8 @@
     to its more-traditional value MSK on 2014-10-26 at 01:00.
     (Thanks to Alexander Bokovoy for the heads-up about Belarus.)
 
-    The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT+8 in
-    Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (UT+7).
+    The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT +08 in
+    Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (+07).
 
   Changes affecting past time stamps
 
@@ -630,9 +1552,9 @@
     been fixed.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for reporting most of
     these problems and for suggesting fixes.)
 
-    If USG_COMPAT is defined and the requested time stamp is standard time,
+    If USG_COMPAT is defined and the requested timestamp is standard time,
     the tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set the extern
-    variable timezone to a value appropriate for that time stamp; and
+    variable timezone to a value appropriate for that timestamp; and
     similarly for ALTZONE, daylight saving time, and the altzone variable.
     This change is a companion to the tzname change in 2014h, and is
     designed to make timezone and altzone more compatible with tzname.
@@ -639,7 +1561,7 @@
 
     The tz library's functions now set errno to EOVERFLOW if they fail
     because the result cannot be represented.  ctime and ctime_r now
-    return NULL and set errno when a time stamp is out of range, rather
+    return NULL and set errno when a timestamp is out of range, rather
     than having undefined behavior.
 
     Some bugs associated with the new 2014g functions have been fixed.
@@ -656,7 +1578,7 @@
 
 Release 2014h - 2014-09-25 18:59:03 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps
+  Changes affecting past timestamps
 
     America/Jamaica's 1974 spring-forward transition was Jan. 6, not Apr. 28.
 
@@ -664,8 +1586,8 @@
     not 1920-01-06.  The old entry was based on a misinterpretation of Shanks.
 
     Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
-    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
     Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zones are: Africa/Blantyre, Africa/Bujumbura,
     Africa/Gaborone, Africa/Harare, Africa/Kigali, Africa/Lubumbashi,
@@ -677,7 +1599,7 @@
     not merely on platforms defining TM_GMTOFF.
 
     The tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set tzname to a value
-    appropriate for the requested time stamp, and zdump now uses this
+    appropriate for the requested timestamp, and zdump now uses this
     on platforms not defining TM_ZONE, fixing a 2014g regression.
     (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
 
@@ -686,7 +1608,7 @@
     zdump -c no longer mishandles transitions near year boundaries.
     (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
 
-    An access to uninitalized data has been fixed.
+    An access to uninitialized data has been fixed.
     (Thanks to Jörg Richter for reporting the problem.)
 
     When THREAD_SAFE is defined, the code ports to the C11 memory model.
@@ -717,13 +1639,13 @@
 
 Release 2014g - 2014-08-28 12:31:23 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting future time stamps
+  Changes affecting future timestamps
 
-    Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UTC-4 year-round,
-    modeled as a switch from EST/EDT to AST on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.
+    Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UT -04
+    year-round, modeled as a switch on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.
     [As noted in 2014j, this switch was later delayed.]
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps
+  Changes affecting past timestamps
 
     Time in Russia or the USSR before 1926 or so has been corrected by
     a few seconds in the following zones: Asia/Irkutsk,
@@ -733,7 +1655,7 @@
     Vladimir Karpinsky.)
 
     The Portuguese decree of 1911-05-26 took effect on 1912-01-01.
-    This affects 1911 time stamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda,
+    This affects 1911 timestamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda,
     Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira.  Also, Lisbon's pre-1912
     GMT offset was -0:36:45 (rounded from -0:36:44.68), not -0:36:32.
     (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing to the decree.)
@@ -741,7 +1663,7 @@
     Asia/Dhaka ended DST on 2009-12-31 at 24:00, not 23:59.
 
     A new file 'backzone' contains data which may appeal to
-    connoisseurs of old time stamps, although it is out of scope for
+    connoisseurs of old timestamps, although it is out of scope for
     the tz database, is often poorly sourced, and contains some data
     that is known to be incorrect.  The new file is not recommended
     for ordinary use and its entries are not installed by default.
@@ -749,8 +1671,8 @@
     Isle of Man entries.)
 
     Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
-    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
-    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
     Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
     The affected zones are: Africa/Bangui, Africa/Brazzaville,
     Africa/Douala, Africa/Kinshasa, Africa/Libreville, Africa/Luanda,
@@ -801,7 +1723,7 @@
     but does not cause other problems such as traps.
 
     If TM_GMTOFF is defined and UNINIT_TRAP is 0, mktime is now
-    more likely to guess right for ambiguous time stamps near
+    more likely to guess right for ambiguous timestamps near
     transitions where tm_isdst does not change.
 
     If HAVE_STRFTIME_L is defined to 1, the tz library now defines
@@ -874,7 +1796,7 @@
 
 Release 2014f - 2014-08-05 17:42:36 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting future time stamps
+  Changes affecting future timestamps
 
     Russia will subtract an hour from most of its time zones on 2014-10-26
     at 02:00 local time.  (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
@@ -900,10 +1822,10 @@
     standard and daylight saving time the abbreviations are AEST and AEDT
     instead of the former EST for both; similarly, ACST/ACDT, ACWST/ACWDT,
     and AWST/AWDT are now used instead of the former CST, CWST, and WST.
-    This change does not affect UTC offsets, only time zone abbreviations.
+    This change does not affect UT offsets, only time zone abbreviations.
     (Thanks to Rich Tibbett and many others.)
 
-    Asia/Novokuznetsk shifts from NOVT to KRAT (remaining on UTC+7)
+    Asia/Novokuznetsk shifts from NOVT to KRAT (remaining on UT +07)
     effective 2014-10-26 at 02:00 local time.
 
     The time zone abbreviation for Xinjiang Time (observed in Ürümqi)
@@ -925,20 +1847,20 @@
     These abbreviations are now used for time in Korea, Taiwan,
     and Sakhalin while controlled by Japan.
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps
+  Changes affecting past timestamps
 
     China's five zones have been simplified to two, since the post-1970
     differences in the other three seem to have been imaginary.  The
     zones Asia/Harbin, Asia/Chongqing, and Asia/Kashgar have been
     removed; backwards-compatibility links still work, albeit with
-    different behaviors for time stamps before May 1980.  Asia/Urumqi's
-    1980 transition to UTC+8 has been removed, so that it is now at
-    UTC+6 and not UTC+8.  (Thanks to Luther Ma and to Alois Treindl;
+    different behaviors for timestamps before May 1980.  Asia/Urumqi's
+    1980 transition to UT +08 has been removed, so that it is now at
+    +06 and not +08.  (Thanks to Luther Ma and to Alois Treindl;
     Treindl sent helpful translations of two papers by Guo Qingsheng.)
 
     Some zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing
-    zones only for older UTC offsets where data entries were likely invented.
-    These changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.  This is
+    zones only for older UT offsets where data entries were likely invented.
+    These changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.  This is
     similar to the change in release 2013e, except this time for western
     Africa.  The affected zones are: Africa/Bamako, Africa/Banjul,
     Africa/Conakry, Africa/Dakar, Africa/Freetown, Africa/Lome,
@@ -963,8 +1885,8 @@
     Europe/Helsinki's 1942 fall-back transition was 10-04 at 01:00, not
     10-03 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Konstantin Hyppönen.)
 
-    Pacific/Pago_Pago has been changed from UTC-11:30 to UTC-11 for the period
-    from 1911 to 1950.
+    Pacific/Pago_Pago has been changed from UT -11:30 to -11 for the
+    period from 1911 to 1950.
 
     Pacific/Chatham has been changed to New Zealand standard time plus
     45 minutes for the period before 1957, reflecting a 1956 remark in
@@ -1083,7 +2005,7 @@
 
 Release 2014e - 2014-06-12 21:53:52 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     Egypt's 2014 Ramadan-based transitions are June 26 and July 31 at 24:00.
     (Thanks to Imed Chihi.)  Guess that from 2015 on Egypt will temporarily
@@ -1095,7 +2017,7 @@
     temporarily switch to standard time at 03:00 the last Saturday before
     Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after Ramadan.
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps
+  Changes affecting past timestamps
 
     The abbreviation "MSM" (Moscow Midsummer Time) is now used instead of
     "MSD" for Moscow's double daylight time in summer 1921.  Also, a typo
@@ -1113,7 +2035,7 @@
 
   Changes affecting code
 
-    zic no longer generates files containing time stamps before the Big Bang.
+    zic no longer generates files containing timestamps before the Big Bang.
     This works around GNOME bug 730332
     <https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=730332>.
     (Thanks to Leonardo Chiquitto for reporting the bug, and to
@@ -1126,7 +2048,7 @@
 
 Release 2014c - 2014-05-13 07:44:13 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     Egypt observes DST starting 2014-05-15 at 24:00.
     (Thanks to Ahmad El-Dardiry and Gunther Vermier.)
@@ -1140,7 +2062,7 @@
   Changes affecting code
 
     zic now generates transitions for minimum time values, eliminating guesswork
-    when handling low-valued time stamps.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+    when handling low-valued timestamps.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
 
     Port to Cygwin sans glibc.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
 
@@ -1151,7 +2073,7 @@
 
 Release 2014b - 2014-03-24 21:28:50 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     Crimea switches to Moscow time on 2014-03-30 at 02:00 local time.
     (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)  Move its zone.tab entry from UA to RU.
@@ -1190,12 +2112,12 @@
 
 Release 2014a - 2014-03-07 23:30:29 -0800
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     Turkey begins DST on 2014-03-31, not 03-30.  (Thanks to Faruk Pasin for
     the heads-up, and to Tim Parenti for simplifying the update.)
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps
+  Changes affecting past timestamps
 
     Fiji ended DST on 2014-01-19 at 02:00, not the previously-scheduled 03:00.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
@@ -1259,13 +2181,13 @@
 
 Release 2013i - 2013-12-17 07:25:23 -0800
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps:
 
     Jordan switches back to standard time at 00:00 on December 20, 2013.
     The 2006-2011 transition schedule is planned to resume in 2014.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+  Changes affecting past timestamps:
 
     In 2004, Cuba began DST on March 28, not April 4.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
@@ -1289,17 +2211,17 @@
 
 Release 2013h - 2013-10-25 15:32:32 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
 
-    Libya has switched its time zone back to UTC+2 without DST,
-    instead of UTC+1 with DST.  (Thanks to Even Scharning.)
+    Libya has switched its UT offset back to +02 without DST, instead
+    of +01 with DST.  (Thanks to Even Scharning.)
 
     Western Sahara (Africa/El_Aaiun) uses Morocco's DST rules.
     (Thanks to Gwillim Law.)
 
-  Changes affecting future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting future timestamps:
 
-    Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UTC-4 to UTC-5
+    Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UT -04 to -05
     on 2013-11-10.  This affects America/Rio_Branco and America/Eirunepe.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
 
@@ -1348,7 +2270,7 @@
 
 Release 2013g - 2013-09-30 21:08:26 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting current and near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting current and near-future timestamps
 
     Morocco now observes DST from the last Sunday in March to the last
     Sunday in October, not April to September respectively.  (Thanks
@@ -1381,12 +2303,12 @@
 
 Release 2013f - 2013-09-24 23:37:36 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     Tocantins will very likely not observe DST starting this spring.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
 
-    Jordan will likely stay at UTC+3 indefinitely, and will not fall
+    Jordan will likely stay at UT +03 indefinitely, and will not fall
     back this fall.
 
     Palestine will fall back at 00:00, not 01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
@@ -1428,7 +2350,7 @@
 
 Release 2013e - 2013-09-19 23:50:04 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
 
     This year Fiji will start DST on October 27, not October 20.
     (Thanks to David Wheeler for the heads-up.)  For now, guess that
@@ -1443,16 +2365,16 @@
     Benny Lin.)  This affects Asia/Dili, Asia/Jakarta, Asia/Jayapura,
     Asia/Makassar, and Asia/Pontianak.
 
-    Use ART (UTC-3, standard time), rather than WARST (also UTC-3, but
+    Use ART (UT -03, standard time), rather than WARST (also -03, but
     daylight saving time) for San Luis, Argentina since 2009.
 
-  Changes affecting Godthåb time stamps after 2037 if version mismatch
+  Changes affecting Godthåb timestamps after 2037 if version mismatch
 
     Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where the transition time's hour can
     range from -167 through 167, instead of the POSIX-required 0
     through 24.  E.g., TZ='FJT-12FJST,M10.3.1/146,M1.3.4/75' for the
     new Fiji rules.  This is a more-compact way to represent
-    far-future time stamps for America/Godthab, America/Santiago,
+    far-future timestamps for America/Godthab, America/Santiago,
     Antarctica/Palmer, Asia/Gaza, Asia/Hebron, Asia/Jerusalem,
     Pacific/Easter, and Pacific/Fiji.  Other zones are unaffected by
     this change.  (Derived from a suggestion by Arthur David Olson.)
@@ -1470,12 +2392,12 @@
     embedded TZ-format string, and the tz file format version number
     has therefore been increased from 2 to 3 as a precaution.
     Version-2-based client code should continue to work as before for
-    all time stamps before 2038.  Existing version-2-based client code
+    all timestamps before 2038.  Existing version-2-based client code
     (tzcode, GNU/Linux, Solaris) has been tested on version-3-format
-    files, and typically works in practice even for time stamps after
+    files, and typically works in practice even for timestamps after
     2037; the only known exception is America/Godthab.
 
-  Changes affecting time stamps before 1970
+  Changes affecting timestamps before 1970
 
     Pacific/Johnston is now a link to Pacific/Honolulu.  This corrects
     some errors before 1947.
@@ -1483,7 +2405,7 @@
     Some zones have been turned into links, when they differ from existing
     zones only in older data entries that were likely invented or that
     differ only in LMT or transitions from LMT.  These changes affect
-    only time stamps before 1943.  The affected zones are:
+    only timestamps before 1943.  The affected zones are:
     Africa/Juba, America/Anguilla, America/Aruba, America/Dominica,
     America/Grenada, America/Guadeloupe, America/Marigot,
     America/Montserrat, America/St_Barthelemy, America/St_Kitts,
@@ -1493,11 +2415,11 @@
     link is better for WWII-era times.)
 
     Change Kingston Mean Time from -5:07:12 to -5:07:11.  This affects
-    America/Cayman, America/Jamaica and America/Grand_Turk time stamps
+    America/Cayman, America/Jamaica and America/Grand_Turk timestamps
     from 1890 to 1912.
 
     Change the UT offset of Bern Mean Time from 0:29:44 to 0:29:46.
-    This affects Europe/Zurich time stamps from 1853 to 1894.  (Thanks
+    This affects Europe/Zurich timestamps from 1853 to 1894.  (Thanks
     to Alois Treindl).
 
     Change the date of the circa-1850 Zurich transition from 1849-09-12
@@ -1515,7 +2437,7 @@
     data can't be summarized using a TZ string, and uses a 402-year
     window rather than a 400-year window.  For the current data, this
     affects only the Asia/Tehran file.  It does not affect any of the
-    time stamps that this file represents, so zdump outputs the same
+    timestamps that this file represents, so zdump outputs the same
     information as before.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram).)
 
     The 'date' command has a new '-r' option, which lets you specify
@@ -1547,7 +2469,7 @@
   Changes affecting the zdump utility
 
     zdump now outputs "UT" when referring to Universal Time, not "UTC".
-    "UTC" does not make sense for time stamps that predate the introduction
+    "UTC" does not make sense for timestamps that predate the introduction
     of UTC, whereas "UT", a more-generic term, does.  (Thanks to Steve Allen
     for clarifying UT vs UTC.)
 
@@ -1558,7 +2480,7 @@
 
     Remove from zone.tab the names America/Montreal, America/Shiprock,
     and Antarctica/South_Pole, as they are equivalent to existing
-    same-country-code zones for post-1970 time stamps.  The data entries for
+    same-country-code zones for post-1970 timestamps.  The data entries for
     these names are unchanged, so the names continue to work as before.
 
   Changes affecting code internals
@@ -1576,7 +2498,7 @@
 
     The 'leapseconds' file is now generated automatically from a
     new file 'leap-seconds.list', which is a copy of
-    <ftp://time.nist.gov/pub/leap-seconds.list>.
+    <ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>
     A new source file 'leapseconds.awk' implements this.
     The goal is simplification of the future maintenance of 'leapseconds'.
 
@@ -1618,7 +2540,7 @@
 
       There is a new section about the accuracy of the tz database,
       describing the many ways that errors can creep in, and
-      explaining why so many of the pre-1970 time stamps are wrong or
+      explaining why so many of the pre-1970 timestamps are wrong or
       misleading (thanks to Steve Allen, Lester Caine, and Garrett
       Wollman for discussions that contributed to this).
 
@@ -1653,7 +2575,7 @@
 
 Release 2013d - 2013-07-05 07:38:01 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting future timestamps:
 
     Morocco's midsummer transitions this year are July 7 and August 10,
     not July 9 and August 8.  (Thanks to Andrew Paprocki.)
@@ -1661,7 +2583,7 @@
     Israel now falls back on the last Sunday of October.
     (Thanks to Ephraim Silverberg.)
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+  Changes affecting past timestamps:
 
     Specify Jerusalem's location more precisely; this changes the pre-1880
     times by 2 s.
@@ -1699,7 +2621,7 @@
 
 Release 2013c - 2013-04-19 16:17:40 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
 
     Palestine observed DST starting March 29, 2013.  (Thanks to
     Steffen Thorsen.)  From 2013 on, Gaza and Hebron both observe DST,
@@ -1710,7 +2632,7 @@
     by moving the end of DST to the 4th Sunday in March every year.
     (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
 
-  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+  Changes affecting past timestamps:
 
     Fix some historical data for Palestine to agree with that of
     timeanddate.com, as follows:
@@ -1744,10 +2666,10 @@
 
 Release 2013b - 2013-03-10 22:33:40 -0700
 
-  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
 
     Haiti uses US daylight-saving rules this year, and presumably future years.
-    This changes time stamps starting today.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+    This changes timestamps starting today.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
 
     Paraguay will end DST on March 24 this year.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)  For now, assume it's just this year.
@@ -1771,7 +2693,7 @@
     The zone offset at the end of version-2-format zone files is now
     allowed to be 24:00, as per POSIX.1-2008.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
 
-  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
 
     Chile's 2013 rules, and we guess rules for 2014 and later, will be
     the same as 2012, namely Apr Sun>=23 03:00 UTC to Sep Sun>=2 04:00 UTC.
@@ -1780,9 +2702,9 @@
     New Zones Asia/Khandyga, Asia/Ust-Nera, Europe/Busingen.
     (Thanks to Tobias Conradi and Arthur David Olson.)
 
-  Many changes affect historical time stamps before 1940.
+  Many changes affect historical timestamps before 1940.
   These were deduced from: Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899
-  Feb;13(2):173-94 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+  Feb;13(2):173-94 <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
 
   Changes affecting the code:
 
@@ -1900,7 +2822,7 @@
 
 Release 2012e - 2012-08-02 20:44:55 -0700
 
-  * australasia (Pacific/Fakaofo): Tokelau is UTC+13, not UTC+14.
+  * australasia (Pacific/Fakaofo): Tokelau is UT +13, not +14.
     (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
 
   * Use a single version number for both code and data.
@@ -1912,7 +2834,7 @@
 
 Release code2012c-data2012d - 2012-07-19 16:35:33 -0700
 
-  Changes for Morocco's time stamps, which take effect in a couple of
+  Changes for Morocco's timestamps, which take effect in a couple of
   hours, along with infrastructure changes to accommodate how the tz
   code and data are released on IANA.
 
@@ -2056,12 +2978,12 @@
 
 Release 2011d - 2011-03-14 09:18:01 -0400
 
-  changes that impact present-day time stamps in Cuba, Samoa, and Turkey
+  changes that impact present-day timestamps in Cuba, Samoa, and Turkey
 
 
 Release 2011c - 2011-03-07 09:30:09 -0500
 
-  These do affect current time stamps in Chile and Annette Island, Canada.
+  These do affect current timestamps in Chile and Annette Island, Canada.
 
 
 Release 2011b - 2011-02-07 08:44:50 -0500
@@ -3519,14 +4441,15 @@
 that talks about the changes in that release.  The text has been
 adapted and reformatted for the purposes of this file.
 
-Typically a release R consists of a pair of tarball files,
+Traditionally a release R consists of a pair of tarball files,
 tzcodeR.tar.gz and tzdataR.tar.gz.  However, some releases (e.g.,
 code2010a, data2012c) consist of just one or the other tarball, and a
 few (e.g., code2012c-data2012d) have tarballs with mixed version
-numbers.
+numbers.  Recent releases also come in an experimental format
+consisting of a single tarball tzdb-R.tar.lz with extra data.
 
-Release time stamps are taken from the release's commit (for newer,
-git releases), from the newest file in the tarball (for older
+Release timestamps are taken from the release's commit (for newer,
+Git-based releases), from the newest file in the tarball (for older
 releases, where this info is available) or from the email announcing
 the release (if all else fails; these are marked with a time zone of
 -0000 and an "is missing!" comment).

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/README
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/README	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/README	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -10,22 +10,15 @@
 changes made by political bodies to time zone boundaries, UTC offsets,
 and daylight-saving rules.
 
-Here is a recipe for acquiring, building, installing, and testing the
-tz distribution on a GNU/Linux or similar host.
-
-	mkdir tz
-	cd tz
-	wget --retr-symlinks 'ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tz*-latest.tar.gz'
-	gzip -dc tzcode-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf -
-	gzip -dc tzdata-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf -
-
-Be sure to read the comments in "Makefile" and make any changes needed
+See <https://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/tz-link.html> or the
+file tz-link.html for how to acquire the code and data.  Once acquired,
+read the comments in the file 'Makefile' and make any changes needed
 to make things right for your system, especially if you are using some
 platform other than GNU/Linux.  Then run the following commands,
 substituting your desired installation directory for "$HOME/tzdir":
 
 	make TOPDIR=$HOME/tzdir install
-	$HOME/tzdir/etc/zdump -v America/Los_Angeles
+	$HOME/tzdir/usr/bin/zdump -v America/Los_Angeles
 
 Historical local time information has been included here to:
 
@@ -52,10 +45,6 @@
 maintainer, to whom the time zone community owes the greatest debt of all.
 None of them are responsible for remaining errors.
 
-Look in <ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/> for updated versions of these files.
-
-Please send comments or information to tz at iana.org.
-
 -----
 
 This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/Theory
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/Theory	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/Theory	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
 Here are the general rules used for choosing time zone abbreviations,
 in decreasing order of importance:
 
-	Use three or more characters that are ASCII alphanumerics or '+' or '-'.
+	Use abbreviations that consist of three or more ASCII letters.
 		Previous editions of this database also used characters like
 		' ' and '?', but these characters have a special meaning to
 		the shell and cause commands like
@@ -181,17 +181,20 @@
 		to have unexpected effects.
 		Previous editions of this rule required upper-case letters,
 		but the Congressman who introduced Chamorro Standard Time
-		preferred "ChST", so lower-case letters are now allowed.
-		Also, POSIX from 2001 on relaxed the rule to allow '-', '+',
+		preferred "ChST", so the rule has been relaxed.
+
+		This rule guarantees that all abbreviations could have
+		been specified by a POSIX TZ string.  POSIX
+		requires at least three characters for an
+		abbreviation.  POSIX through 2000 says that an abbreviation
+		cannot start with ':', and cannot contain ',', '-',
+		'+', NUL, or a digit.  POSIX from 2001 on changes this
+		rule to say that an abbreviation can contain only '-', '+',
 		and alphanumeric characters from the portable character set
-		in the current locale.  In practice ASCII alphanumerics and
-		'+' and '-' are safe in all locales.
+		in the current locale.  To be portable to both sets of
+		rules, an abbreviation must therefore use only ASCII
+		letters.
 
-		In other words, in the C locale the POSIX extended regular
-		expression [-+[:alnum:]]{3,} should match the abbreviation.
-		This guarantees that all abbreviations could have been
-		specified by a POSIX TZ string.
-
 	Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
 		e.g. 'EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.
 		We assume that applications translate them to other languages
@@ -227,10 +230,9 @@
 			name identifying each zone and append 'T', 'ST', etc.
 			as before; e.g. 'VLAST' for VLAdivostok Summer Time.
 
-	Use UT (with time zone abbreviation '-00') for locations while
-		uninhabited.  The leading '-' is a flag that the time
-		zone is in some sense undefined; this notation is
-		derived from Internet RFC 3339.
+	Use UT (with time zone abbreviation 'zzz') for locations while
+		uninhabited.  The 'zzz' mnemonic is that these locations are,
+		in some sense, asleep.
 
 Application writers should note that these abbreviations are ambiguous
 in practice: e.g. 'CST' has a different meaning in China than

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/africa
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/africa	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/africa	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # tz at iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -26,44 +26,38 @@
 #
 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
-# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
 #
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
+# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean.
+# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized.
 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
-# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
-# but Mark R V Murray reports that
-# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
-# 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
-# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
+# for UT +00 through +03, respectively,
+# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that
+# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa,
+# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and
+# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for
 # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
-# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
 #
-# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
-# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
-# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
-# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
-# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
+# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency:
+#	 +00	GMT	Greenwich Mean Time
+#	 +02	CAT	Central Africa Time
+#	 +02	SAST	South Africa Standard Time
+# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation:
+#	 +01	WAT	West Africa Time
+# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like.
+# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but
+# cannot now come up with solid citations.
 #
-# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
-#	-1:00	WAT	West Africa Time (no longer used)
-#	 0:00	GMT	Greenwich Mean Time
-#	 2:00	CAT	Central Africa Time
-#	 2:00	SAST	South Africa Standard Time
-# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
-#	 1:00	WAT	West Africa Time
-# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
-# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
-# until we get more information.
-#
 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
-#	 2:00	WAST	West Africa Summer Time
-#	 2:30	BEAT	British East Africa Time (no longer used)
-#	 2:45	BEAUT	British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
-#	 3:00	CAST	Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
-#	 3:00	SAST	South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
-#	 3:00	EAT	East Africa Time
+#	 +02	WAST	West Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+#	 +03	CAST	Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+#	 +03	SAST	South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+#	 +03	EAT	East Africa Time
+# 'EAT' also seems to have caught on; the others are rare but are paired
+# with better-attested non-DST abbreviations.
 
 # Algeria
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@@ -119,19 +113,19 @@
 # Cameroon
 # See Africa/Lagos.
 
-# Cape Verde
+# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde
 #
-# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to CVT.
-# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# merely made it official?
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
+# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02.
+# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
+# (see Europe/Lisbon).
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1907        # Praia
-			-2:00	-	CVT	1942 Sep
-			-2:00	1:00	CVST	1945 Oct 15
-			-2:00	-	CVT	1975 Nov 25  2:00
-			-1:00	-	CVT
+Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1912 Jan 01  2:00u # Praia
+			-2:00	-	-02	1942 Sep
+			-2:00	1:00	-01	1945 Oct 15
+			-2:00	-	-02	1975 Nov 25  2:00
+			-1:00	-	-01
 
 # Central African Republic
 # See Africa/Lagos.
@@ -164,7 +158,6 @@
 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome		# Togo
 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott	# Mauritania
 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou	# Burkina Faso
-Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome	# São Tomé and Príncipe
 Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena	# St Helena
 
 # Djibouti
@@ -224,7 +217,7 @@
 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
 Rule	Egypt	2007	only	-	Sep	Thu>=1	24:00	0	-
@@ -262,8 +255,8 @@
 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
 #
 # [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
-# [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
-# [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
+# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
+# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
@@ -273,10 +266,10 @@
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
 # Information and Decision Support Center:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
 #
 # The Middle East News Agency
-# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
+# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
@@ -326,7 +319,7 @@
 # Thursday of April....  Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but
 # dates not yet announced....
 # http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ...
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html
 
 # From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20):
 # Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at
@@ -377,18 +370,37 @@
 # See Africa/Abidjan.
 
 # Ghana
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-30):
+# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942 with 20 minutes of DST,
+# with transitions on 09-01 and 12-31 at 00:00.
+# Page 33 of Parish GCB, Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 1066. Gold
+# Coast. Report for 1919. (March 1921), OCLC 784024077
+# http://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/africana/books2011-05/5530214/5530214_1919/5530214_1919_opt.pdf
+# lists the Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919, No. 18,
+# "to advance the time observed locally by the space of twenty minutes
+# during the last four months of each year; the object in view being
+# to extend during those months the period of daylight-time available
+# for evening recreation after office hours."
+# Vanessa Ogle, The Global Transformation of Time, 1870-1950 (2015), p 33,
+# writes "In 1919, the Gold Coast (Ghana as of 1957) made Greenwich
+# time its legal time and simultaneously legalized a summer time of
+# UTC - 00:20 minutes from March to October."; a footnote lists
+# the ordinance as being dated 1919-11-24.
+# The Crown Colonist, Volume 12 (1942), p 176, says "the Government
+# intend advancing Gold Coast time half an hour ahead of G.M.T.
+# The actual date of the alteration has not yet been announced."
+# These sources are incomplete and contradictory.  Possibly what is
+# now Ghana observed different DST regimes in different years.  For
+# lack of better info, use Shanks except treat the minus sign as a
+# typo, and assume DST started in 1920 not 1936.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
-# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
-# and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
-# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
-# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
-# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
-Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	GHST
-Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	GMT
+Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	-
+Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
-			 0:00	Ghana	%s
+			 0:00	Ghana	GMT/+0020
 
 # Guinea
 # See Africa/Abidjan.
@@ -395,14 +407,14 @@
 
 # Guinea-Bissau
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
+# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect.
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1975
+Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  1:00u
+			-1:00	-	-01	1975
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Kenya
@@ -409,8 +421,8 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul
 			3:00	-	EAT	1930
-			2:30	-	BEAT	1940
-			2:45	-	BEAUT	1960
+			2:30	-	+0230	1940
+			2:45	-	+0245	1960
 			3:00	-	EAT
 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa	 # Ethiopia
 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara	 # Eritrea
@@ -426,18 +438,25 @@
 # See Africa/Johannesburg.
 
 # Liberia
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
-# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
-# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
-# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
-# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02):
+#
+# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30.
+#
+# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset
+# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.  The 1972 change was on
+# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of:
+# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of
+# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972.
+# Monrovia: Executive Mansion.
+#
+# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric
+# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit.
+#
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
 			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
-			-0:44:30 -	LRT	1972 May # Liberia Time
+			-0:44:30 -	MMT	1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -446,11 +465,11 @@
 
 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10):
 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10.
-# http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
+# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc
 #
 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in
-# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
 #
 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11):
 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1.
@@ -461,10 +480,10 @@
 # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25):
 # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was
 # cancelled yesterday....
-# http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/
+# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25):
-# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2.
+# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S
@@ -514,7 +533,7 @@
 # basis....
 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
 
 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
@@ -582,7 +601,7 @@
 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
 #
 # Our wrap-up:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
@@ -590,13 +609,13 @@
 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule Mauritius	1982	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule Mauritius	1982	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule Mauritius	1983	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	0	-
-Rule Mauritius	2008	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule Mauritius	2008	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule Mauritius	2009	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907 # Port Louis
-			4:00 Mauritius	MU%sT	# Mauritius Time
+			4:00 Mauritius	+04/+05
 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
 
@@ -614,7 +633,7 @@
 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
 # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
 #
-# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
 
 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
@@ -627,7 +646,7 @@
 
 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
 # According to this article:
-# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
+# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
 # (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>)
 # the changes occur at midnight:
 #
@@ -649,7 +668,7 @@
 # posted in English).
 #
 # The following Google query will generate many relevant hits:
-# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
+# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
@@ -660,7 +679,7 @@
 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
 #
 # We have some further details posted here:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
@@ -670,7 +689,7 @@
 # (French)
 #
 # Our summary:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
@@ -693,7 +712,7 @@
 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html
 # (French)
 # Our page:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
 
 # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30):
 # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format)
@@ -710,7 +729,7 @@
 # They said that the decision was already taken.
 #
 # More articles in the press
-# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html
+# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html
 # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923
 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim
 
@@ -802,7 +821,7 @@
 # 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of
 # 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015).
 # Source (french):
-# http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/
+# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/
 #
 # From Milamber (2015-06-09):
 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863
@@ -811,7 +830,7 @@
 # [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go
 # from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch....
 # I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in
-# <http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees
+# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees
 # with the patch.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-06-08):
@@ -915,7 +934,7 @@
 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
 
 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan # El Aaiún
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1976 Apr 14
+			-1:00	-	-01	1976 Apr 14
 			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT
 
 # Mozambique
@@ -922,7 +941,7 @@
 #
 # Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
+# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 # merely made it official?
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -936,10 +955,22 @@
 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi	# E Dem. Rep. of Congo
 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka	# Zambia
 
+
 # Namibia
-# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
-# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
 
+# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09):
+# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at
+# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf
+# and includes this nugget:
+# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the
+# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall
+# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on
+# Sunday 4 September 1994.
+
+# From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06):
+# ... both summer and winter time are called "standard"
+# (which differs from the use in Ireland) ...
+
 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30):
 # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html
 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
@@ -949,21 +980,58 @@
 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
 # of the country.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
-# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
-# we have no details.  In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
+# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally
+# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice.
+# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
+# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23.
+# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers
 
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09):
+# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST:
+# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/
+# This video is from the government decision:
+# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665
+# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at
+# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September:
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09):
+# Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally.
+# However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST.  See, e.g.:
+# http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706
+# https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia
+# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/
+# Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible
+# with Namibia's neighbors.
+
 # RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Namibia	1994	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Namibia	1995	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
+Rule	Namibia	1994	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	-1:00	WAT
+Rule	Namibia	1994	2017	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	0	CAT
+Rule	Namibia	1995	2017	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	-1:00	WAT
+# Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST.
+#Rule	Namibia	1994	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	0	WAT
+#Rule	Namibia	1994	2017	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	CAT
+#Rule	Namibia	1995	2017	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	WAT
+# End of rearguard section.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
-			1:30	-	SWAT	1903 Mar    # SW Africa Time
+			1:30	-	+0130	1903 Mar
 			2:00	-	SAST	1942 Sep 20  2:00
 			2:00	1:00	SAST	1943 Mar 21  2:00
 			2:00	-	SAST	1990 Mar 21 # independence
-			2:00	-	CAT	1994 Apr  3
-			1:00	Namibia	WA%sT
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
+			2:00	Namibia	%s
+# Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST.
+#			2:00	-	CAT	1994 Mar 21  0:00
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07):
+# The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24.  See:
+# http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf
+#			1:00	Namibia	%s	2017 Oct 24
+#			2:00	-	CAT
+# End of rearguard section.
 
 # Niger
 # See Africa/Lagos.
@@ -985,7 +1053,7 @@
 # Réunion
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
-			4:00	-	RET	# Réunion Time
+			4:00	-	+04
 #
 # Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
 #
@@ -1014,6 +1082,21 @@
 #	Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
 
 # São Tomé and Príncipe
+
+# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08):
+# Multiple sources tell that São Tomé changed from UTC to UTC+1 as
+# they entered the year 2018.
+# From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08):
+# the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017]
+# http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017
+
+Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
+			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1 00:00u # Lisbon MT
+			 0:00	-	GMT	2018 Jan  1 01:00
+			 1:00	-	WAT
+
 # Senegal
 # See Africa/Abidjan.
 
@@ -1020,7 +1103,7 @@
 # Seychelles
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun # Victoria
-			4:00	-	SCT	# Seychelles Time
+			4:00	-	+04
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
@@ -1050,7 +1133,7 @@
 # no information
 
 # Sudan
-#
+
 # From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html>
 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13),
 # also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
@@ -1057,7 +1140,17 @@
 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
 # Saturday....  This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
+
+# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17):
+# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00)
+# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017.
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18):
+# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the
+# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia
+# Abdalla of NTC, archived at:
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
@@ -1066,10 +1159,14 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
 			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
-			3:00	-	EAT
+			3:00	-	EAT	2017 Nov  1
+			2:00	-	CAT
 
 # South Sudan
-Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba
+# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+Zone	Africa/Juba	2:06:28 -	LMT	1931
+			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
+			3:00	-	EAT
 
 # Swaziland
 # See Africa/Johannesburg.
@@ -1107,11 +1204,11 @@
 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
 # (Arabic)
 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
-# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
+# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
 #
 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/antarctica
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/antarctica	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/antarctica	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@
 # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm
 # for information.
 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
-#
-# Except for the French entries,
-# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
+
 # FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
 
 # Argentina - year-round bases
@@ -28,8 +26,8 @@
 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
 #	previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
 #	Margaret Turner reports
-#	http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
-#	(1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
+#	https://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
+#	(1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST;
 #	presumably this is when they have visitors.
 #
 # year-round bases
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@
 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
 #
 # We have more background information here:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
@@ -64,27 +62,32 @@
 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
 #
 # Background:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
 
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28):
+# Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time
+# zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016".
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Casey	0	-	-00	1969
-			8:00	-	AWST	2009 Oct 18  2:00
-						# Australian Western Std Time
-			11:00	-	CAST	2010 Mar  5  2:00  # Casey Time
-			8:00	-	AWST	2011 Oct 28  2:00
-			11:00	-	CAST	2012 Feb 21 17:00u
-			8:00	-	AWST
+			8:00	-	+08	2009 Oct 18  2:00
+			11:00	-	+11	2010 Mar  5  2:00
+			8:00	-	+08	2011 Oct 28  2:00
+			11:00	-	+11	2012 Feb 21 17:00u
+			8:00	-	+08	2016 Oct 22
+			11:00	-	+11	2018 Mar 11  4:00
+			8:00	-	+08
 Zone Antarctica/Davis	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 13
-			7:00	-	DAVT	1964 Nov    # Davis Time
+			7:00	-	+07	1964 Nov
 			0	-	-00	1969 Feb
-			7:00	-	DAVT	2009 Oct 18  2:00
-			5:00	-	DAVT	2010 Mar 10 20:00u
-			7:00	-	DAVT	2011 Oct 28  2:00
-			5:00	-	DAVT	2012 Feb 21 20:00u
-			7:00	-	DAVT
+			7:00	-	+07	2009 Oct 18  2:00
+			5:00	-	+05	2010 Mar 10 20:00u
+			7:00	-	+07	2011 Oct 28  2:00
+			5:00	-	+05	2012 Feb 21 20:00u
+			7:00	-	+07
 Zone Antarctica/Mawson	0	-	-00	1954 Feb 13
-			6:00	-	MAWT	2009 Oct 18  2:00 # Mawson Time
-			5:00	-	MAWT
+			6:00	-	+06	2009 Oct 18  2:00
+			5:00	-	+05
 # References:
 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
@@ -108,7 +111,8 @@
 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
 # Prat, -6230-05941
 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
-# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
+# These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use
+# TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'.
 
 # China - year-round bases
 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
@@ -138,11 +142,11 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
-			5:00	-	TFT	# ISO code TF Time
+			5:00	-	+05
 #
 # year-round base in the main continent
 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
-# <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
+# <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
 #
 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
@@ -149,9 +153,9 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 -	-00	1947
-			10:00	-	PMT	1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
+			10:00	-	+10	1952 Jan 14
 			0	-	-00	1956 Nov
-			10:00	-	DDUT	# Dumont-d'Urville Time
+			10:00	-	+10
 
 # France & Italy - year-round base
 # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
@@ -177,7 +181,7 @@
 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Syowa	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 29
-			3:00	-	SYOT	# Syowa Time
+			3:00	-	+03
 # See:
 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
@@ -214,17 +218,17 @@
 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
-# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as
+# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as
 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
 # with only UTC and CEST.  Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	 1	1:00u	1:00	CET
-Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	2:00	CEST
-#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	1:00	CET
-#Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Nov	 7	1:00u	0:00	UTC
+#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	 1	1:00u	1:00	+01
+Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	2:00	+02
+#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	1:00	+01
+#Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Nov	 7	1:00u	0:00	+00
 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
-Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	0:00	UTC
+Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	0:00	+00
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Troll	0	-	-00	2005 Feb 12
 			0:00	Troll	%s
@@ -265,10 +269,10 @@
 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
 # solar noon.  So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
 # happened to be during their visit.  So we still don't really know what time
-# it is at Vostok.  But we'll guess UTC+6.
+# it is at Vostok.  But we'll guess +06.
 #
 Zone Antarctica/Vostok	0	-	-00	1957 Dec 16
-			6:00	-	VOST	# Vostok time
+			6:00	-	+06
 
 # S Africa - year-round bases
 # Marion Island, -4653+03752
@@ -301,7 +305,7 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Rothera	0	-	-00	1976 Dec  1
-			-3:00	-	ROTT	# Rothera time
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Uruguay - year round base
 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/asia
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/asia	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/asia	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # tz at iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2015-08-08):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-13):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #
 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
-# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
 #
 # For Russian data circa 1919, a source is:
 # Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919.
@@ -35,29 +35,24 @@
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
-# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
-# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
-# Corrections are welcome!
+# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables:
 #	     std  dst
 #	     LMT	Local Mean Time
 #	2:00 EET  EEST	Eastern European Time
 #	2:00 IST  IDT	Israel
-#	3:00 AST  ADT	Arabia*
-#	3:30 IRST IRDT	Iran*
-#	4:00 GST	Gulf*
 #	5:30 IST	India
-#	7:00 ICT	Indochina, most times and locations*
 #	7:00 WIB	west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
 #	8:00 WITA	central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
 #	8:00 CST	China
-#	8:00 IDT	Indochina, 1943-45, 1947-55, 1960-75 (some locations)*
-#	8:00 JWST	Western Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)*
-#	8:30 KST  KDT	Korea when at +0830*
-#	9:00 JCST	Central Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)
+#	8:30 KST  KDT	Korea when at +0830
 #	9:00 WIT	east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
 #	9:00 JST  JDT	Japan
 #	9:00 KST  KDT	Korea when at +09
 #	9:30 ACST	Australian Central Standard Time
+# Otherwise, these tables typically use numeric abbreviations like +03
+# and +0330 for integer hour and minute UT offsets.  Although earlier
+# editions invented alphabetic time zone abbreviations for every
+# offset, this did not reflect common practice.
 #
 # See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
 
@@ -65,7 +60,7 @@
 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
-# Worldwide Edition).  The names for time zones are guesses.
+# Worldwide Edition).
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -74,20 +69,20 @@
 Rule	EUAsia	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00u	1:00	S
 Rule	EUAsia	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
 Rule	EUAsia	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
-Rule E-EurAsia	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule E-EurAsia	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule E-EurAsia	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
 Rule E-EurAsia	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
-Rule RussiaAsia	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule RussiaAsia	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule RussiaAsia	1981	1983	-	Oct	1	 0:00	0	-
 Rule RussiaAsia	1984	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
-Rule RussiaAsia	1985	2011	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule RussiaAsia	1996	2011	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule RussiaAsia	1985	2010	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	-
+Rule RussiaAsia	1996	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
 
 # Afghanistan
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Kabul	4:36:48 -	LMT	1890
-			4:00	-	AFT	1945
-			4:30	-	AFT
+			4:00	-	+04	1945
+			4:30	-	+0430
 
 # Armenia
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
@@ -114,15 +109,17 @@
 # or
 # (brief)
 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule Armenia	2011	only	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	-
+Rule Armenia	2011	only	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			3:00	-	YERT	1957 Mar    # Yerevan Time
-			4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			3:00	1:00	YERST	1991 Sep 23 # independence
-			3:00 RussiaAsia	AM%sT	1995 Sep 24  2:00s
-			4:00	-	AMT	1997
-			4:00 RussiaAsia	AM%sT	2012 Feb  9
-			4:00	-	AMT
+			3:00	-	+03	1957 Mar
+			4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			3:00 RussiaAsia	+03/+04	1995 Sep 24  2:00s
+			4:00	-	+04	1997
+			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	2011
+			4:00	Armenia	+04/+05
 
 # Azerbaijan
 
@@ -134,22 +131,21 @@
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17):
 # ... the Azerbaijani Cabinet of Ministers has cancelled switching to
 # daylight saving time....
-# http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html
+# https://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html
 # http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html
 # http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijan_abolishes_daylight_savings_ti_240862.html
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Azer	1997	2015	-	Mar	lastSun	 4:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Azer	1997	2015	-	Mar	lastSun	 4:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Azer	1997	2015	-	Oct	lastSun	 5:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			3:00	-	BAKT	1957 Mar    # Baku Time
-			4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			3:00	1:00	BAKST	1991 Aug 30 # independence
-			3:00 RussiaAsia	AZ%sT	1992 Sep lastSun  2:00s
-			4:00	-	AZT	1996     # Azerbaijan Time
-			4:00	EUAsia	AZ%sT	1997
-			4:00	Azer	AZ%sT
+			3:00	-	+03	1957 Mar
+			4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			3:00 RussiaAsia	+03/+04	1992 Sep lastSun  2:00s
+			4:00	-	+04	1996
+			4:00	EUAsia	+04/+05	1997
+			4:00	Azer	+04/+05
 
 # Bahrain
 # See Asia/Qatar.
@@ -176,11 +172,11 @@
 # the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet.
 #
 # Some sources:
-# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
+# https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
 # http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2
 #
 # Our wrap-up:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
 
 # From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
 # Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start
@@ -227,24 +223,23 @@
 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Dhaka	2009	only	-	Jun	19	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Dhaka	2009	only	-	Jun	19	23:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Dhaka	2009	only	-	Dec	31	24:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Dhaka	6:01:40 -	LMT	1890
 			5:53:20	-	HMT	1941 Oct    # Howrah Mean Time?
-			6:30	-	BURT	1942 May 15 # Burma Time
-			5:30	-	IST	1942 Sep
-			6:30	-	BURT	1951 Sep 30
-			6:00	-	DACT	1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
-			6:00	-	BDT	2009
-			6:00	Dhaka	BD%sT
+			6:30	-	+0630	1942 May 15
+			5:30	-	+0530	1942 Sep
+			6:30	-	+0630	1951 Sep 30
+			6:00	-	+06	2009
+			6:00	Dhaka	+06/+07
 
 # Bhutan
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Thimphu	5:58:36 -	LMT	1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
-			5:30	-	IST	1987 Oct
-			6:00	-	BTT	# Bhutan Time
+			5:30	-	+0530	1987 Oct
+			6:00	-	+06
 
 # British Indian Ocean Territory
 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
@@ -254,25 +249,31 @@
 # then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Chagos	4:49:40	-	LMT	1907
-			5:00	-	IOT	1996 # BIOT Time
-			6:00	-	IOT
+			5:00	-	+05	1996
+			6:00	-	+06
 
 # Brunei
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Brunei	7:39:40 -	LMT	1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
-			7:30	-	BNT	1933
-			8:00	-	BNT
+			7:30	-	+0730	1933
+			8:00	-	+08
 
 # Burma / Myanmar
 
 # Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20):
+# Page 27 of Reed & Low (cited for Asia/Kolkata) says "Rangoon local time is
+# used upon the railways and telegraphs of Burma, and is 6h. 24m. 47s. ahead
+# of Greenwich."  This refers to the period before Burma's transition to +0630,
+# a transition for which Shanks is the only source.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Rangoon	6:24:40 -	LMT	1880        # or Yangon
-			6:24:40	-	RMT	1920        # Rangoon Mean Time?
-			6:30	-	BURT	1942 May    # Burma Time
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 May  3
-			6:30	-	MMT	# Myanmar Time
+Zone	Asia/Yangon	6:24:47 -	LMT	1880        # or Rangoon
+			6:24:47	-	RMT	1920        # Rangoon local time
+			6:30	-	+0630	1942 May
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 May  3
+			6:30	-	+0630
 
 # Cambodia
 # See Asia/Bangkok.
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@
 #
 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
 # I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
-# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
+# https://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
 # boundaries summarized below]....  A few other exceptions were two
 # counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
 # counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
@@ -335,7 +336,7 @@
 # (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
 # counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05):
 # Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources:
 #
 # (1)
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@
 # Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is
 # different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour
 # ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai."  Guess that the
-# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT+8.
+# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT +08.
 #
 # In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but
 # this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger.
@@ -392,29 +393,27 @@
 # Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice
 # mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were:
 #
-# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT+8.5
-# Asia/Harbin (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
+# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30
+# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here.
 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
 #
-# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT+8
-# Asia/Shanghai
+# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08
+# Now part of Asia/Shanghai.
 # most of China
-# This currently represents most other zones as well,
-# as apparently these regions have been the same since 1970.
 # Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest.
-# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT+8 "from the end of the 19th century".
+# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century".
 #
-# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) UT+7
-# Asia/Chongqing (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
+# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07
+# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here.
 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
-# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
+# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; east Qinghai; and the Guangdong
 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
 #
-# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT+6
-# Asia/Urumqi
-# This currently represents Kunlun Time as well,
-# as apparently the two regions have been the same since 1970.
+# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06
+# This region is now part of either Asia/Urumqi or Asia/Shanghai with
+# current boundaries uncertain; times before 1970 for areas that
+# disagree with Ürümqi or Shanghai are not recorded here.
 # The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
 # the Guangdong counties  Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
 # Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
@@ -424,8 +423,8 @@
 # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
 # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
 #
-# Kunlun Time UT+5.5
-# Asia/Kashgar (currently a link to Asia/Urumqi)
+# Kunlun Time UT +05:30
+# This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above).
 # West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
 # West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
 # Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
@@ -440,7 +439,7 @@
 #
 # On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
 # population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
-# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
+# hours behind Beijing time, or UT +06. The government of the Xinjiang
 # Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
 # local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in
 # publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
@@ -480,7 +479,7 @@
 
 # From David Cochrane (2014-03-26):
 # Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986:
-# http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html
+# https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html
 
 # From Luther Ma (2014-04-22):
 # I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from
@@ -496,8 +495,8 @@
 # having the same time as Beijing.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
-# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT+6) but
-# this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun,
+# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT +06)
+# but this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun,
 # Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN
 # 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x.
 # As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone.
@@ -511,12 +510,12 @@
 # Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of
 # China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be
 # quite a trick.  Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to
-# XJT at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren,
+# UT +06 at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren,
 # which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a
-# guess) as the transition from LMT.  Ignore the usage of UT+8 before
-# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to UT+8 is unknown and
+# guess) as the transition from LMT.  Ignore the usage of +08 before
+# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and
 # that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the
-# UT+8 mandate back then.
+# +08 mandate back then.
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai.
@@ -526,7 +525,7 @@
 # Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi
 # / Wulumuqi.  (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
 Zone	Asia/Urumqi	5:50:20	-	LMT	1928
-			6:00	-	XJT
+			6:00	-	+06
 
 
 # Hong Kong (Xianggang)
@@ -637,7 +636,7 @@
 # (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on
 # 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be
 # found on Wikisource:
-# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
+# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
 # ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because
 # during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone
 # declared officially.
@@ -648,17 +647,17 @@
 # time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in
 # western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan
 # territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time
-# (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can
+# (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can
 # be found on Wikisource:
-# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
+# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
 #
-# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UTC+9 on Oct 1, 1937.
+# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UT+9 on Oct 1, 1937.
 
 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
-# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UTC+9
-# back to UTC+8 after WW2.  I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945.  In a document
+# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UT+9
+# back to UT+8 after WW2.  I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945.  In a document
 # during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time
-# zone back to Western Standard Time (UTC+8) on Sep 21.  And in another
+# zone back to Western Standard Time (UT+8) on Sep 21.  And in another
 # history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a
 # note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time".  From these two
 # materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21.  And
@@ -721,7 +720,7 @@
 # be found from historical government announcement database.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03):
-# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT+9 from 1937-10-01
+# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01
 # until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger.
 # Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan.
 
@@ -745,38 +744,54 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei
 Zone	Asia/Taipei	8:06:00 -	LMT	1896 Jan  1
-			8:00	-	JWST	1937 Oct  1
+			8:00	-	CST	1937 Oct  1
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 21  1:00
 			8:00	Taiwan	C%sT
 
 # Macau (Macao, Aomen)
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Macau	1961	1962	-	Mar	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1961	1964	-	Nov	Sun>=1	3:30	0	-
-Rule	Macau	1963	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1964	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1965	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1965	only	-	Oct	31	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Macau	1966	1971	-	Apr	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1966	1971	-	Oct	Sun>=16	3:30	0	-
-Rule	Macau	1972	1974	-	Apr	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1972	1973	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Macau	1974	1977	-	Oct	Sun>=15	3:30	0	-
-Rule	Macau	1975	1977	-	Apr	Sun>=15	3:30	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Macau	1978	1980	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Macau	1961	1962	-	Mar	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1961	1964	-	Nov	Sun>=1	3:30	0	S
+Rule	Macau	1963	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1964	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1965	only	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1965	only	-	Oct	31	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Macau	1966	1971	-	Apr	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1966	1971	-	Oct	Sun>=16	3:30	0	S
+Rule	Macau	1972	1974	-	Apr	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1972	1973	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Macau	1974	1977	-	Oct	Sun>=15	3:30	0	S
+Rule	Macau	1975	1977	-	Apr	Sun>=15	3:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Macau	1978	1980	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	0	S
+# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Macau	7:34:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1
-			8:00	Macau	MO%sT	1999 Dec 20 # return to China
-			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+Zone	Asia/Macau	7:34:20 -	LMT	1911 Dec 31 16:00u
+			8:00	Macau	C%sT
 
 
 ###############################################################################
 
 # Cyprus
-#
+
 # Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00.  Stick with LMT.
+# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09):
+# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's
+# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round.
+# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/
 #
+# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31):
+# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night.
+# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18):
+# Northern Cyprus will reinstate winter time on October 29, thus
+# staying in sync with the rest of Cyprus.  See: Anastasiou A.
+# Cyprus to remain united in time.  Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17.
+# https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Apr	13	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Oct	12	0:00	0	-
@@ -791,7 +806,11 @@
 Zone	Asia/Nicosia	2:13:28 -	LMT	1921 Nov 14
 			2:00	Cyprus	EE%sT	1998 Sep
 			2:00	EUAsia	EE%sT
-# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+Zone	Asia/Famagusta	2:15:48	-	LMT	1921 Nov 14
+			2:00	Cyprus	EE%sT	1998 Sep
+			2:00	EUAsia	EE%sT	2016 Sep  8
+			3:00	-	+03	2017 Oct 29 1:00u
+			2:00	EUAsia	EE%sT
 
 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
@@ -835,16 +854,15 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:11 -	LMT	1880
 			2:59:11	-	TBMT	1924 May  2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
-			3:00	-	TBIT	1957 Mar    # Tbilisi Time
-			4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			3:00	1:00	TBIST	1991 Apr  9 # independence
-			3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT	1992        # Georgia Time
-			3:00 E-EurAsia	GE%sT	1994 Sep lastSun
-			4:00 E-EurAsia	GE%sT	1996 Oct lastSun
-			4:00	1:00	GEST	1997 Mar lastSun
-			4:00 E-EurAsia	GE%sT	2004 Jun 27
-			3:00 RussiaAsia	GE%sT	2005 Mar lastSun  2:00
-			4:00	-	GET
+			3:00	-	+03	1957 Mar
+			4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04	1992
+			3:00 E-EurAsia	+03/+04	1994 Sep lastSun
+			4:00 E-EurAsia	+04/+05	1996 Oct lastSun
+			4:00	1:00	+05	1997 Mar lastSun
+			4:00 E-EurAsia	+04/+05	2004 Jun 27
+			3:00 RussiaAsia	+03/+04	2005 Mar lastSun  2:00
+			4:00	-	+04
 
 # East Timor
 
@@ -852,7 +870,7 @@
 
 # From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
 # East Timor may be late for its millennium
-# <http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31):
+# <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31):
 # Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
 # rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
 # Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
@@ -872,16 +890,15 @@
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Dili	8:22:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1
-			8:00	-	TLT	1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			9:00	-	TLT	1976 May  3
-			8:00	-	WITA	2000 Sep 17  0:00
-			9:00	-	TLT
+			8:00	-	+08	1942 Feb 21 23:00
+			9:00	-	+09	1976 May  3
+			8:00	-	+08	2000 Sep 17  0:00
+			9:00	-	+09
 
 # India
 
 # From Ian P. Beacock, in "A brief history of (modern) time", The Atlantic
-# http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/
+# https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/
 # (2015-12-22):
 # In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the
 # outskirts of Bombay....  They were protesting the proposed abolition of
@@ -888,14 +905,55 @@
 # local time in favor of Indian Standard Time....  Journalists called this
 # dispute the "Battle of the Clocks."  It lasted nearly half a century.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20):
+# Good luck trying to nail down old timekeeping records in India.
+# "... in the nineteenth century ... Madras Observatory took its magnetic
+# measurements on Göttingen time, its meteorological measurements on Madras
+# (local) time, dropped its time ball on Greenwich (ocean navigator's) time,
+# and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time:
+# 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19.
+# "A more potent cause of resistance to the general adoption of the present
+# standard time lies in the fact that it is Madras time.  The citizen of
+# Bombay, proud of being 'primus in Indis' and of Calcutta, equally proud of
+# his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat
+# of the Supreme Government, alike look down on Madras, and refuse to change
+# the time they are using, for that of what they regard as a benighted
+# Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the
+# rest of India, would resist the adoption of any other Indian standard in its
+# place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement.
+# Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55.
+#
+# "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the
+# only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time,
+# first to be adopted on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR)....
+# Calcutta, Bombay, and Karachi, were to be allowed to continue with their
+# local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and
+# Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145.
+#
+# Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8.
+# https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282212
+# This lists +052110 as Madras local time used in railways, and says that on
+# 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530.  Some
+# municipalities retained their former time, and the time in Calcutta
+# continued to depend on whether you were at the railway station or at
+# government offices.  Government time was at +055320 (according to Shanks) or
+# at +0554 (according to the Indian Year Book).  Railway time is more
+# appropriate for our purposes, as it was better documented, it is what we do
+# elsewhere (e.g., Europe/London before 1880), and after 1906 it was
+# consistent in the region now identified by Asia/Kolkata.  So, use railway
+# time for 1870-1941.  Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the
+# 1941-1945 data.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1880        # Kolkata
-			5:53:20	-	HMT	1941 Oct    # Howrah Mean Time?
-			6:30	-	BURT	1942 May 15 # Burma Time
+Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata
+			5:53:20	-	HMT	1870	    # Howrah Mean Time?
+			5:21:10	-	MMT	1906 Jan  1 # Madras local time
+			5:30	-	IST	1941 Oct
+			5:30	1:00	+0630	1942 May 15
 			5:30	-	IST	1942 Sep
-			5:30	1:00	IST	1945 Oct 15
+			5:30	1:00	+0630	1945 Oct 15
 			5:30	-	IST
-# The following are like Asia/Kolkata:
+# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata:
 #	Andaman Is
 #	Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
 #	Nicobar Is
@@ -921,7 +979,7 @@
 # These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
 # Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions
 # Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
-# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
+# from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
 # (Hollandia).  For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
 # switched on 1945-09-23.
 #
@@ -932,11 +990,11 @@
 # summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the
 # Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology,
 # Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
-# The abbreviations are:
+# The time zone abbreviations and UT offsets are:
 #
-# WIB  - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
-# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
-# WIT  - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
+# WIB  - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
+# WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
+# WIT  - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Java, Sumatra
@@ -944,33 +1002,33 @@
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
 # but this must be a typo.
 			7:07:12	-	BMT	1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
-			7:20	-	JAVT	1932 Nov    # Java Time
-			7:30	-	WIB	1942 Mar 23
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			7:30	-	WIB	1948 May
-			8:00	-	WIB	1950 May
-			7:30	-	WIB	1964
+			7:20	-	+0720	1932 Nov
+			7:30	-	+0730	1942 Mar 23
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 23
+			7:30	-	+0730	1948 May
+			8:00	-	+08	1950 May
+			7:30	-	+0730	1964
 			7:00	-	WIB
 # west and central Borneo
 Zone Asia/Pontianak	7:17:20	-	LMT	1908 May
 			7:17:20	-	PMT	1932 Nov    # Pontianak MT
-			7:30	-	WIB	1942 Jan 29
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			7:30	-	WIB	1948 May
-			8:00	-	WIB	1950 May
-			7:30	-	WIB	1964
+			7:30	-	+0730	1942 Jan 29
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 23
+			7:30	-	+0730	1948 May
+			8:00	-	+08	1950 May
+			7:30	-	+0730	1964
 			8:00	-	WITA	1988 Jan  1
 			7:00	-	WIB
 # Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
 Zone Asia/Makassar	7:57:36 -	LMT	1920
 			7:57:36	-	MMT	1932 Nov    # Macassar MT
-			8:00	-	WITA	1942 Feb  9
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
+			8:00	-	+08	1942 Feb  9
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 23
 			8:00	-	WITA
 # Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
 Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
-			9:00	-	WIT	1944 Sep  1
-			9:30	-	ACST	1964
+			9:00	-	+09	1944 Sep  1
+			9:30	-	+0930	1964
 			9:00	-	WIT
 
 # Iran
@@ -1002,8 +1060,6 @@
 # for at least the last 5 years.  Before that, for a few years, the
 # date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
 # Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
-# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
-# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
 #
 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
 # The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
@@ -1039,7 +1095,7 @@
 # From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen:
 # ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
 # daylight saving time ...
-# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
+# https://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
 #
 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
 # This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of
@@ -1051,53 +1107,53 @@
 # thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Iran	1978	1980	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Oct	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	Sep	19	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Sep	23	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	1991	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	1992	1995	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	1991	1995	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Iran	1978	1980	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Oct	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	Sep	19	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Sep	23	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1991	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1992	1995	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1991	1995	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2021	2023	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2024	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2025	2027	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2028	2029	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2030	2031	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2032	2033	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2034	2035	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
 #
 # The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2038.
 # These are the best post-2037 approximations available, given the
@@ -1104,15 +1160,15 @@
 # restrictions of a single rule using a Gregorian-based data format.
 # At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite
 # possibly Iran will change the rules first.
-Rule	Iran	2036	max	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iran	2036	max	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Iran	2036	max	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iran	2036	max	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Tehran	3:25:44	-	LMT	1916
 			3:25:44	-	TMT	1946     # Tehran Mean Time
-			3:30	-	IRST	1977 Nov
-			4:00	Iran	IR%sT	1979
-			3:30	Iran	IR%sT
+			3:30	-	+0330	1977 Nov
+			4:00	Iran	+04/+05	1979
+			3:30	Iran	+0330/+0430
 
 
 # Iraq
@@ -1138,25 +1194,25 @@
 # http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
 #
 # We have published a short article in English about the change:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Iraq	1982	only	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iraq	1982	1984	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Iraq	1983	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iraq	1984	1985	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Iraq	1985	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
-Rule	Iraq	1986	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	D
+Rule	Iraq	1982	only	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iraq	1982	1984	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Iraq	1983	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iraq	1984	1985	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Iraq	1985	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
+Rule	Iraq	1986	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	-
 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo.
 # Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
 #
-Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Apr	 1	3:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Oct	 1	3:00s	0	S
+Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Apr	 1	3:00s	1:00	-
+Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Oct	 1	3:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Baghdad	2:57:40	-	LMT	1890
 			2:57:36	-	BMT	1918     # Baghdad Mean Time?
-			3:00	-	AST	1982 May
-			3:00	Iraq	A%sT
+			3:00	-	+03	1982 May
+			3:00	Iraq	+03/+04
 
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -1409,22 +1465,21 @@
 # of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
 # wanted to keep it.)
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
+# From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19):
+# The source of information is Japanese law.
+# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00219480428029.htm
+# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00719500331039.htm
+# ... In summary, it is written as follows.  From 24:00 on the first Saturday
+# in May, until 0:00 on the day after the second Saturday in September.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Japan	1948	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Japan	1948	1951	-	Sep	Sat>=8	2:00	0	S
-Rule	Japan	1949	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Japan	1950	1951	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
-# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
-# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases.  For now, assume
-# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
-# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
+Rule	Japan	1948	only	-	May	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Japan	1948	1951	-	Sep	Sun>=9	 0:00	0	S
+Rule	Japan	1949	only	-	Apr	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Japan	1950	1951	-	May	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
 
 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
-# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s),
-# 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N.
+# Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N.
 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
@@ -1432,10 +1487,10 @@
 
 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
-# which stands for the time on 135 degrees E.
+# which stands for the time on 135° E.
 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
 # standard time".  And the same ordinance also established "western standard
-# time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E....  But "western standard
+# time", which stands for the time on 120° E....  But "western standard
 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937).  In the ordinance No.
 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
 # standard....
@@ -1446,17 +1501,15 @@
 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
 # ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause
 # about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896.
-# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
+# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
 #
 # ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which
 # means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan
-# Central Time (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
-# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
+# Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
+# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Tokyo	9:18:59	-	LMT	1887 Dec 31 15:00u
-			9:00	-	JST	1896 Jan  1
-			9:00	-	JCST	1937 Oct  1
 			9:00	Japan	J%sT
 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
 
@@ -1515,7 +1568,7 @@
 # Official, in Arabic:
 # http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14
 # ... Our background/permalink about it
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
 # ...
 # http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P
 # ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future
@@ -1574,12 +1627,12 @@
 # was "blended" with the Central zone.  Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
 # two time zones, and difference between them is one hour.  The zone
 # closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
-# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
-# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan.  The other zone encompasses
+# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtöbe, Atyraū,
+# Mangghystaū, and West Kazakhstan.  The other zone encompasses
 # everything else....  I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
 # de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
 
-# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27) ([*] means see later comments below):
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27):
 # Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/
 # produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan:
 #
@@ -1625,7 +1678,7 @@
 #
 # This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while
 # the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06
-# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Kzyl-Orda oblast moved into the fifth
+# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Qyzylorda oblast moved into the fifth
 # time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ...
 #
 # 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan
@@ -1638,18 +1691,18 @@
 # on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at
 # 2:00, specified DST rules.  It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was
 # located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the
-# border between them to be located east of Kustanay and Aktyubinsk
-# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Kzyl-Orda oblasts into the fifth
+# border between them to be located east of Qostanay and Aktyubinsk
+# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Qyzylorda oblasts into the fifth
 # time belt).
 #
 # This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for
-# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyrau and Kustanay oblasts; from
-# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk) [*]....
+# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyraū and Qostanay oblasts; from
+# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk)....
 #
 # 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 1992-03-27 No. 284
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_
-# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Kzyl-Orda oblasts
+# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Qyzylorda oblasts
 # since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth
 # and the fifth time belts respectively.
 #
@@ -1656,7 +1709,7 @@
 # 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 1994-09-23 No. 384
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_
-# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangystau
+# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangghystaū
 # oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on
 # the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a
 # result)....
@@ -1670,15 +1723,12 @@
 # 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 1999-03-26 No. 305
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_
-# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyrau oblast since the
+# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyraū oblast since the
 # last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth
 # time belt.
 #
-# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.
+# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05....
 #
-# There is no zone for Atyrau currently (listed under Asia/Aqtau in
-# zone1970.tab).[*]
-#
 # 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 2000-11-23 No. 1749
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000
@@ -1687,10 +1737,10 @@
 # The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the
 # fourth and the fifth time belts.  They account for changes in spelling
 # and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997
-# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Kostanay oblast
-# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Kyzylorda oblast
+# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Qostanay oblast
+# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Qyzylorda oblast
 # from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the
-# fourth time belt (no change in practice).[*]
+# fourth time belt (no change in practice).
 #
 # 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 2003-12-29 No. 1342
@@ -1700,7 +1750,7 @@
 # 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 2004-07-20 No. 775
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004
-# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Kostanay and Kyzylorda oblasts into
+# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into
 # the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not
 # using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time
 # zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07).  The changes were to be implemented
@@ -1712,14 +1762,14 @@
 # http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_
 # modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time"
 # (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the
-# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyrau, West Kazakhstan,
-# Kostanay, Kyzylorda and Mangystau oblasts by not moving clocks
-# during the 2014 transition to "winter" time.
+# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan,
+# Qostanay, Qyzylorda and Mangghystaū oblasts by not moving clocks
+# during the 2004 transition to "winter" time.
 #
-# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyrau oblast (no
+# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyraū oblast (no
 # zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to
-# +06/+07 for Kostanay oblast (Kostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently)
-# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00....[*]
+# +06/+07 for Qostanay oblast (Qostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently)
+# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00....
 #
 # 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
 # from 2005-03-15 No. 231
@@ -1735,14 +1785,25 @@
 # Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27
 # act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2016-04-15):
-# The tables below should reflect Stepan Golosunov's remarks above,
-# except for the items marked "[*]" which I haven't gotten to yet.
-# It looks like we will need new zones Asia/Atyrau and Asia/Qostanay
-# to handle changes from 1992 through 2004 that we did not previously
-# know about.
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08):
+# Turgai reorganization should affect only southern part of Qostanay
+# oblast.  Which should probably be separated into Asia/Arkalyk zone.
+# (There were also 1970, 1988 and 1990 Turgai oblast reorganizations
+# according to wikipedia.)
+#
+# [For Qostanay] http://www.ng.kz/gazeta/195/hranit/
+# suggests that clocks were to be moved 40 minutes backwards on
+# 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt.  But I do not understand
+# how that could happen....
+#
+# [For Atyrau and Oral] 1919 decree
+# (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html
+# and in Byalokoz) lists Ural river (plus 10 versts on its left bank) in
+# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03).
 
-#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06):
+# The tables below reflect Golosunov's remarks, with exceptions as noted.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
@@ -1755,6 +1816,8 @@
 			6:00 RussiaAsia	+06/+07	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
 			6:00	-	+06
 # Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY)
+# This currently includes Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-KUS);
+# see comments below.
 Zone	Asia/Qyzylorda	4:21:52 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
 			5:00	-	+05	1981 Apr  1
@@ -1766,7 +1829,21 @@
 			6:00 RussiaAsia	+06/+07	1992 Mar 29  2:00s
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
 			6:00	-	+06
-# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT)
+# The following zone is like Asia/Qyzylorda except for being one
+# hour earlier from 1991-09-29 to 1992-03-29.  The 1991/2 rules for
+# Qostanay are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai
+# reorganization, so this zone is commented out for now.
+#Zone	Asia/Qostanay	4:14:20 -	LMT	1924 May  2
+#			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
+#			5:00	-	+05	1981 Apr  1
+#			5:00	1:00	+06	1981 Oct  1
+#			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
+#			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+#			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+#			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
+#			6:00	-	+06
+#
+# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT)
 Zone	Asia/Aqtobe	3:48:40	-	LMT	1924 May  2
 			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
 			5:00	-	+05	1981 Apr  1
@@ -1776,14 +1853,11 @@
 			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
 			5:00	-	+05
-# Qostanay (KZ-KUS)
-
-# Mangghystau (KZ-MAN)
+# Mangghystaū (KZ-MAN)
 # Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
 # so include time stamps before 1963.
 Zone	Asia/Aqtau	3:21:04	-	LMT	1924 May  2
 			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
-			5:00	-	+05	1963
 			5:00	-	+05	1981 Oct  1
 			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
@@ -1791,12 +1865,22 @@
 			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1994 Sep 25  2:00s
 			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
 			5:00	-	+05
-
+# Atyraū (KZ-ATY) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from
+# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994.
+Zone	Asia/Atyrau	3:27:44	-	LMT	1924 May  2
+			3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			5:00	-	+05	1981 Oct  1
+			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1999 Mar 28  2:00s
+			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	2004 Oct 31  2:00s
+			5:00	-	+05
 # West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP)
 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
 Zone	Asia/Oral	3:25:24	-	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ural'sk
-			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
+			3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
 			5:00	-	+05	1981 Apr  1
 			5:00	1:00	+06	1981 Oct  1
 			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
@@ -1819,17 +1903,17 @@
 # From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Kyrgyz	1992	1996	-	Apr	Sun>=7	0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Kyrgyz	1992	1996	-	Apr	Sun>=7	0:00s	1:00	-
 Rule	Kyrgyz	1992	1996	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Kyrgyz	1997	2005	-	Mar	lastSun	2:30	1:00	S
+Rule	Kyrgyz	1997	2005	-	Mar	lastSun	2:30	1:00	-
 Rule	Kyrgyz	1997	2004	-	Oct	lastSun	2:30	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			5:00	-	FRUT	1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
-			6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			5:00	1:00	FRUST	1991 Aug 31  2:00 # independence
-			5:00	Kyrgyz	KG%sT	2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
-			6:00	-	KGT
+			5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
+			6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1991 Aug 31  2:00
+			5:00	Kyrgyz	+05/+06	2005 Aug 12
+			6:00	-	+06
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -1842,9 +1926,9 @@
 # between 1987 and 1988 ...
 
 # From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29):
-# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html
 # According to the Korean Wikipedia
-# http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시
+# https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시
 # [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC]
 # DST in Republic of Korea was as follows....  And I checked old
 # newspapers in Korean, all articles correspond with data in Wikipedia.
@@ -1868,25 +1952,24 @@
 Rule	ROK	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	ROK	1987	1988	-	Oct	Sun>=8	3:00	0	S
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-30):
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23):
 # The Korean Wikipedia entry gives the following sources for UT offsets:
 #
-# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (Edict No. 5)
+# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (decree No. 5)
 # 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367
 #       (Announcement No. 338)
 # 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17)
 # 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07)
-# 1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)
 #
-# The Wikipedia entry also has confusing information about a change
-# to UT+9 in April 1910, but then what would be the point of the later change
-# to UT+9 on 1912-01-01?  Omit the 1910 change for now.
+# (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30
+# edition of the Korean Wikipedia entry.)
 #
 # I guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same
 # rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST
 # when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII.
 #
-# For Pyongyang we have no information; guess no changes since World War II.
+# For Pyongyang, guess no changes from World War II until 2015, as we
+# have no information otherwise.
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07):
 # According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to
@@ -1900,10 +1983,22 @@
 # There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone.
 # Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK.
 
+# From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29):
+# North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang
+# Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time).
+#
+# From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30):
+# Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan.
+# https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf
+# ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ...  Citation should be Decree
+# No. 2232 of April 30, 2018, of the Presidium of the Supreme People's
+# Assembly, as published in Rodong Sinmun.
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29):
+# It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Seoul	8:27:52	-	LMT	1908 Apr  1
 			8:30	-	KST	1912 Jan  1
-			9:00	-	JCST	1937 Oct  1
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  8
 			9:00	-	KST	1954 Mar 21
 			8:30	ROK	K%sT	1961 Aug 10
@@ -1910,10 +2005,10 @@
 			9:00	ROK	K%sT
 Zone	Asia/Pyongyang	8:23:00 -	LMT	1908 Apr  1
 			8:30	-	KST	1912 Jan  1
-			9:00	-	JCST	1937 Oct  1
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug 24
 			9:00	-	KST	2015 Aug 15 00:00
-			8:30	-	KST
+			8:30	-	KST	2018 May  5
+			9:00	-	KST
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -1956,7 +2051,7 @@
 
 # Malaysia
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Sep	14	0:00	0:20	TS # one-Third Summer
+Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Sep	14	0:00	0:20	-
 Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Dec	14	0:00	0	-
 #
 # peninsular Malaysia
@@ -1965,13 +2060,13 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur	6:46:46 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
 			6:55:25	-	SMT	1905 Jun  1 # Singapore M.T.
-			7:00	-	MALT	1933 Jan  1 # Malaya Time
-			7:00	0:20	MALST	1936 Jan  1
-			7:20	-	MALT	1941 Sep  1
-			7:30	-	MALT	1942 Feb 16
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 12
-			7:30	-	MALT	1982 Jan  1
-			8:00	-	MYT	# Malaysia Time
+			7:00	-	+07	1933 Jan  1
+			7:00	0:20	+0720	1936 Jan  1
+			7:20	-	+0720	1941 Sep  1
+			7:30	-	+0730	1942 Feb 16
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 12
+			7:30	-	+0730	1982 Jan  1
+			8:00	-	+08
 # Sabah & Sarawak
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
 # The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945
@@ -1978,17 +2073,16 @@
 # and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Asia/Kuching	7:21:20	-	LMT	1926 Mar
-			7:30	-	BORT	1933        # Borneo Time
-			8:00	NBorneo	BOR%sT	1942 Feb 16
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 12
-			8:00	-	BORT	1982 Jan  1
-			8:00	-	MYT
+			7:30	-	+0730	1933
+			8:00 NBorneo  +08/+0820	1942 Feb 16
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 12
+			8:00	-	+08
 
 # Maldives
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Indian/Maldives	4:54:00 -	LMT	1880 # Male
-			4:54:00	-	MMT	1960 # Male Mean Time
-			5:00	-	MVT	# Maldives Time
+Zone	Indian/Maldives	4:54:00 -	LMT	1880 # Malé
+			4:54:00	-	MMT	1960 # Malé Mean Time
+			5:00	-	+05
 
 # Mongolia
 
@@ -2046,7 +2140,7 @@
 # Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
 # there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
 # Windows XP as the source.  Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that
-# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
+# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UT +07, +08) with no DST.
 # Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
 # Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
 # He also found
@@ -2070,7 +2164,7 @@
 # +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
 # database on this, e.g.:
 #
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
 # http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
 #
 # both say GMT+08:00.
@@ -2102,7 +2196,7 @@
 # http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Mongol	1983	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Mongol	1983	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Mongol	1983	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
 # but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00.  Also, IATA SSIM
@@ -2115,37 +2209,41 @@
 # correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
 # in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
 
-Rule	Mongol	1985	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09):
+# Mongolian Government meeting has concluded today to cancel daylight
+# saving time adoption in Mongolia.  Source: http://zasag.mn/news/view/16192
+
+Rule	Mongol	1985	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Mongol	1984	1998	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
-Rule	Mongol	2001	only	-	Apr	lastSat	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Mongol	2001	only	-	Apr	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Mongol	2001	2006	-	Sep	lastSat	2:00	0	-
-Rule	Mongol	2002	2006	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Mongol	2015	max	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Mongol	2015	max	-	Sep	lastSat	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Mongol	2002	2006	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Mongol	2015	2016	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Mongol	2015	2016	-	Sep	lastSat	0:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
 Zone	Asia/Hovd	6:06:36 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-			6:00	-	HOVT	1978     # Hovd Time
-			7:00	Mongol	HOV%sT
+			6:00	-	+06	1978
+			7:00	Mongol	+07/+08
 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
 Zone	Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-			7:00	-	ULAT	1978     # Ulaanbaatar Time
-			8:00	Mongol	ULA%sT
+			7:00	-	+07	1978
+			8:00	Mongol	+08/+09
 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
 Zone	Asia/Choibalsan	7:38:00 -	LMT	1905 Aug
-			7:00	-	ULAT	1978
-			8:00	-	ULAT	1983 Apr
-			9:00	Mongol	CHO%sT	2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
-			8:00	Mongol	CHO%sT
+			7:00	-	+07	1978
+			8:00	-	+08	1983 Apr
+			9:00	Mongol	+09/+10	2008 Mar 31
+			8:00	Mongol	+08/+09
 
 # Nepal
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Kathmandu	5:41:16 -	LMT	1920
-			5:30	-	IST	1986
-			5:45	-	NPT	# Nepal Time
+			5:30	-	+0530	1986
+			5:45	-	+0545
 
 # Oman
 # See Asia/Dubai.
@@ -2196,7 +2294,7 @@
 # help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at
 # 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...."
 #
-# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
 # http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
@@ -2262,7 +2360,7 @@
 #
 # We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
 # Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
 
 # From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01):
 # [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
@@ -2294,10 +2392,10 @@
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
-			5:30	-	IST	1942 Sep
-			5:30	1:00	IST	1945 Oct 15
-			5:30	-	IST	1951 Sep 30
-			5:00	-	KART	1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
+			5:30	-	+0530	1942 Sep
+			5:30	1:00	+0630	1945 Oct 15
+			5:30	-	+0530	1951 Sep 30
+			5:00	-	+05	1971 Mar 26
 			5:00 Pakistan	PK%sT	# Pakistan Time
 
 # Palestine
@@ -2444,7 +2542,7 @@
 #
 # We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
 # end date, we will keep this page updated:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
 # Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
@@ -2482,7 +2580,7 @@
 # the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
 # Gaza and the West Bank.
 # Some more background info:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
 # Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
@@ -2492,7 +2590,7 @@
 #
 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
 # Additional info:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
 # According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
@@ -2502,7 +2600,7 @@
 # The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
 # the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
 # ...
-# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
+# https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file.
 
@@ -2523,7 +2621,7 @@
 # http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
 #
 # Our brief summary:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
 # The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
@@ -2543,17 +2641,12 @@
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03):
 # Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257
-# and http://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will
+# and https://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will
 # start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03):
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014
 # says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00.
-# For future dates, guess the last Friday in March at 24:00 through
-# the first Friday on or after October 21 at 00:00.  This is consistent with
-# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron
 
 # From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09):
 # http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728
@@ -2560,11 +2653,32 @@
 # [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight
 # saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning,
 # 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead."
+
+# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19):
+# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on
+# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf
+# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-12):
-# Predict spring transitions on March's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on.
-# Leave fall predictions alone for now.
+# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-19):
+# Predict fall transitions on October's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on.
+# This is consistent with the 2016 transition as well as our spring
+# predictions.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-19):
+# It's also consistent with predictions in the following URLs today:
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron
 
+# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16):
+# Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 by advancing the
+# clock by 60 minutes as per Palestinian cabinet decision published on
+# the official website, though the decree did not specify the exact
+# time of the time shift.
+# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-16):
+# For 2016 on, predict spring transitions on March's fourth Saturday at 01:00.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
@@ -2592,13 +2706,14 @@
 Rule Palestine	2012	2014	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
 Rule Palestine	2012	only	-	Sep	21	1:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2013	only	-	Sep	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-
-Rule Palestine	2014	max	-	Oct	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-
+Rule Palestine	2014	2015	-	Oct	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2015	only	-	Mar	lastFri	24:00	1:00	S
-Rule Palestine	2016	max	-	Mar	lastSat	1:00	1:00	S
+Rule Palestine	2016	max	-	Mar	Sat>=22	1:00	1:00	S
+Rule Palestine	2016	max	-	Oct	lastSat	1:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
-			2:00	Zion	EET	1948 May 15
+			2:00	Zion	EET/EEST 1948 May 15
 			2:00 EgyptAsia	EE%sT	1967 Jun  5
 			2:00	Zion	I%sT	1996
 			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT	1999
@@ -2611,7 +2726,7 @@
 			2:00 Palestine	EE%sT
 
 Zone	Asia/Hebron	2:20:23	-	LMT	1900 Oct
-			2:00	Zion	EET	1948 May 15
+			2:00	Zion	EET/EEST 1948 May 15
 			2:00 EgyptAsia	EE%sT	1967 Jun  5
 			2:00	Zion	I%sT	1996
 			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT	1999
@@ -2625,7 +2740,7 @@
 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's
 # History of the International Date Line
-# http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
+# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
 # The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger.
 
 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
@@ -2643,24 +2758,24 @@
 # http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Phil	1936	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Phil	1936	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Phil	1937	only	-	Feb	1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Phil	1954	only	-	Apr	12	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Phil	1954	only	-	Apr	12	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Phil	1954	only	-	Jul	1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Phil	1978	only	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Phil	1978	only	-	Mar	22	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Phil	1978	only	-	Sep	21	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Manila	-15:56:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			8:04:00 -	LMT	1899 May 11
-			8:00	Phil	PH%sT	1942 May
-			9:00	-	JST	1944 Nov
-			8:00	Phil	PH%sT
+			8:00	Phil	+08/+09	1942 May
+			9:00	-	+09	1944 Nov
+			8:00	Phil	+08/+09
 
 # Qatar
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Qatar	3:26:08 -	LMT	1920     # Al Dawhah / Doha
-			4:00	-	GST	1972 Jun
-			3:00	-	AST
+			4:00	-	+04	1972 Jun
+			3:00	-	+03
 Link Asia/Qatar Asia/Bahrain
 
 # Saudi Arabia
@@ -2682,12 +2797,12 @@
 # earlier date.
 #
 # Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two
-# time zones; the other zone, at UTC+4, was in the far eastern part of
+# time zones; the other zone, at UT +04, was in the far eastern part of
 # the country.  Ignore this, as it's before our 1970 cutoff.
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Riyadh	3:06:52 -	LMT	1947 Mar 14
-			3:00	-	AST
+			3:00	-	+03
 Link Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden	# Yemen
 Link Asia/Riyadh Asia/Kuwait
 
@@ -2697,14 +2812,13 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Singapore	6:55:25 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
 			6:55:25	-	SMT	1905 Jun  1 # Singapore M.T.
-			7:00	-	MALT	1933 Jan  1 # Malaya Time
-			7:00	0:20	MALST	1936 Jan  1
-			7:20	-	MALT	1941 Sep  1
-			7:30	-	MALT	1942 Feb 16
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 12
-			7:30	-	MALT	1965 Aug  9 # independence
-			7:30	-	SGT	1982 Jan  1 # Singapore Time
-			8:00	-	SGT
+			7:00	-	+07	1933 Jan  1
+			7:00	0:20	+0720	1936 Jan  1
+			7:20	-	+0720	1941 Sep  1
+			7:30	-	+0730	1942 Feb 16
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep 12
+			7:30	-	+0730	1982 Jan  1
+			8:00	-	+08
 
 # Spratly Is
 # no information
@@ -2744,45 +2858,31 @@
 # People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
 # as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
 
-# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
-# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
-# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
-# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
-# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
+# From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19):
+# According to http://www.sltime.org (maintained by Measurement Units,
+# Standards & Services Department, Sri Lanka) abbreviation for Sri Lanka
+# standard time is SLST.
 #
-# I recollect before the recent change the government announcements
-# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
-# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
-#
-# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
-# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
-# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
-# item....
-#
-# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
-# administrators.  In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
-# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
-# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
-# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
-#
-# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
-# (that we have not known so far) then  it is better that it be used for
-# all computers.
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18):
+# "SLST" seems to be reasonably recent and rarely-used outside time
+# zone nerd sources.  I searched Google News and found three uses of
+# it in the International Business Times of India in February and
+# March of this year when discussing cricket match times, but nothing
+# since then (though there has been a lot of cricket) and nothing in
+# other English-language news sources.  Our old abbreviation "LKT" is
+# even worse.  For now, let's use a numeric abbreviation; we can
+# switch to "SLST" if it catches on.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
-# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
-# and then see what people actually say in practice.
-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Colombo	5:19:24 -	LMT	1880
 			5:19:32	-	MMT	1906        # Moratuwa Mean Time
-			5:30	-	IST	1942 Jan  5
-			5:30	0:30	IHST	1942 Sep
-			5:30	1:00	IST	1945 Oct 16  2:00
-			5:30	-	IST	1996 May 25  0:00
-			6:30	-	LKT	1996 Oct 26  0:30
-			6:00	-	LKT	2006 Apr 15  0:30
-			5:30	-	IST
+			5:30	-	+0530	1942 Jan  5
+			5:30	0:30	+06	1942 Sep
+			5:30	1:00	+0630	1945 Oct 16  2:00
+			5:30	-	+0530	1996 May 25  0:00
+			6:30	-	+0630	1996 Oct 26  0:30
+			6:00	-	+06	2006 Apr 15  0:30
+			5:30	-	+0530
 
 # Syria
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@@ -2904,7 +3004,7 @@
 # We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year.
 #
 # Our summary
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
 # The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
@@ -2931,7 +3031,7 @@
 # http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm
 #
 # Our brief summary:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27):
 # Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX.
@@ -2951,16 +3051,16 @@
 # From Shanks & Pottenger.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			5:00	-	DUST	1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
-			6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			5:00	1:00	DUSST	1991 Sep  9  2:00s
-			5:00	-	TJT	# Tajikistan Time
+			5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
+			6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			5:00	1:00	+05/+06	1991 Sep  9  2:00s
+			5:00	-	+05
 
 # Thailand
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Bangkok	6:42:04	-	LMT	1880
 			6:42:04	-	BMT	1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
-			7:00	-	ICT
+			7:00	-	+07
 Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh	# Cambodia
 Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane	# Laos
 
@@ -2968,16 +3068,15 @@
 # From Shanks & Pottenger.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Ashgabat	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ashkhabad
-			4:00	-	ASHT	1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	ASH%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00
-			4:00 RussiaAsia	ASH%sT	1991 Oct 27 # independence
-			4:00 RussiaAsia	TM%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00
-			5:00	-	TMT
+			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1991 Mar 31  2:00
+			4:00 RussiaAsia	+04/+05	1992 Jan 19  2:00
+			5:00	-	+05
 
 # United Arab Emirates
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Dubai	3:41:12 -	LMT	1920
-			4:00	-	GST
+			4:00	-	+04
 Link Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat	# Oman
 
 # Uzbekistan
@@ -2984,20 +3083,18 @@
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Samarkand	4:27:53 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			4:00	-	SAMT	1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
-			5:00	-	SAMT	1981 Apr  1
-			5:00	1:00	SAMST	1981 Oct  1
-			6:00	-	TAST	1982 Apr  1 # Tashkent Time
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	SAM%sT	1991 Sep  1 # independence
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1992
-			5:00	-	UZT
+			4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
+			5:00	-	+05	1981 Apr  1
+			5:00	1:00	+06	1981 Oct  1
+			6:00	-	+06	1982 Apr  1
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1992
+			5:00	-	+05
 # Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
 Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			5:00	-	TAST	1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
-			6:00 RussiaAsia	TAS%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	TAS%sT	1991 Sep  1 # independence
-			5:00 RussiaAsia	UZ%sT	1992
-			5:00	-	UZT
+			5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
+			6:00 RussiaAsia	+06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00
+			5:00 RussiaAsia	+05/+06	1992
+			5:00	-	+05
 
 # Vietnam
 
@@ -3017,13 +3114,13 @@
 # is quoted verbatim in:
 # http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01
 # is translated by Brian Inglis in:
-# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html
 # and is the basis for the information below.
 #
 # The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to
-# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104 deg. 17'17" east of Paris.
+# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris.
 # It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or
-# the Paris Meridian (2 deg. 20'14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333...
+# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333...
 # and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30,
 # which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory
 # is closer to 07:06:31.  Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT.
@@ -3052,15 +3149,15 @@
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	7:06:40 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
-			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
-			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
-			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
-			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
-			8:00	-	IDT	1955 Jul  1
-			7:00	-	ICT	1959 Dec 31 23:00
-			8:00	-	IDT	1975 Jun 13
-			7:00	-	ICT
+			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1 # Phù Liễn MT
+			7:00	-	+07	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	+08	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	+07	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	+08	1955 Jul  1
+			7:00	-	+07	1959 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	+08	1975 Jun 13
+			7:00	-	+07
 
 # Yemen
 # See Asia/Riyadh.

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/australasia
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/australasia	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/australasia	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 			 8:00	Aus	AW%sT	1943 Jul
 			 8:00	AW	AW%sT
 Zone Australia/Eucla	 8:35:28 -	LMT	1895 Dec
-			 8:45	Aus	ACW%sT	1943 Jul
-			 8:45	AW	ACW%sT
+			 8:45	Aus +0845/+0945	1943 Jul
+			 8:45	AW  +0845/+0945
 
 # Queensland
 #
@@ -196,23 +196,24 @@
 
 # Lord Howe Island
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	LH	1981	1984	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	LH	1982	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	1985	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	D
-Rule	LH	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	0:30	D
-Rule	LH	1987	1999	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	D
-Rule	LH	1990	1995	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	1996	2005	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	2000	only	-	Aug	lastSun	2:00	0:30	D
-Rule	LH	2001	2007	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	D
-Rule	LH	2006	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
-Rule	LH	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0:30	D
+Rule	LH	1981	1984	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	LH	1982	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	1985	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	-
+Rule	LH	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	0:30	-
+Rule	LH	1987	1999	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	-
+Rule	LH	1990	1995	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	1996	2005	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	2000	only	-	Aug	lastSun	2:00	0:30	-
+Rule	LH	2001	2007	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0:30	-
+Rule	LH	2006	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
+Rule	LH	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0:30	-
 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			10:00	-	AEST	1981 Mar
-			10:30	LH	LH%sT
+			10:30	LH	+1030/+1130 1985 Jul
+			10:30	LH	+1030/+11
 
 # Australian miscellany
 #
@@ -250,12 +251,12 @@
 			0	-	-00	1948 Mar 25
 			10:00	Aus	AE%sT	1967
 			10:00	AT	AE%sT	2010 Apr  4  3:00
-			11:00	-	MIST	# Macquarie I Standard Time
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 # Christmas
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
-			7:00	-	CXT	# Christmas Island Time
+			7:00	-	+07
 
 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@
 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
-			6:30	-	CCT	# Cocos Islands Time
+			6:30	-	+0630
 
 
 # Fiji
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@
 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1096:3310-cabinet-approves-change-in-daylight-savings-dates&catid=49:cabinet-releases&Itemid=166
 #
 # A bit more background info here:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-10-24):
 # According to Radio Fiji and Fiji Times online, Fiji will end DST 3
@@ -350,35 +351,44 @@
 # commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at
 # 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-01):
-# For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to
-# 03:00 the third Sunday in January.  Although ad hoc, it matches
+# From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04):
+# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx
+# "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when
+# clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am....  Daylight Saving will
+# end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017."
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21):
+# Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing
+# Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27),
+# [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate.
+# For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00
+# the first Sunday on or after January 14.  Although ad hoc, it matches
 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future
 # practice than guessing no DST.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Fiji	1998	1999	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Fiji	1998	1999	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Fiji	1999	2000	-	Feb	lastSun	3:00	0	-
-Rule	Fiji	2009	only	-	Nov	29	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Fiji	2009	only	-	Nov	29	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Fiji	2010	only	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
-Rule	Fiji	2010	2013	-	Oct	Sun>=21	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Fiji	2010	2013	-	Oct	Sun>=21	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Fiji	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2012	2013	-	Jan	Sun>=18	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2014	only	-	Jan	Sun>=18	2:00	0	-
-Rule	Fiji	2014	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Fiji	2015	max	-	Jan	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
+Rule	Fiji	2014	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Fiji	2015	max	-	Jan	Sun>=14	3:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Fiji	11:55:44 -	LMT	1915 Oct 26 # Suva
-			12:00	Fiji	FJ%sT	# Fiji Time
+			12:00	Fiji	+12/+13
 
 # French Polynesia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Gambier	 -8:59:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Rikitea
-			 -9:00	-	GAMT	# Gambier Time
+			 -9:00	-	-09
 Zone	Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 -	LMT	1912 Oct
-			 -9:30	-	MART	# Marquesas Time
+			 -9:30	-	-0930
 Zone	Pacific/Tahiti	 -9:58:16 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Papeete
-			-10:00	-	TAHT	# Tahiti Time
+			-10:00	-	-10
 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
 # it is uninhabited.
 
@@ -393,15 +403,15 @@
 # Kiribati
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tarawa	 11:32:04 -	LMT	1901 # Bairiki
-			 12:00	-	GILT	# Gilbert Is Time
+			 12:00	-	+12
 Zone Pacific/Enderbury	-11:24:20 -	LMT	1901
-			-12:00	-	PHOT	1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
-			-11:00	-	PHOT	1995
-			 13:00	-	PHOT
+			-12:00	-	-12	1979 Oct
+			-11:00	-	-11	1994 Dec 31
+			 13:00	-	+13
 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati	-10:29:20 -	LMT	1901
-			-10:40	-	LINT	1979 Oct # Line Is Time
-			-10:00	-	LINT	1995
-			 14:00	-	LINT
+			-10:40	-	-1040	1979 Oct
+			-10:00	-	-10	1994 Dec 31
+			 14:00	-	+14
 
 # N Mariana Is
 # See Pacific/Guam.
@@ -409,42 +419,42 @@
 # Marshall Is
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Majuro	11:24:48 -	LMT	1901
-			11:00	-	MHT	1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
-			12:00	-	MHT
+			11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
+			12:00	-	+12
 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein	11:09:20 -	LMT	1901
-			11:00	-	MHT	1969 Oct
-			-12:00	-	KWAT	1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
-			12:00	-	MHT
+			11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
+			-12:00	-	-12	1993 Aug 20
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 # Micronesia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Chuuk	10:07:08 -	LMT	1901
-			10:00	-	CHUT	# Chuuk Time
+			10:00	-	+10
 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei	10:32:52 -	LMT	1901 # Kolonia
-			11:00	-	PONT	# Pohnpei Time
+			11:00	-	+11
 Zone Pacific/Kosrae	10:51:56 -	LMT	1901
-			11:00	-	KOST	1969 Oct # Kosrae Time
-			12:00	-	KOST	1999
-			11:00	-	KOST
+			11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
+			12:00	-	+12	1999
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 # Nauru
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Nauru	11:07:40 -	LMT	1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
-			11:30	-	NRT	1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
-			9:00	-	JST	1944 Aug 15
-			11:30	-	NRT	1979 May
-			12:00	-	NRT
+			11:30	-	+1130	1942 Mar 15
+			9:00	-	+09	1944 Aug 15
+			11:30	-	+1130	1979 May
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 # New Caledonia
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	NC	1977	1978	-	Dec	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	NC	1977	1978	-	Dec	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	NC	1978	1979	-	Feb	27	0:00	0	-
-Rule	NC	1996	only	-	Dec	 1	2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	NC	1996	only	-	Dec	 1	2:00s	1:00	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
 Rule	NC	1997	only	-	Mar	 2	2:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Noumea	11:05:48 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
-			11:00	NC	NC%sT
+			11:00	NC	+11/+12
 
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -459,34 +469,35 @@
 Rule	NZ	1934	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	0	M
 Rule	NZ	1934	1940	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0:30	S
 Rule	NZ	1946	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	S
-# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no
-# convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition
-# so we must duplicate the Rule lines.
+# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a
+# there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this
+# transition.  Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change
+# time to percolate out.
 Rule	NZ	1974	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Chatham	1974	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:45s	1:00	D
+Rule	Chatham	1974	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
-Rule	Chatham	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:45s	0	S
+Rule	Chatham	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:45s	0	-
 Rule	NZ	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Chatham	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:45s	1:00	D
+Rule	Chatham	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	1976	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
-Rule	Chatham	1976	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	S
+Rule	Chatham	1976	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	-
 Rule	NZ	1989	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Chatham	1989	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:45s	1:00	D
+Rule	Chatham	1989	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	1990	2006	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Chatham	1990	2006	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:45s	1:00	D
+Rule	Chatham	1990	2006	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	1990	2007	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	S
-Rule	Chatham	1990	2007	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:45s	0	S
+Rule	Chatham	1990	2007	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:45s	0	-
 Rule	NZ	2007	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
-Rule	Chatham	2007	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:45s	1:00	D
+Rule	Chatham	2007	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
-Rule	Chatham	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	S
+Rule	Chatham	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1946 Jan  1
 			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
 Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:13:48 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
-			12:15	-	CHAST	1946 Jan  1
-			12:45	Chatham	CHA%sT
+			12:15	-	+1215	1946 Jan  1
+			12:45	Chatham	+1245/+1345
 
 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
 
@@ -503,13 +514,13 @@
 # Cook Is
 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Cook	1978	only	-	Nov	12	0:00	0:30	HS
+Rule	Cook	1978	only	-	Nov	12	0:00	0:30	-
 Rule	Cook	1979	1991	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Cook	1979	1990	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	HS
+Rule	Cook	1979	1990	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga	-10:39:04 -	LMT	1901        # Avarua
-			-10:30	-	CKT	1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
-			-10:00	Cook	CK%sT
+			-10:30	-	-1030	1978 Nov 12
+			-10:00	Cook	-10/-0930
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -517,65 +528,63 @@
 # Niue
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Niue	-11:19:40 -	LMT	1901        # Alofi
-			-11:20	-	NUT	1951        # Niue Time
-			-11:30	-	NUT	1978 Oct  1
-			-11:00	-	NUT
+			-11:20	-	-1120	1951
+			-11:30	-	-1130	1978 Oct  1
+			-11:00	-	-11
 
 # Norfolk
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Norfolk	11:11:52 -	LMT	1901 # Kingston
-			11:12	-	NMT	1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
-			11:30	-	NFT	1974 Oct 27 02:00 # Norfolk T.
-			11:30	1:00	NFST	1975 Mar  2 02:00
-			11:30	-	NFT	2015 Oct  4 02:00
-			11:00	-	NFT
+			11:12	-	+1112	1951
+			11:30	-	+1130	1974 Oct 27 02:00
+			11:30	1:00	+1230	1975 Mar  2 02:00
+			11:30	-	+1130	2015 Oct  4 02:00
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 # Palau (Belau)
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Palau	8:57:56 -	LMT	1901 # Koror
-			9:00	-	PWT	# Palau Time
+			9:00	-	+09
 
 # Papua New Guinea
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 -	LMT	1880
 			9:48:32	-	PMMT	1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
-			10:00	-	PGT	# Papua New Guinea Time
+			10:00	-	+10
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
 # the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War.
 #
-# Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for JST, these dates
+# Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates
 # are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns.
 # The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta.
 # The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942,
 # according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
-# http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm
+# https://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm
 # and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender.
 #
-# The Autonomous Region of Bougainville plans to switch from UTC+10 to UTC+11
-# on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.  They call UTC+11 "Bougainville Standard Time";
-# abbreviate this as BST.  See:
+# The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11
+# on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.  They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time".
+# See:
 # http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/
 #
 Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 -	LMT	1880
 			 9:48:32 -	PMMT	1895
-			10:00	-	PGT	1942 Jul
-			 9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug 21
-			10:00	-	PGT	2014 Dec 28  2:00
-			11:00	-	BST
+			10:00	-	+10	1942 Jul
+			 9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug 21
+			10:00	-	+10	2014 Dec 28  2:00
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 # Pitcairn
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn	-8:40:20 -	LMT	1901        # Adamstown
-			-8:30	-	PNT	1998 Apr 27  0:00
-			-8:00	-	PST	# Pitcairn Standard Time
+			-8:30	-	-0830	1998 Apr 27  0:00
+			-8:00	-	-08
 
 # American Samoa
-Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago	 12:37:12 -	LMT	1879 Jul  5
+Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago	 12:37:12 -	LMT	1892 Jul  5
 			-11:22:48 -	LMT	1911
-			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr    # N=Nome
-			-11:00	-	BST	1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
 			-11:00	-	SST	            # S=Samoa
 Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands
 
@@ -590,7 +599,7 @@
 # Sunday of April 2011."
 #
 # Background info:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html
 #
 # Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not
 # contain any dates:
@@ -620,7 +629,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-27):
 # The International Date Line Act 2011
 # http://www.parliament.gov.ws/images/ACTS/International_Date_Line_Act__2011_-_Eng.pdf
-# changed Samoa from UTC-11 to UTC+13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on
+# changed Samoa from UT -11 to +13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on
 # Thursday 29th December 2011".  The International Date Line was adjusted
 # accordingly.
 
@@ -648,25 +657,25 @@
 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	WS	2010	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1	D
-Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Apr	Sat>=1	4:00	0	S
-Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Sep	lastSat	3:00	1	D
-Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	4:00	0	S
-Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	1	D
+Rule	WS	2010	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1	-
+Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Apr	Sat>=1	4:00	0	-
+Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Sep	lastSat	3:00	1	-
+Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	4:00	0	-
+Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	1	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Apia	 12:33:04 -	LMT	1879 Jul  5
+Zone Pacific/Apia	 12:33:04 -	LMT	1892 Jul  5
 			-11:26:56 -	LMT	1911
-			-11:30	-	WSST	1950
-			-11:00	WS	S%sT	2011 Dec 29 24:00 # S=Samoa
-			 13:00	WS	WS%sT
+			-11:30	-	-1130	1950
+			-11:00	WS	-11/-10	2011 Dec 29 24:00
+			 13:00	WS	+13/+14
 
 # Solomon Is
 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Honiara
-			11:00	-	SBT	# Solomon Is Time
+			11:00	-	+11
 
-# Tokelau Is
+# Tokelau
 #
 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)
 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping
@@ -675,37 +684,39 @@
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25)
 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking
 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13....
-# Shanks says UTC-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
-# actually was to UTC-11 back then.
+# Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
+# actually was to UT-11 back then.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)
 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of
 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,
-# <http://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
+# <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T."  Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Fakaofo	-11:24:56 -	LMT	1901
-			-11:00	-	TKT	2011 Dec 30 # Tokelau Time
-			13:00	-	TKT
+			-11:00	-	-11	2011 Dec 30
+			13:00	-	+13
 
 # Tonga
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Tonga	1999	only	-	Oct	 7	2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Tonga	1999	only	-	Oct	 7	2:00s	1:00	-
 Rule	Tonga	2000	only	-	Mar	19	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Tonga	2000	2001	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Tonga	2000	2001	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Tonga	2001	2002	-	Jan	lastSun	2:00	0	-
+Rule	Tonga	2016	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Tonga	2017	only	-	Jan	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu	12:19:20 -	LMT	1901
-			12:20	-	TOT	1941 # Tonga Time
-			13:00	-	TOT	1999
-			13:00	Tonga	TO%sT
+			12:20	-	+1220	1941
+			13:00	-	+13	1999
+			13:00	Tonga	+13/+14
 
 # Tuvalu
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	TVT	# Tuvalu Time
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 
 # US minor outlying islands
@@ -715,7 +726,7 @@
 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
 # uninhabited thereafter.
-# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT-10:30) in 1937;
+# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937;
 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long,
 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000).
 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935
@@ -729,10 +740,11 @@
 
 # Johnston
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-11):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 # Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind.
 # Details are uncertain.  We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so
-# treat it like Hawaii for now.
+# treat it like Hawaii for now.  Since Johnston is now uninhabited,
+# its link to Pacific/Honolulu is in the 'backward' file.
 #
 # In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945
 # <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes,
@@ -748,12 +760,10 @@
 # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin,
 # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the
 # Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976.
-# http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf
+# https://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf
 # See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a
 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time
 # Minus One Hour".
-#
-# See 'northamerica' for Pacific/Johnston.
 
 # Kingman
 # uninhabited
@@ -767,25 +777,25 @@
 # Wake
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Wake	11:06:28 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	WAKT	# Wake Time
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 
 # Vanuatu
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Vanuatu	1983	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Vanuatu	1983	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Vanuatu	1984	1991	-	Mar	Sun>=23	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Vanuatu	1984	only	-	Oct	23	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Vanuatu	1985	1991	-	Sep	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Vanuatu	1984	only	-	Oct	23	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Vanuatu	1985	1991	-	Sep	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Vanuatu	1992	1993	-	Jan	Sun>=23	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Vanuatu	1992	only	-	Oct	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Vanuatu	1992	only	-	Oct	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Vila
-			11:00	Vanuatu	VU%sT	# Vanuatu Time
+			11:00	Vanuatu	+11/+12
 
 # Wallis and Futuna
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	WFT	# Wallis & Futuna Time
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -796,7 +806,7 @@
 # tz at iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -803,8 +813,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -816,33 +826,24 @@
 #
 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
-# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
 #
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
-# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
-# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
+# The following abbreviations are from other sources.
 # Corrections are welcome!
 #		std	dst
 #		LMT		Local Mean Time
 #	  8:00	AWST	AWDT	Western Australia
-#	  8:45	ACWST	ACWDT	Central Western Australia*
-#	  9:00	JST		Japan
 #	  9:30	ACST	ACDT	Central Australia
 #	 10:00	AEST	AEDT	Eastern Australia
+#	 10:00	GST		Guam through 2000
 #	 10:00	ChST		Chamorro
-#	 10:30	LHST	LHDT	Lord Howe*
-#	 11:00	BST		Bougainville*
 #	 11:30	NZMT	NZST	New Zealand through 1945
 #	 12:00	NZST	NZDT	New Zealand 1946-present
-#	 12:15	CHAST		Chatham through 1945*
-#	 12:45	CHAST	CHADT	Chatham 1946-present*
-#	 13:00	WSST	WSDT	(western) Samoa 2011-present*
-#	-11:30	WSST		Western Samoa through 1950*
 #	-11:00	SST		Samoa
 #	-10:00	HST		Hawaii
-#	- 8:00	PST		Pitcairn*
 #
 # See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii.
 # See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is.
@@ -972,7 +973,7 @@
 #   AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT
 #
 #   Parliamentary Library (2008-11-10)
-#   http://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf
+#   https://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf
 #   EST CST WST preferred for standard time; AEST AEDT ACST ACDT also used
 #
 #   The Transport Safety Bureau has an extensive series of accident reports,
@@ -1008,13 +1009,13 @@
 #
 # NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):
 # Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)
-# http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html
+# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html
 # ACT
 # Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972
-# http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html
+# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html
 # SA
 # Standard Time Act, 1898
-# http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html
+# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html
 
 # From David Grosz (2005-06-13):
 # It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by
@@ -1084,7 +1085,23 @@
 # (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
 # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-04-01):
+# The Guardian Express of Perth, Australia reported today that the
+# government decided to advance the clocks permanently on January 1,
+# 2019, from UT +08 to UT +09.  The article noted that an exemption
+# would be made for people aged 61 and over, who "can apply in writing
+# to have the extra hour of sunshine removed from their area."  See:
+# Daylight saving coming to WA in 2019. Guardian Express. 2018-04-01.
+# https://www.communitynews.com.au/guardian-express/news/exclusive-daylight-savings-coming-wa-summer-2018/
+
 # Queensland
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-26):
+# I lack access to the following source for Queensland DST:
+# Pearce C. History of daylight saving time in Queensland.
+# Queensland Hist J. 2017 Aug;23(6):389-403
+# https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=994682348436426;res=IELHSS
+
 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
 # #   The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
 # #						[ Dec 1990 ]
@@ -1309,7 +1326,7 @@
 # http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm
 # (1999-07-22).  For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens.
 #
-# Victoria will following NSW.  See:
+# Victoria will follow NSW.  See:
 # Vic to extend daylight saving (1999-07-28)
 # http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm
 #
@@ -1412,7 +1429,7 @@
 # the ACT for all 52 weeks of the year...
 #
 # We have a wrap-up here:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html
 ###############################################################################
 
 # New Zealand
@@ -1450,7 +1467,7 @@
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history,
-# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references.
+# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.html for the full references.
 # Use these sources in preference to Shanks & Pottenger.
 #
 # For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with
@@ -1466,7 +1483,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14):
 # Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by
 # New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26).
-# http://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf
+# https://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf
 # According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand
 # parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard
 # time in the Chatham Islands.  The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New
@@ -1473,7 +1490,7 @@
 # Zealand time.  I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow."
 # For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time
 # in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match
-# LMT back when New Zealand was at UTC+11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did
+# LMT back when New Zealand was at UT +11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did
 # not observe New Zealand's prewar DST.
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -1511,6 +1528,12 @@
 # "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995"
 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
 
+# From Kerry Shetline (2018-02-03):
+# December 31 was the day that was skipped, so that the transition
+# would be from Friday December 30, 1994 to Sunday January 1, 1995.
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-04):
+# One source for this is page 202 of: Bartky IR. One Time Fits All:
+# The Campaigns for Global Uniformity (2007).
 
 # Kwajalein
 
@@ -1529,7 +1552,7 @@
 # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
 # see Asia/Manila.
 
-# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time,
+# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time,
 # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time".  There is no official abbreviation,
 # but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law,
 # wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST".
@@ -1541,7 +1564,7 @@
 # "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'
 # (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."
 #
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11
 # on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
@@ -1548,8 +1571,8 @@
 # The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
 # The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26)
 # http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html
-# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11.
-# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now.
+# that Truk and Yap are UT +10, and Ponape and Kosrae are +11.
+# We don't know when Kosrae switched from +12; assume January 1 for now.
 
 
 # Midway
@@ -1581,7 +1604,7 @@
 # the Norfolk Island Museum and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's
 # Norfolk Island station, and found no record of Norfolk observing DST
 # other than in 1974/5.  See:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/australia/norfolk-island.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/australia/norfolk-island.html
 
 # Pitcairn
 
@@ -1603,27 +1626,30 @@
 
 # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
 # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
-# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in
+# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be ½ hour different from us here in
 # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
 
 
 # (Western) Samoa and American Samoa
 
-# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald)
-# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
+# Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean
+# time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change
 # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
 # ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that
 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year."
+# This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20.
+# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm
 
-# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UTC-11:30
-# in 1911, and to UTC-11 in 1950. many earlier sources give UTC-11
+# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30
+# in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11
 # for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards
 # circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932.
-# Assume American Samoa switched to UTC-11 in 1911, not 1950,
+# Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950,
 # and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a
 # day in 2011.  Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New
 # Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations.
 
+
 # Tonga
 
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
@@ -1639,7 +1665,7 @@
 # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT.  When New Zealand adjusted its
 # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
 # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
-# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees
+# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13°
 # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
 #
 # Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
@@ -1706,10 +1732,27 @@
 # of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one
 # hour to 1:00am.
 
-# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):
+# From Pulu ʻAnau (2002-11-05):
 # The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed.  It wasn't.
 
+# From Pulu ʻAnau (2016-10-27):
+# http://mic.gov.to/news-today/press-releases/6375-daylight-saving-set-to-run-from-6-november-2016-to-15-january-2017
+# Cannot find anyone who knows the rules, has seen the duration or has seen
+# the cabinet decision, but it appears we are following Fiji's rule set.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-26):
+# Assume Tonga will observe DST from the first Sunday in November at 02:00
+# through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now.
 
+# From David Wade (2017-10-18):
+# In August government was disolved by the King.  The current prime minister
+# continued in office in care taker mode.  It is easy to see that few
+# decisions will be made until elections 16th November.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18):
+# For now, guess that DST is discontinued.  That's what the IATA is guessing.
+
+
 # Wake
 
 # From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
@@ -1722,7 +1765,7 @@
 # making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
 # impossible.
 #
-# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm
+# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
 # We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
@@ -1750,7 +1793,7 @@
 # an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the
 # correct date is ambiguous.
 
-# From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):
+# From Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):
 # Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting
 # their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's
 # speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/backward
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/backward	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/backward	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 Link	Asia/Urumqi		Asia/Kashgar
 Link	Asia/Kathmandu		Asia/Katmandu
 Link	Asia/Macau		Asia/Macao
+Link	Asia/Yangon		Asia/Rangoon
 Link	Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	Asia/Saigon
 Link	Asia/Jerusalem		Asia/Tel_Aviv
 Link	Asia/Thimphu		Asia/Thimbu
@@ -60,7 +61,9 @@
 Link	America/Manaus		Brazil/West
 Link	America/Halifax		Canada/Atlantic
 Link	America/Winnipeg	Canada/Central
-Link	America/Regina		Canada/East-Saskatchewan
+# This line is commented out, as the name exceeded the 14-character limit
+# and was an unused misnomer.
+#Link	America/Regina		Canada/East-Saskatchewan
 Link	America/Toronto		Canada/Eastern
 Link	America/Edmonton	Canada/Mountain
 Link	America/St_Johns	Canada/Newfoundland
@@ -95,6 +98,7 @@
 Link	Pacific/Chatham		NZ-CHAT
 Link	America/Denver		Navajo
 Link	Asia/Shanghai		PRC
+Link	Pacific/Honolulu	Pacific/Johnston
 Link	Pacific/Pohnpei		Pacific/Ponape
 Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
 Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Truk

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/backzone
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/backzone	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/backzone	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
 # Mali (southern)
 Zone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Jun 20
+			-1:00	-	-01	1960 Jun 20
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Central African Republic
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 # Gambia
 Zone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912
 			-1:06:36 -	BMT	1935 # Banjul Mean Time
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1964
+			-1:00	-	-01	1964
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Malawi
@@ -93,18 +93,18 @@
 # Guinea
 Zone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1960
+			-1:00	-	-01	1960
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Senegal
 Zone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1941 Jun
+			-1:00	-	-01	1941 Jun
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Tanzania
 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931
 			3:00	-	EAT	1948
-			2:45	-	BEAUT	1961
+			2:45	-	+0245	1961
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
 # Djibouti
@@ -122,14 +122,14 @@
 # The International Hydrographic Bulletin, 1932-33, p 63 says that
 # Sierra Leone would advance its clocks by 20 minutes on 1933-10-01.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	0:40	SLST
-Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	WAT
-Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	SLST
+Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	0:40	-0020
+Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-01
+Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	+01
 Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	GMT
 Zone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882
 			-0:53:00 -	FMT	1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
 			-1:00	SL	%s	1957
-			 0:00	SL	%s
+			 0:00	SL	GMT/+01
 
 # Botswana
 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
@@ -145,16 +145,11 @@
 Zone	Africa/Harare	2:04:12 -	LMT	1903 Mar
 			2:00	-	CAT
 
-# South Sudan
-Zone	Africa/Juba	2:06:24 -	LMT	1931
-			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
-			3:00	-	EAT
-
 # Uganda
 Zone	Africa/Kampala	2:09:40 -	LMT	1928 Jul
 			3:00	-	EAT	1930
-			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
-			2:45	-	BEAUT	1957
+			2:30	-	+0230	1948
+			2:45	-	+0245	1957
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
 # Rwanda
@@ -175,13 +170,13 @@
 
 # Angola
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
+# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect.
 #
 Zone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892
-			0:52:04	-	AOT	1912 Jan  1 # Angola Time
+			0:52:04	-	LMT	1911 Dec 31 23:00u # Luanda MT?
 			1:00	-	WAT
 
 # Democratic Republic of the Congo (east)
@@ -194,9 +189,9 @@
 
 # Equatorial Guinea
 #
-# Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UTC to UTC+1 on 1963-12-15,
+# Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UT +00 to +01 on 1963-12-15,
 # a Google Books search says that London Calling, Issues 432-465 (1948), p 19,
-# says that Spanish Guinea was at GMT+1 back then.  The Shanks data entries
+# says that Spanish Guinea was at +01 back then.  The Shanks data entries
 # are most likely wrong, but we have nothing better; use them here for now.
 #
 Zone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912
@@ -216,12 +211,12 @@
 # Somalia
 Zone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov
 			3:00	-	EAT	1931
-			2:30	-	BEAT	1957
+			2:30	-	+0230	1957
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
 # Niger
 Zone	Africa/Niamey	 0:08:28 -	LMT	1912
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
+			-1:00	-	-01	1934 Feb 26
 			 0:00	-	GMT	1960
 			 1:00	-	WAT
 
@@ -228,7 +223,7 @@
 # Mauritania
 Zone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
-			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Nov 28
+			-1:00	-	-01	1960 Nov 28
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Burkina Faso
@@ -242,11 +237,6 @@
 			0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
 			1:00	-	WAT
 
-# São Tomé and Príncipe
-Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
-			-0:36:32 -	LMT	1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
-			 0:00	-	GMT
-
 # Mali (northern)
 Zone	Africa/Timbuktu	-0:12:04 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT
@@ -264,26 +254,36 @@
 # The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit.
 Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Aruba
 Zone	America/Aruba	-4:40:24 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
-			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+			-4:30	-	-0430	1965
 			-4:00	-	AST
 
 # Cayman Is
 Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890     # Georgetown
-			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST
 
+# United States
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18):
+# America/Chillicothe would be tricky, as it was a city of two-timers:
+# "To prevent a constant mixup at Chillicothe, caused by the courthouse
+#  clock running on central time and the city running on 'daylight saving'
+#  time, a third hand was added to the dial of the courthouse clock."
+# -- Ohio news in brief. The Cedarville Herald. 1920-05-21;43(21):1 (col. 5)
+# https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedarville_herald/794
+
 # Canada
 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 -	LMT	1884
 			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1946
@@ -358,6 +358,30 @@
 Zone America/Montserrat	-4:08:52 -	LMT	1911 Jul  1  0:01 # Cork Hill
 			-4:00	-	AST
 
+# United States
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18):
+# America/Palm_Springs would be tricky, as it kept two sets of clocks
+# in 1946/7.  See the following notes.
+#
+# From Steve Allen (2018-01-19):
+# The shadow of Mt. San Jacinto brings darkness very early in the winter
+# months.  In 1946 the chamber of commerce decided to put the clocks of Palm
+# Springs forward by an hour in the winter.
+# https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/2017/12/27/palm-springs-struggle-daylight-savings-time-and-idea-sun-time/984416001/
+# Desert Sun, Number 18, 1 November 1946
+# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461101
+# has proposal for meeting on front page and page 21.
+# Desert Sun, Number 19, 5 November 1946
+# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461105
+# reports that Sun Time won at the meeting on front page and page 5.
+# Desert Sun, Number 37, 7 January 1947
+# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470107.2.12
+# front page reports request to abandon Sun Time and page 7 notes a "class war".
+# Desert Sun, Number 38, 10 January 1947
+# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470110
+# front page reports on end.
+
 # Argentina
 # This entry was intended for the following areas, but has been superseded by
 # more detailed zones.
@@ -365,12 +389,12 @@
 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
 Zone America/Rosario	-4:02:40 -	LMT	1894 Nov
 			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Jul
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3  0:00
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3  0:00
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Jul
+			-3:00	-	-03	1999 Oct  3  0:00
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3  0:00
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # St Kitts-Nevis
 Zone America/St_Kitts	-4:10:52 -	LMT	1912 Mar  2 # Basseterre
@@ -403,12 +427,12 @@
 # Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
 # and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
 Zone	Asia/Aden	2:59:54	-	LMT	1950
-			3:00	-	AST
+			3:00	-	+03
 
 # Bahrain
 Zone	Asia/Bahrain	3:22:20 -	LMT	1920     # Manamah
-			4:00	-	GST	1972 Jun
-			3:00	-	AST
+			4:00	-	+04	1972 Jun
+			3:00	-	+03
 
 # India
 #
@@ -419,7 +443,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-21):
 # In tomorrow's The Hindu, Nitya Menon reports that India had two civil time
 # zones starting in 1884, one in Bombay and one in Calcutta, and that railways
-# used a third time zone based on Madras time (80 deg. 18'30" E).  Also,
+# used a third time zone based on Madras time (80° 18' 30" E).  Also,
 # in 1881 Bombay briefly switched to Madras time, but switched back.  See:
 # http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/madras-375-when-madras-clocked-the-time/article6339393.ece
 #Zone	  Asia/Chennai  [not enough info to complete]
@@ -431,7 +455,7 @@
 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
 Zone	Asia/Chongqing	7:06:20	-	LMT	1928     # or Chungking
-			7:00	-	LONT	1980 May # Long-shu Time
+			7:00	-	+07	1980 May
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking
 
@@ -442,61 +466,61 @@
 # October 1954, with exact date and time unspecified.
 Zone	Asia/Hanoi	7:03:24 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
 			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
-			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
-			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
-			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
-			8:00	-	IDT	1954 Oct
-			7:00	-	ICT
+			7:00	-	+07	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	+08	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	+07	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	+08	1954 Oct
+			7:00	-	+07
 
 # China
 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
 Zone	Asia/Harbin	8:26:44	-	LMT	1928     # or Haerbin
-			8:30	-	CHAT	1932 Mar # Changbai Time
+			8:30	-	+0830	1932 Mar
 			8:00	-	CST	1940
-			9:00	-	CHAT	1966 May
-			8:30	-	CHAT	1980 May
+			9:00	-	+09	1966 May
+			8:30	-	+0830	1980 May
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 
 # far west China
 Zone	Asia/Kashgar	5:03:56	-	LMT	1928     # or Kashi or Kaxgar
-			5:30	-	KAST	1940     # Kashgar Time
-			5:00	-	KAST	1980 May
+			5:30	-	+0530	1940
+			5:00	-	+05	1980 May
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 
 # Kuwait
 Zone	Asia/Kuwait	3:11:56 -	LMT	1950
-			3:00	-	AST
+			3:00	-	+03
 
 
 # Oman
 # Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
 Zone	Asia/Muscat	3:54:24 -	LMT	1920
-			4:00	-	GST
+			4:00	-	+04
 
 # India
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# Portuguese India switched to GMT+5 on 1912-01-01.
+# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
+# Portuguese India switched to UT +05 on 1912-01-01.
 #Zone	Asia/Panaji	[not enough info to complete]
 
 # Cambodia
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11):
 # See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data.  Also, guess
-# (1) Cambodia reverted to UT+7 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did, and
-# (2) they also reverted to UT+7 on 1953-11-09, the date of independence.
+# (1) Cambodia reverted to UT +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did, and
+# (2) they also reverted to +07 on 1953-11-09, the date of independence.
 # These guesses are probably wrong but they're better than guessing no
 # transitions there.
 Zone	Asia/Phnom_Penh	6:59:40 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
 			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
-			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
-			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
-			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
-			8:00	-	IDT	1953 Nov  9
-			7:00	-	ICT
+			7:00	-	+07	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	+08	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	+07	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	+08	1953 Nov  9
+			7:00	-	+07
 
 # Israel
 Zone	Asia/Tel_Aviv	2:19:04 -	LMT	1880
@@ -506,21 +530,21 @@
 # Laos
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11):
 # See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data.
-# Trần's book says that Laos reverted to UT+7 on 1955-04-15.
-# Also, guess that Laos reverted to UT+7 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did;
+# Trần's book says that Laos reverted to UT +07 on 1955-04-15.
+# Also, guess that Laos reverted to +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did;
 # this is probably wrong but it's better than guessing no transition.
 Zone	Asia/Vientiane	6:50:24 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
 			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
-			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
-			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
-			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
-			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
-			8:00	-	IDT	1955 Apr 15
-			7:00	-	ICT
+			7:00	-	+07	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	+08	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	+07	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	+08	1955 Apr 15
+			7:00	-	+07
 
 # Jan Mayen
 # From Whitman:
-Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen	-1:00	-	EGT
+Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen	-1:00	-	-01
 
 # St Helena
 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890 # Jamestown
@@ -540,10 +564,10 @@
 
 # Guernsey
 # Data from Joseph S. Myers
-# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
 # References to be added
-# LMT Location - 49.27N -2.33E - St.Peter Port
-Zone	Europe/Guernsey	-0:09:19 -	LMT	1913 Jun 18
+# LMT is for Town Church, St. Peter Port, 49° 27' 17" N, 2° 32' 10" W.
+Zone	Europe/Guernsey	-0:10:09 -	LMT	1913 Jun 18
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1940 Jul  2
 			 1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
@@ -555,11 +579,11 @@
 #
 # From Lester Caine (2013-09-04):
 # The Isle of Man legislation is now on-line at
-# <http://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory
+# <https://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory
 # Time Act in 1883 and including additional confirmation of some of
 # the dates of the 'Summer Time' orders originating at
 # Westminster.  There is a little uncertainty as to the starting date
-# of the first summer time in 1916 which may have be announced a
+# of the first summer time in 1916 which may have been announced a
 # couple of days late.  There is still a substantial number of
 # documents to work through, but it is thought that every GB change
 # was also implemented on the island.
@@ -574,10 +598,10 @@
 
 # Jersey
 # Data from Joseph S. Myers
-# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
 # References to be added
-# LMT Location - 49.187N -2.107E - St. Helier
-Zone	Europe/Jersey	-0:08:25 -	LMT	1898 Jun 11 16:00u
+# LMT is for Parish Church, St. Helier, 49° 11' 0.57" N, 2° 6' 24.33" W.
+Zone	Europe/Jersey	-0:08:26 -	LMT	1898 Jun 11 16:00u
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1940 Jul  2
 			 1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
@@ -663,15 +687,13 @@
 #  "   3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A  "
 #
 Zone Pacific/Midway	-11:49:28 -	LMT	1901
-			-11:00	-	NST	1956 Jun  3
-			-11:00	1:00	NDT	1956 Sep  2
-			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr    # N=Nome
-			-11:00	-	BST	1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
-			-11:00	-	SST	            # S=Samoa
+			-11:00	-	-11	1956 Jun  3
+			-11:00	1:00	-10	1956 Sep  2
+			-11:00	-	-11
 
 # N Mariana Is
 Zone Pacific/Saipan	-14:17:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 9:43:00 -	LMT	1901
-			 9:00	-	MPT	1969 Oct    # N Mariana Is Time
-			10:00	-	MPT	2000 Dec 23
+			 9:00	-	+09	1969 Oct
+			10:00	-	+10	2000 Dec 23
 			10:00	-	ChST	# Chamorro Standard Time

Added: vendor/tzdata/dist/calendars
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/calendars	                        (rev 0)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/calendars	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+----- Calendrical issues -----
+
+As mentioned in Theory.html, although calendrical issues are out of
+scope for tzdb, they indicate the sort of problems that we would run
+into if we extended tzdb further into the past.  The following
+information and sources go beyond Theory.html's brief discussion.
+They sometimes disagree.
+
+
+France
+
+Gregorian calendar adopted 1582-12-20.
+French Revolutionary calendar used 1793-11-24 through 1805-12-31,
+and (in Paris only) 1871-05-06 through 1871-05-23.
+
+
+Russia
+
+From Chris Carrier (1996-12-02):
+On 1929-10-01 the Soviet Union instituted an "Eternal Calendar"
+with 30-day months plus 5 holidays, with a 5-day week.
+On 1931-12-01 it changed to a 6-day week; in 1934 it reverted to the
+Gregorian calendar while retaining the 6-day week; on 1940-06-27 it
+reverted to the 7-day week.  With the 6-day week the usual days
+off were the 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th and 30th of the month.
+(Source: Evitiar Zerubavel, _The Seven Day Circle_)
+
+
+Mark Brader reported a similar story in "The Book of Calendars", edited
+by Frank Parise (1982, Facts on File, ISBN 0-8719-6467-8), page 377.  But:
+
+From: Petteri Sulonen (via Usenet)
+Date: 14 Jan 1999 00:00:00 GMT
+...
+
+If your source is correct, how come documents between 1929 and 1940 were
+still dated using the conventional, Gregorian calendar?
+
+I can post a scan of a document dated December 1, 1934, signed by
+Yenukidze, the secretary, on behalf of Kalinin, the President of the
+Executive Committee of the Supreme Soviet, if you like.
+
+
+
+Sweden (and Finland)
+
+From: Mark Brader
+Subject: Re: Gregorian reform - a part of locale?
+<news:1996Jul6.012937.29190 at sq.com>
+Date: 1996-07-06
+
+In 1700, Denmark made the transition from Julian to Gregorian.  Sweden
+decided to *start* a transition in 1700 as well, but rather than have one of
+those unsightly calendar gaps :-), they simply decreed that the next leap
+year after 1696 would be in 1744 - putting the whole country on a calendar
+different from both Julian and Gregorian for a period of 40 years.
+
+However, in 1704 something went wrong and the plan was not carried through;
+they did, after all, have a leap year that year.  And one in 1708.  In 1712
+they gave it up and went back to Julian, putting 30 days in February that
+year!...
+
+Then in 1753, Sweden made the transition to Gregorian in the usual manner,
+getting there only 13 years behind the original schedule.
+
+(A previous posting of this story was challenged, and Swedish readers
+produced the following references to support it: "Tideräkning och historia"
+by Natanael Beckman (1924) and "Tid, en bok om tideräkning och
+kalenderväsen" by Lars-Olof Lodén (1968).
+
+
+Grotefend's data
+
+From: "Michael Palmer" [with one obvious typo fixed]
+Subject: Re: Gregorian Calendar (was Re: Another FHC related question
+Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.german
+Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:32:48 -800
+...
+
+The following is a(n incomplete) listing, arranged chronologically, of
+European states, with the date they converted from the Julian to the
+Gregorian calendar:
+
+04/15 Oct 1582 - Italy (with exceptions), Spain, Portugal, Poland (Roman
+                 Catholics and Danzig only)
+09/20 Dec 1582 - France, Lorraine
+
+21 Dec 1582/
+   01 Jan 1583 - Holland, Brabant, Flanders, Hennegau
+10/21 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Liege (Lüttich)
+13/24 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Augsburg
+04/15 Oct 1583 - electorate of Trier
+05/16 Oct 1583 - Bavaria, bishoprics of Freising, Eichstedt, Regensburg,
+                 Salzburg, Brixen
+13/24 Oct 1583 - Austrian Oberelsaß and Breisgau
+20/31 Oct 1583 - bishopric of Basel
+02/13 Nov 1583 - duchy of Jülich-Berg
+02/13 Nov 1583 - electorate and city of Köln
+04/15 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Würzburg
+11/22 Nov 1583 - electorate of Mainz
+16/27 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Strassburg and the margraviate of Baden
+17/28 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Münster and duchy of Cleve
+14/25 Dec 1583 - Steiermark
+
+06/17 Jan 1584 - Austria and Bohemia
+11/22 Jan 1584 - Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn
+12/23 Jan 1584 - Silesia and the Lausitz
+22 Jan/
+   02 Feb 1584 - Hungary (legally on 21 Oct 1587)
+      Jun 1584 - Unterwalden
+01/12 Jul 1584 - duchy of Westfalen
+
+16/27 Jun 1585 - bishopric of Paderborn
+
+14/25 Dec 1590 - Transylvania
+
+22 Aug/
+   02 Sep 1612 - duchy of Prussia
+
+13/24 Dec 1614 - Pfalz-Neuburg
+
+          1617 - duchy of Kurland (reverted to the Julian calendar in
+                 1796)
+
+          1624 - bishopric of Osnabrück
+
+          1630 - bishopric of Minden
+
+15/26 Mar 1631 - bishopric of Hildesheim
+
+          1655 - Kanton Wallis
+
+05/16 Feb 1682 - city of Strassburg
+
+18 Feb/
+   01 Mar 1700 - Protestant Germany (including Swedish possessions in
+                 Germany), Denmark, Norway
+30 Jun/
+   12 Jul 1700 - Gelderland, Zutphen
+10 Nov/
+   12 Dec 1700 - Utrecht, Overijssel
+
+31 Dec 1700/
+   12 Jan 1701 - Friesland, Groningen, Zürich, Bern, Basel, Geneva,
+                 Turgau, and Schaffhausen
+
+          1724 - Glarus, Appenzell, and the city of St. Gallen
+
+01 Jan 1750    - Pisa and Florence
+
+02/14 Sep 1752 - Great Britain
+
+17 Feb/
+   01 Mar 1753 - Sweden
+
+1760-1812      - Graubünden
+
+The Russian empire (including Finland and the Baltic states) did not
+convert to the Gregorian calendar until the Soviet revolution of 1917.
+
+Source: H. Grotefend, _Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen
+Mittelalters und der Neuzeit_, herausgegeben von Dr. O. Grotefend
+(Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1941), pp. 26-28.
+
+-----
+
+This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by
+Arthur David Olson.
+
+-----
+Local Variables:
+coding: utf-8
+End:

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/checklinks.awk
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/checklinks.awk	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/checklinks.awk	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     Zone = "\n"
 }
 
-/^Zone/ {
+/^Z/ {
     if (defined[$2]) {
 	if (defined[$2] == Zone) {
 	    printf "%s: Zone has duplicate definition\n", $2
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     defined[$2] = Zone
 }
 
-/^Link/ {
+/^L/ {
     if (defined[$3]) {
 	if (defined[$3] == Zone) {
 	    printf "%s: Link with same name as Zone\n", $3

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/checktab.awk
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/checktab.awk	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/checktab.awk	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@
 	if ($1 == "Zone") {
 		tz = $2
 		ruleUsed[$4] = 1
+		if ($5 ~ /%/) rulePercentUsed[$4] = 1
 	} else if ($1 == "Link" && zone_table == "zone.tab") {
 		# Ignore Link commands if source and destination basenames
 		# are identical, e.g. Europe/Istanbul versus Asia/Istanbul.
@@ -136,8 +137,10 @@
 		if (src != dst) tz = $3
 	} else if ($1 == "Rule") {
 		ruleDefined[$2] = 1
+		if ($10 != "-") ruleLetters[$2] = 1
 	} else {
 		ruleUsed[$2] = 1
+		if ($3 ~ /%/) rulePercentUsed[$2] = 1
 	}
 	if (tz && tz ~ /\//) {
 		if (!tztab[tz]) {
@@ -156,6 +159,12 @@
 			status = 1
 		}
 	}
+	for (tz in ruleLetters) {
+		if (!rulePercentUsed[tz]) {
+			printf "%s: Rule contains letters never used\n", tz
+			status = 1
+		}
+	}
 	for (tz in tztab) {
 		if (!zoneSeen[tz]) {
 			printf "%s:%d: no Zone table for '%s'\n", \

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/etcetera
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/etcetera	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/etcetera	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@
 # need now for the entries that are not on UTC are for ships at sea
 # that cannot use POSIX TZ settings.
 
+# Starting with POSIX 1003.1-2001, the entries below are all
+# unnecessary as settings for the TZ environment variable.  E.g.,
+# instead of TZ='Etc/GMT+4' one can use the POSIX setting TZ='<-04>+4'.
+#
+# Do not use a POSIX TZ setting like TZ='GMT+4', which is four hours
+# behind GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT".
+
 Zone	Etc/GMT		0	-	GMT
 Zone	Etc/UTC		0	-	UTC
 Zone	Etc/UCT		0	-	UCT
@@ -14,9 +21,9 @@
 
 # The following link uses older naming conventions,
 # but it belongs here, not in the file 'backward',
-# as functions like gmtime load the "GMT" file to handle leap seconds properly.
+# as functions like gmtime load the "UTC" file to handle leap seconds properly.
 # We want this to work even on installations that omit the other older names.
-Link	Etc/GMT				GMT
+Link	Etc/UTC				UTC
 
 Link	Etc/UTC				Etc/Universal
 Link	Etc/UTC				Etc/Zulu
@@ -26,23 +33,13 @@
 Link	Etc/GMT				Etc/GMT+0
 Link	Etc/GMT				Etc/GMT0
 
-# We use POSIX-style signs in the Zone names and the output abbreviations,
+# Be consistent with POSIX TZ settings in the Zone names,
 # even though this is the opposite of what many people expect.
 # POSIX has positive signs west of Greenwich, but many people expect
 # positive signs east of Greenwich.  For example, TZ='Etc/GMT+4' uses
-# the abbreviation "GMT+4" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UT
+# the abbreviation "-04" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UT
 # (i.e. west of Greenwich) even though many people would expect it to
 # mean 4 hours ahead of UT (i.e. east of Greenwich).
-#
-# In the draft 5 of POSIX 1003.1-200x, the angle bracket notation allows for
-# TZ='<GMT-4>+4'; if you want time zone abbreviations conforming to
-# ISO 8601 you can use TZ='<-0400>+4'.  Thus the commonly-expected
-# offset is kept within the angle bracket (and is used for display)
-# while the POSIX sign is kept outside the angle bracket (and is used
-# for calculation).
-#
-# Do not use a TZ setting like TZ='GMT+4', which is four hours behind
-# GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT".
 
 # Earlier incarnations of this package were not POSIX-compliant,
 # and had lines such as
@@ -51,30 +48,31 @@
 # way does a
 #		zic -l GMT-12
 # so we moved the names into the Etc subdirectory.
+# Also, the time zone abbreviations are now compatible with %z.
 
-Zone	Etc/GMT-14	14	-	GMT-14	# 14 hours ahead of GMT
-Zone	Etc/GMT-13	13	-	GMT-13
-Zone	Etc/GMT-12	12	-	GMT-12
-Zone	Etc/GMT-11	11	-	GMT-11
-Zone	Etc/GMT-10	10	-	GMT-10
-Zone	Etc/GMT-9	9	-	GMT-9
-Zone	Etc/GMT-8	8	-	GMT-8
-Zone	Etc/GMT-7	7	-	GMT-7
-Zone	Etc/GMT-6	6	-	GMT-6
-Zone	Etc/GMT-5	5	-	GMT-5
-Zone	Etc/GMT-4	4	-	GMT-4
-Zone	Etc/GMT-3	3	-	GMT-3
-Zone	Etc/GMT-2	2	-	GMT-2
-Zone	Etc/GMT-1	1	-	GMT-1
-Zone	Etc/GMT+1	-1	-	GMT+1
-Zone	Etc/GMT+2	-2	-	GMT+2
-Zone	Etc/GMT+3	-3	-	GMT+3
-Zone	Etc/GMT+4	-4	-	GMT+4
-Zone	Etc/GMT+5	-5	-	GMT+5
-Zone	Etc/GMT+6	-6	-	GMT+6
-Zone	Etc/GMT+7	-7	-	GMT+7
-Zone	Etc/GMT+8	-8	-	GMT+8
-Zone	Etc/GMT+9	-9	-	GMT+9
-Zone	Etc/GMT+10	-10	-	GMT+10
-Zone	Etc/GMT+11	-11	-	GMT+11
-Zone	Etc/GMT+12	-12	-	GMT+12
+Zone	Etc/GMT-14	14	-	+14
+Zone	Etc/GMT-13	13	-	+13
+Zone	Etc/GMT-12	12	-	+12
+Zone	Etc/GMT-11	11	-	+11
+Zone	Etc/GMT-10	10	-	+10
+Zone	Etc/GMT-9	9	-	+09
+Zone	Etc/GMT-8	8	-	+08
+Zone	Etc/GMT-7	7	-	+07
+Zone	Etc/GMT-6	6	-	+06
+Zone	Etc/GMT-5	5	-	+05
+Zone	Etc/GMT-4	4	-	+04
+Zone	Etc/GMT-3	3	-	+03
+Zone	Etc/GMT-2	2	-	+02
+Zone	Etc/GMT-1	1	-	+01
+Zone	Etc/GMT+1	-1	-	-01
+Zone	Etc/GMT+2	-2	-	-02
+Zone	Etc/GMT+3	-3	-	-03
+Zone	Etc/GMT+4	-4	-	-04
+Zone	Etc/GMT+5	-5	-	-05
+Zone	Etc/GMT+6	-6	-	-06
+Zone	Etc/GMT+7	-7	-	-07
+Zone	Etc/GMT+8	-8	-	-08
+Zone	Etc/GMT+9	-9	-	-09
+Zone	Etc/GMT+10	-10	-	-10
+Zone	Etc/GMT+11	-11	-	-11
+Zone	Etc/GMT+12	-12	-	-12

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/europe
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/europe	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/europe	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # tz at iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 #	[PDF] (1914-03)
 #
 #	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
-#	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.  He writes:
+#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.  He writes:
 #	"It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables
 #	may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society,
 #	Savile Row, London."  Nowadays please email them to tz at iana.org.
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #
 #	Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919.
 #	This Russian-language source was consulted by Vladimir Karpinsky; see
-#	http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html
+#	https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html
 #	The full Russian citation is:
 #	Бялокоз, Евгений Людвигович. Новый счет времени в течении суток
 #	введенный декретом Совета народных комиссаров для всей России с 1-го
@@ -56,30 +56,27 @@
 #	History of Summer Time
 #	<http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm>
 #	(1998-09-21, in Portuguese)
-
 #
 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
-# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
-# Corrections are welcome!
-#                   std dst  2dst
-#                   LMT           Local Mean Time
-#       -4:00       AST ADT       Atlantic
-#       -3:00       WGT WGST      Western Greenland*
-#       -1:00       EGT EGST      Eastern Greenland*
-#        0:00       GMT BST  BDST Greenwich, British Summer
-#        0:00       GMT IST       Greenwich, Irish Summer
-#        0:00       WET WEST WEMT Western Europe
-#        0:19:32.13 AMT NST       Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)*
-#        0:20       NET NEST      Netherlands (1937-1940)*
-#        1:00       BST           British Standard (1968-1971)
-#        1:00       CET CEST CEMT Central Europe
-#        1:00:14    SET           Swedish (1879-1899)*
-#        2:00       EET EEST      Eastern Europe
-#        3:00       FET           Further-eastern Europe (2011-2014)*
-#        3:00       MSK MSD  MSM* Minsk, Moscow
+# the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time,
+# or are from other sources.  Corrections are welcome!
+#                   std  dst  2dst
+#                   LMT             Local Mean Time
+#       -4:00       AST  ADT        Atlantic
+#        0:00       GMT  BST  BDST  Greenwich, British Summer
+#        0:00       GMT  IST        Greenwich, Irish Summer
+#        0:00       WET  WEST WEMT  Western Europe
+#        0:19:32.13 AMT* NST*       Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)
+#        1:00       BST             British Standard (1968-1971)
+#        1:00       IST  GMT        Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST
+#        1:00       CET  CEST CEMT  Central Europe
+#        1:00:14    SET             Swedish (1879-1899)
+#        1:36:34    RMT* LST*       Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)*
+#        2:00       EET  EEST       Eastern Europe
+#        3:00       MSK  MSD  MDST* Moscow
 
-# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04),
-# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
+# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members:
+# The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
 # Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
 # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
 # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
@@ -120,8 +117,8 @@
 # along the towpath within a few yards of it.'
 #
 # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's
-# position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should
-# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761.
+# position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should
+# be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761.
 #
 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
 
@@ -161,7 +158,7 @@
 # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research.
 # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society
 # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift.  See:
-# Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg.
+# Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°.
 # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734
 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html
 # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal
@@ -191,7 +188,7 @@
 # foundations of civilization throughout the world.
 #	-- "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly;
 #	republished in Finest Hour (Spring 2002) 1(114):26
-#	http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf
+#	https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-08-08):
 # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving"
@@ -229,8 +226,8 @@
 # official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't
 # but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British
 # Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally.
-# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png
-# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png
+# https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png
+# https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png
 
 # From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21):
 # [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time
@@ -247,13 +244,13 @@
 # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom.
 # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating
 # and extending this list, which can be found in
-# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/
+# https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/
 
 # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06):
 #
 # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC;
 # see Lord Tanlaw's speech
-# http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0
+# https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0
 # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976).
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
@@ -282,16 +279,31 @@
 # The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful;
 # we'll ignore it for now.
 #     * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04):
 #
+# Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as
+# Greenwich was to London.  For example:
 #
-# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than
-# Shanks & Pottenger.
-# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory
-# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was
-# to London.  For example:
-#
 #   "Timeball on the ballast office is down.  Dunsink time."
 #   -- James Joyce, Ulysses
+#
+# The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time";
+# this being Ireland, opinions differed.
+#
+# Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees
+# with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink
+# Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24.
+# <https://www.maths.tcd.ie/~dwmalone/time/dunsink.html>.  Malone
+# writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when
+# it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used
+# the former and the 1896 edition used the latter).  Evidently the
+# news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists
+# UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau.  As it is
+# not clear that there was any practical significance to the change
+# from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this
+# transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its
+# fraction since our format cannot represent fractions.
 
 # "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time
 # was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that
@@ -299,7 +311,7 @@
 # Irish 'public feeling (was) outraged by forcing of English time on us'."
 # -- Parsons M. Dublin lost its time zone - and 25 minutes - after 1916 Rising.
 # Irish Times 2014-10-27.
-# http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411
+# https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411
 
 # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26):
 # Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>.
@@ -351,7 +363,29 @@
 # regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of
 # Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is
 # "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST".
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07):
+# The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct
+# abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor
+# focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time".  Though the
+# "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an
+# error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that
+# standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in
+# summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter.  (Thanks
+# to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.)  That is, when
+# Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish
+# Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT
+# as a negative daylight saving time in winter.  So, in this database
+# IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for
+# Irish Standard Time after that.  See:
+# http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print
 
+# Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's
+# Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947:
+# http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print
+# http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print
+# http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 # Summer Time Act, 1916
 Rule	GB-Eire	1916	only	-	May	21	2:00s	1:00	BST
@@ -474,27 +508,60 @@
 Link	Europe/London	Europe/Guernsey
 Link	Europe/London	Europe/Isle_of_Man
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15):
+# In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the
+# Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU:
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html
+# and with tests for OpenJDK:
+# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html
+#
+# To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the
+# following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the
+# other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps
+# after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst
+# flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often
+# suffices.  This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE
+# values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should
+# not rely on it.
+#
+# The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in
+# summer and negative daylight saving time in winter.  It is for when
+# negative SAVE values are used.
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule	Eire	1971	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00u	-1:00	-
+Rule	Eire	1972	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	 2:00u	0	-
+Rule	Eire	1972	1980	-	Oct	Sun>=23	 2:00u	-1:00	-
+Rule	Eire	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
+Rule	Eire	1981	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=23	 1:00u	-1:00	-
+Rule	Eire	1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00u	-1:00	-
+Rule	Eire	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	-1:00	-
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:00 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
-			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21  2:00
+			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21  2:00s
 			-0:25:21 1:00	IST	1916 Oct  1  2:00s
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1921 Dec  6 # independence
-			 0:00	GB-Eire	GMT/IST	1940 Feb 25  2:00
-			 0:00	1:00	IST	1946 Oct  6  2:00
-			 0:00	-	GMT	1947 Mar 16  2:00
-			 0:00	1:00	IST	1947 Nov  2  2:00
-			 0:00	-	GMT	1948 Apr 18  2:00
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	GMT/IST	1940 Feb 25  2:00s
+			 0:00	1:00	IST	1946 Oct  6  2:00s
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1947 Mar 16  2:00s
+			 0:00	1:00	IST	1947 Nov  2  2:00s
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1948 Apr 18  2:00s
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	GMT/IST	1968 Oct 27
-			 1:00	-	IST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
-			 0:00	GB-Eire	GMT/IST	1996
-			 0:00	EU	GMT/IST
+# The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used.
+			 1:00	Eire	IST/GMT
+# These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative.
+#			 1:00	-	IST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
+#			 0:00	GB-Eire	GMT/IST	1996
+#			 0:00	EU	GMT/IST
 
+
 ###############################################################################
 
 # Europe
 
-# EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC,
-# Common Market, etc.
+# The following rules are for the European Union and for its
+# predecessor organization, the European Communities.
+# For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	EU	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00u	1:00	S
@@ -583,16 +650,33 @@
 Rule	E-Eur	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	E-Eur	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
 
+
+# Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union
+#
+# The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23).
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Russia	1917	only	-	Jul	 1	23:00	1:00	MST  # Moscow Summer Time
+#
+# Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137
 Rule	Russia	1917	only	-	Dec	28	 0:00	0	MMT  # Moscow Mean Time
+#
+# Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001
 Rule	Russia	1918	only	-	May	31	22:00	2:00	MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time
 Rule	Russia	1918	only	-	Sep	16	 1:00	1:00	MST
+#
+# Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949
 Rule	Russia	1919	only	-	May	31	23:00	2:00	MDST
-Rule	Russia	1919	only	-	Jul	 1	 2:00	1:00	MSD
+#
+Rule	Russia	1919	only	-	Jul	 1	 0:00u	1:00	MSD
 Rule	Russia	1919	only	-	Aug	16	 0:00	0	MSK
+#
+# Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840
 Rule	Russia	1921	only	-	Feb	14	23:00	1:00	MSD
-Rule	Russia	1921	only	-	Mar	20	23:00	2:00	MSM  # Midsummer
+#
+# Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949
+Rule	Russia	1921	only	-	Mar	20	23:00	2:00	+05
+#
 Rule	Russia	1921	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	1:00	MSD
 Rule	Russia	1921	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
 # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
@@ -612,7 +696,7 @@
 # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227.
 #
 # I did not find full texts of these acts.  For the 1989 one we have
-# title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ :
+# title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ :
 # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of
 # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan,
 # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts".
@@ -643,7 +727,7 @@
 # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583
 #
 # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian):
-# http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html
+# https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
 # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered
@@ -770,13 +854,11 @@
 # Sources (Russian language):
 # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html
 # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/
-# http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html
+# https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html
 #
 # From Alexander Bokovoy (2014-10-09):
 # Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time....
 # http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-08):
-# Hence Belarus can share time zone abbreviations with Moscow again.
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Minsk	1:50:16 -	LMT	1880
@@ -787,8 +869,7 @@
 			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1990
 			3:00	-	MSK	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
 			2:00	Russia	EE%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			3:00	-	FET	2014 Oct 26  1:00s
-			3:00	-	MSK
+			3:00	-	+03
 
 # Belgium
 #
@@ -888,19 +969,31 @@
 # Cyprus
 # Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
 
-# Czech Republic
+# Czech Republic / Czechia
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15):
+# The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15.
+# https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas
+# We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time;
+# abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Nov	18	2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Apr	Mon>=1	2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Czech	1945	only	-	Oct	 1	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Czech	1946	only	-	May	 6	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Czech	1946	1949	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Czech	1947	only	-	Apr	20	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Czech	1948	only	-	Apr	18	2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Czech	1947	1948	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Czech	1949	only	-	Apr	 9	2:00s	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 			0:57:44	-	PMT	1891 Oct    # Prague Mean Time
-			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Sep 17  2:00s
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  9
+			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1946 Dec  1  3:00
+# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
+			1:00	-1:00	GMT	1947 Feb 23  2:00
+# Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST.
+#			0:00	-	GMT	1947 Feb 23  2:00
+# End of rearguard section.
 			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1979
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
@@ -913,7 +1006,7 @@
 # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL
 # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
 #
-# The EU treaty with effect from 1973:
+# The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973:
 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL
 #
 # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
@@ -969,9 +1062,10 @@
 # East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones.
 # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
-# and left the EU on 1985-02-01.  It therefore should have been using EU
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10):
+# Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark,
+# obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities
+# on 1985-02-01.  It therefore should have been using EU
 # rules at least through 1984.  Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb
 # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
 # rules since at least 1991.  Assume EU rules since 1980.
@@ -1051,16 +1145,16 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28
-			-3:00	-	WGT	1980 Apr  6  2:00
-			-3:00	EU	WG%sT	1996
+			-3:00	-	-03	1980 Apr  6  2:00
+			-3:00	EU	-03/-02	1996
 			0:00	-	GMT
 Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
-			-2:00	-	CGT	1980 Apr  6  2:00
-			-2:00	C-Eur	CG%sT	1981 Mar 29
-			-1:00	EU	EG%sT
+			-2:00	-	-02	1980 Apr  6  2:00
+			-2:00	C-Eur	-02/-01	1981 Mar 29
+			-1:00	EU	-01/+00
 Zone America/Godthab	-3:26:56 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
-			-3:00	-	WGT	1980 Apr  6  2:00
-			-3:00	EU	WG%sT
+			-3:00	-	-03	1980 Apr  6  2:00
+			-3:00	EU	-03/-02
 Zone America/Thule	-4:35:08 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
 			-4:00	Thule	A%sT
 
@@ -1094,7 +1188,7 @@
 # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg"
 # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time).
 
-# From The Baltic Times <http://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09)
+# From The Baltic Times <https://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09)
 # via Steffen Thorsen:
 # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time,
 # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6....
@@ -1146,7 +1240,7 @@
 # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac
 # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in
 # Finnish) at
-# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf
+# https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf
 #
 # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings
 # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills.
@@ -1159,7 +1253,7 @@
 
 # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13):
 # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013]
-# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf
+# https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf
 # pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942
 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942,
 # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper
@@ -1285,11 +1379,11 @@
 # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29):
 # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische
 # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916.
-# [See tz-link.htm for the URL.]
+# [See tz-link.html for the URL.]
 
 # From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23):
 # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by
-# http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/
+# https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/
 # General [Nikolai] Bersarin.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08):
@@ -1296,7 +1390,7 @@
 # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf
 # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20.
 # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so
-# this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4.
+# this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04.
 
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@@ -1382,7 +1476,7 @@
 			1:00	Greece	CE%sT	1944 Apr  4
 			2:00	Greece	EE%sT	1981
 			# Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981;
-			# go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
+			# go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1.
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 
 # Hungary
@@ -1454,21 +1548,21 @@
 # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Iceland	1917	1919	-	Feb	19	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1917	1919	-	Feb	19	23:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1917	only	-	Oct	21	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1918	1919	-	Nov	16	 1:00	0	-
-Rule	Iceland	1921	only	-	Mar	19	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1921	only	-	Mar	19	23:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1921	only	-	Jun	23	 1:00	0	-
-Rule	Iceland	1939	only	-	Apr	29	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1939	only	-	Apr	29	23:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1939	only	-	Oct	29	 2:00	0	-
-Rule	Iceland	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1940	1941	-	Nov	Sun>=2	 1:00s	0	-
-Rule	Iceland	1941	1942	-	Mar	Sun>=2	 1:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1941	1942	-	Mar	Sun>=2	 1:00s	1:00	-
 # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter
-Rule	Iceland	1943	1946	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1943	1946	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1942	1948	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00s	0	-
 # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter
-Rule	Iceland	1947	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Iceland	1947	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	-
 # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week
 Rule	Iceland	1949	only	-	Oct	30	 1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1950	1966	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00s	0	-
@@ -1475,7 +1569,7 @@
 Rule	Iceland	1967	only	-	Oct	29	 1:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
-			-1:00	Iceland	IS%sT	1968 Apr  7  1:00s
+			-1:00	Iceland	-01/+00	1968 Apr  7  1:00s
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 
 # Italy
@@ -1487,73 +1581,84 @@
 # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
 # so record only the time in Rome.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
-# F. Pollastri
-# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
-# http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html
-# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
-# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
+# From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24):
+# http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10
+# ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into
+# force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in
+# the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...."
 #
-# year	FP	Shanks&P. (S)	Whitman (W)	Go with:
-# 1916	06-03	06-03 24:00	06-03 00:00	FP & W
-#	09-30	09-30 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1917	04-01	03-31 24:00	03-31 00:00	FP & S
-#	09-30	09-29 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP & W
-# 1918	03-09	03-09 24:00	03-09 00:00	FP & S
-#	10-06	10-05 24:00	10-06 01:00	FP & W
-# 1919	03-01	03-01 24:00	03-01 00:00	FP & S
-#	10-04	10-04 24:00	10-04 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1920	03-20	03-20 24:00	03-20 00:00	FP & S
-#	09-18	09-18 24:00	10-01 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1944	04-02	04-03 02:00			S (see C-Eur)
-#	09-16	10-02 03:00			FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1945	09-14	09-16 24:00			FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1970	05-21	05-31 00:00			S
-#	09-20	09-27 00:00			S
+# From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20):
+# The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological
+# institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at
+# http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml
+# (2016-10-24):
+# http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/
+# has still different data for 1944.  It divides Italy in two, as
+# there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic
+# Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south
+# of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies.
 #
+# From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23):
+# Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219.
+# Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ...
+# Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is
+# advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ...
+# Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27):
+# Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944
+# for the Kingdom of Italy.  This is consistent with Renzo Baldini.
+# Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10
+# to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it
+# was effectively controlled by Germany.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	10	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1918	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 2	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	21	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Sep	19	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	15	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Sep	17	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	15	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Oct	 5	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Feb	29	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Oct	 3	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1966	1968	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1966	1969	-	Sep	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1969	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	May	31	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1971	1972	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1971	only	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1972	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1973	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1973	1974	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1974	only	-	May	26	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1975	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1975	1977	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1976	only	-	May	30	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1977	1979	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1916	1917	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Mar	31	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Oct	 6	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Oct	 4	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Sep	18	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	14	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Sep	17	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	15	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Oct	 5	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Feb	29	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Oct	 3	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1966	1968	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1966	only	-	Sep	24	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1967	1969	-	Sep	Sun>=22	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1969	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	May	31	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1971	1972	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1971	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1972	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1973	only	-	Jun	 3	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1973	1974	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1974	only	-	May	26	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1975	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1975	1977	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1976	only	-	May	30	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1977	1979	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	 0:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Sep 22
-			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Nov  1  0:00s # Rome Mean
-			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1942 Nov  2  2:00s
-			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jul
+			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
+			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1943 Sep 10
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jun  4
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
@@ -1752,6 +1857,10 @@
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
 
 # Malta
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21):
+# Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Mar	31	0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Sep	29	0:00s	0	-
@@ -1762,8 +1871,6 @@
 Rule	Malta	1980	only	-	Mar	31	2:00	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
-			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1942 Nov  2  2:00s
-			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2  2:00s
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1973 Mar 31
 			1:00	Malta	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -1816,7 +1923,7 @@
 # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)-
 # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011.
 # News from Moldova (in russian):
-# http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html
+# https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html
 
 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02):
 # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077
@@ -1823,7 +1930,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01):
 # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that
 # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time.  Also,
-# http://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara
+# https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara
 # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time.
 # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU.
 
@@ -1895,7 +2002,7 @@
 # Amsterdam mean time.
 
 # The data entries before 1945 are taken from
-# http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm
+# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Neth	1916	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	NST	# Netherlands Summer Time
@@ -1921,12 +2028,12 @@
 Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Sep	16	2:00s	0	-
 #
-# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted
+# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted
 # below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Amsterdam	0:19:32 -	LMT	1835
 			0:19:32	Neth	%s	1937 Jul  1
-			0:20	Neth	NE%sT	1940 May 16  0:00 # Dutch Time
+			0:20	Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16  0:00
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2  2:00
 			1:00	Neth	CE%sT	1977
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -1976,7 +2083,7 @@
 # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was
 # keeping Berlin time.
 #
-# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists
+# <https://www.jan-mayen.no/history.htm> says that the meteorologists
 # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in
 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite
 # frequent air attacks from Germans.  In 1943 the Americans established a
@@ -2014,7 +2121,7 @@
 Rule	Poland	1945	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	-
 # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski,
 # Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U.,
-# http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1
+# https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1
 # Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference.
 # He also gives these further references:
 # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm>
@@ -2045,15 +2152,19 @@
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 # Portugal
-#
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
-# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
+# https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00.
-# Round the old offset to -0:36:45.  This agrees with Willett but disagrees
-# with Shanks, who says the transition occurred on 1911-05-24 at 00:00 for
-# Europe/Lisbon, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira.
+# Round the old offset to -0:36:45.  This agrees with Willett....
 #
+# From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15):
+# article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...:
+# These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which,
+# according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins,
+# all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ...
+
 # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12):
 # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
 # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
@@ -2068,7 +2179,7 @@
 # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00.
 # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00.
 # Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal
-# harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter.
+# harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 # DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not
@@ -2136,7 +2247,7 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Lisbon	-0:36:45 -	LMT	1884
-			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1 # Lisbon Mean Time
+			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  0:00u # Lisbon MT
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1966 Apr  3  2:00
 			 1:00	-	CET	1976 Sep 26  1:00
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
@@ -2143,16 +2254,34 @@
 			 0:00	W-Eur	WE%sT	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT	1996 Mar 31  1:00u
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
+# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
 Zone Atlantic/Azores	-1:42:40 -	LMT	1884        # Ponta Delgada
-			-1:54:32 -	HMT	1912 Jan  1 # Horta Mean Time
-			-2:00	Port	AZO%sT	1966 Apr  3  2:00  # Azores Time
-			-1:00	Port	AZO%sT	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
-			-1:00	W-Eur	AZO%sT	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
+			-1:54:32 -	HMT	1912 Jan  1  2:00u # Horta MT
+			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1942 Apr 25 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	+00	1942 Aug 15 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1943 Apr 17 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	+00	1943 Aug 28 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1944 Apr 22 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	+00	1944 Aug 26 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1945 Apr 21 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	+00	1945 Aug 25 22:00s
+			-2:00	Port	-02/-01	1966 Apr  3  2:00
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
+			-1:00	W-Eur	-01/+00	1992 Sep 27  1:00s
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT	1993 Mar 28  1:00u
-			-1:00	EU	AZO%sT
+			-1:00	EU	-01/+00
+# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
 Zone Atlantic/Madeira	-1:07:36 -	LMT	1884        # Funchal
-			-1:07:36 -	FMT	1912 Jan  1 # Funchal Mean Time
-			-1:00	Port	MAD%sT	1966 Apr  3  2:00 # Madeira Time
+			-1:07:36 -	FMT	1912 Jan  1  1:00u # Funchal MT
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1942 Apr 25 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	+01	1942 Aug 15 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1943 Apr 17 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	+01	1943 Aug 28 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1944 Apr 22 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	+01	1944 Aug 26 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1945 Apr 21 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	+01	1945 Aug 25 22:00s
+			-1:00	Port	-01/+00	1966 Apr  3  2:00
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1983 Sep 25  1:00s
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
 
@@ -2212,7 +2341,7 @@
 # 2011 No. 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information.
 #
 # Another source is
-# http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html
+# https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html
 # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the
 # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also
 # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on:
@@ -2220,7 +2349,7 @@
 # does not contain any "effective date" information.
 #
 # Another source is
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7
 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution No. 725 of August 31, 2011...
 # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication"
 # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011.
@@ -2256,11 +2385,10 @@
 # http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711
 # http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660
 # http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279
-# From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this:
+# From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this:
 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
 # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
 # are from Andrey A. Chernov.  The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger,
 # except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat
@@ -2304,7 +2432,7 @@
 # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions
 # are covered by each zone.  They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative
 # listing.  The region codes listed come from
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their
 # future stability.  ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level
 # divisions where available.
@@ -2336,7 +2464,7 @@
 			 2:00	Poland	CE%sT	1946
 			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
 			 2:00	Russia	EE%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 3:00	-	FET	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
 			 2:00	-	EET
 
 
@@ -2389,6 +2517,16 @@
 # 78	RU-SPE	Saint Petersburg
 # 83	RU-NEN	Nenets Autonomous Okrug
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23):
+# The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919.  Decree No. 59
+# (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time
+# zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854
+# specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT.
+# No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date;
+# later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are
+# taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks.
+# (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.)
+
 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
 # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982.
 # Wikipedia refers to
@@ -2430,7 +2568,7 @@
 # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers
 # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982.  1980-925.txt also adds
 # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky
-# district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okurg.  Probably erroneously.
+# district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug.  Probably erroneously.
 #
 # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow,
 # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk.
@@ -2459,7 +2597,7 @@
 # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091
 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the
 # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at
-# http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html
+# https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html
 # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception
 # 2 days before the switch.
 #
@@ -2472,13 +2610,13 @@
 
 # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08):
 # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow
-# Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30")....
+# Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30")....
 # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard.
 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.)
 # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by
 # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg.  In 1916 LMT Moscow
 # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory
-# coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" >
+# coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" >
 # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19.  LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 =
 # 2:31:19 ...
 #
@@ -2490,7 +2628,7 @@
 
 Zone Europe/Moscow	 2:30:17 -	LMT	1880
 			 2:30:17 -	MMT	1916 Jul  3 # Moscow Mean Time
-			 2:31:19 Russia	%s	1919 Jul  1  2:00
+			 2:31:19 Russia	%s	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
 			 3:00	Russia	%s	1921 Oct
 			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1922 Oct
 			 2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
@@ -2501,10 +2639,8 @@
 			 3:00	-	MSK
 
 
-# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
-# Europe/Simferopol covers...
-# **	****	Crimea, Republic of
-# **	****	Sevastopol
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06):
+# Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea.
 
 Zone Europe/Simferopol	 2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
 			 2:16	-	SMT	1924 May  2 # Simferopol Mean T
@@ -2533,7 +2669,7 @@
 			 3:00	-	MSK	1997 Mar lastSun  1:00u
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17):
 # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014
-# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
+# https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30):
 # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks
 # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial
@@ -2566,29 +2702,48 @@
 			 3:00	-	+03	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
 			 4:00	-	+04
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
 # Europe/Volgograd covers:
 # 34	RU-VGG	Volgograd Oblast
-# 64	RU-SAR	Saratov Oblast
 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04).
 
 Zone Europe/Volgograd	 2:57:40 -	LMT	1920 Jan  3
-			 3:00	-	TSAT	1925 Apr  6 # Tsaritsyn Time
-			 3:00	-	STAT	1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
-			 4:00	-	STAT	1961 Nov 11
-			 4:00	Russia	VOL%sT	1988 Mar 27  2:00s # Volgograd T
-			 3:00	Russia	VOL%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 4:00	-	VOLT	1992 Mar 29  2:00s
-			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 4:00	-	MSK	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 3:00	-	MSK
+			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			 4:00	-	+04	1961 Nov 11
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1988 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	1992 Mar 29  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
+# Europe/Saratov covers:
+# 64	RU-SAR	Saratov Oblast
+
+# From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11):
+# Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3....  Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4.
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11):
+# ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18.
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22):
+# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031
+
+Zone Europe/Saratov	 3:04:18 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
+			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1988 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	1992 Mar 29  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03	2016 Dec  4  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
 # Europe/Kirov covers:
 # 43	RU-KIR	Kirov Oblast
 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
 #
-Zone Europe/Kirov	 3:18:48 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  2:00
+Zone Europe/Kirov	 3:18:48 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
 			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
 			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
 			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
@@ -2606,16 +2761,16 @@
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
 
-Zone Europe/Samara	 3:20:20 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  2:00
-			 3:00	-	SAMT	1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time
-			 4:00	-	SAMT	1935 Jan 27
-			 4:00	Russia	KUY%sT	1989 Mar 26  2:00s # Kuybyshev
-			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 2:00	Russia	EE%sT	1991 Sep 29  2:00s
-			 3:00	-	SAMT	1991 Oct 20  3:00
-			 4:00	Russia	SAM%sT	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
-			 3:00	Russia	SAM%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 4:00	-	SAMT
+Zone Europe/Samara	 3:20:20 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
+			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			 4:00	-	+04	1935 Jan 27
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 2:00	Russia	+02/+03	1991 Sep 29  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03	1991 Oct 20  3:00
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
 # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers:
@@ -2630,7 +2785,7 @@
 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09):
 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051
 
-Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk	 3:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  2:00
+Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk	 3:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  0:00u
 			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
 			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
 			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
@@ -2662,12 +2817,12 @@
 
 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg	 4:02:33 -	LMT	1916 Jul  3
 			 3:45:05 -	PMT	1919 Jul 15  4:00
-			 4:00	-	SVET	1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
-			 5:00	Russia	SVE%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 4:00	Russia	SVE%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 5:00	Russia	YEK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 6:00	-	YEKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 5:00	-	YEKT
+			 4:00	-	+04	1930 Jun 21
+			 5:00	Russia	+05/+06	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 5:00	Russia	+05/+06	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 6:00	-	+06	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 5:00	-	+05
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
@@ -2677,12 +2832,12 @@
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
 
 Zone Asia/Omsk		 4:53:30 -	LMT	1919 Nov 14
-			 5:00	-	OMST	1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time
-			 6:00	Russia	OMS%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 5:00	Russia	OMS%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 6:00	Russia	OMS%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 7:00	-	OMST	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 6:00	-	OMST
+			 5:00	-	+05	1930 Jun 21
+			 6:00	Russia	+06/+07	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 5:00	Russia	+05/+06	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 6:00	Russia	+06/+07	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 7:00	-	+07	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 6:00	-	+06
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22):
 # Asia/Barnaul covers:
@@ -2697,11 +2852,11 @@
 # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on
 # 1995-05-28.
 #
-# http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html
+# https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html
 # has some historical data for Altai Krai:
-# before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7
-# after 1957: UTC+7
-# since 1995: UTC+6
+# before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7
+# after 1957: UT+7
+# since 1995: UT+6
 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html
 # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date.
 
@@ -2762,7 +2917,7 @@
 # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their
 # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally
 # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced
-# with time zones in 2011 with different numberings (there was a
+# with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a
 # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014).
 
 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12):
@@ -2845,12 +3000,12 @@
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Krasnoyarsk was 6:11:26.
 
 Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk	 6:11:26 -	LMT	1920 Jan  6
-			 6:00	-	KRAT	1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
-			 7:00	Russia	KRA%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 6:00	Russia	KRA%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 7:00	Russia	KRA%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 8:00	-	KRAT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 7:00	-	KRAT
+			 6:00	-	+06	1930 Jun 21
+			 7:00	Russia	+07/+08	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 6:00	Russia	+06/+07	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 7:00	Russia	+07/+08	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 8:00	-	+08	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 7:00	-	+07
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
@@ -2867,12 +3022,12 @@
 
 Zone Asia/Irkutsk	 6:57:05 -	LMT	1880
 			 6:57:05 -	IMT	1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
-			 7:00	-	IRKT	1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
-			 8:00	Russia	IRK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 7:00	Russia	IRK%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 8:00	Russia	IRK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			 9:00	-	IRKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 8:00	-	IRKT
+			 7:00	-	+07	1930 Jun 21
+			 8:00	Russia	+08/+09	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 7:00	Russia	+07/+08	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 8:00	Russia	+08/+09	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 9:00	-	+09	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 8:00	-	+08
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
@@ -2889,13 +3044,13 @@
 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107
 
 Zone Asia/Chita	 7:33:52 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
-			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 8:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			10:00	-	YAKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 8:00	-	IRKT	2016 Mar 27  2:00
-			 9:00	-	YAKT
+			 8:00	-	+08	1930 Jun 21
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 8:00	Russia	+08/+09	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 8:00	-	+08	2016 Mar 27  2:00
+			 9:00	-	+09
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
@@ -2935,12 +3090,12 @@
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Yakutsk was 8:38:58.
 
 Zone Asia/Yakutsk	 8:38:58 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
-			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 8:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			10:00	-	YAKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 9:00	-	YAKT
+			 8:00	-	+08	1930 Jun 21
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 8:00	Russia	+08/+09	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 9:00	-	+09
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
@@ -2958,12 +3113,12 @@
 # Go with Byalokoz.
 
 Zone Asia/Vladivostok	 8:47:31 -	LMT	1922 Nov 15
-			 9:00	-	VLAT	1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
-			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 9:00	Russia	VLA%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			11:00	-	VLAT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			10:00	-	VLAT
+			 9:00	-	+09	1930 Jun 21
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
@@ -2981,14 +3136,14 @@
 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
 
 Zone Asia/Khandyga	 9:02:13 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
-			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			 8:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	2004
-			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			11:00	-	VLAT	2011 Sep 13  0:00s # Decree 725?
-			10:00	-	YAKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			 9:00	-	YAKT
+			 8:00	-	+08	1930 Jun 21
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 8:00	Russia	+08/+09	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	2004
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11	2011 Sep 13  0:00s # Decree 725?
+			10:00	-	+10	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 9:00	-	+09
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
@@ -3004,15 +3159,14 @@
 
 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
 Zone Asia/Sakhalin	 9:30:48 -	LMT	1905 Aug 23
-			 9:00	-	JCST	1937 Oct  1
-			 9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug 25
-			11:00	Russia	SAK%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s # Sakhalin T
-			10:00	Russia	SAK%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	SAK%sT	1997 Mar lastSun  2:00s
-			10:00	Russia	SAK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			11:00	-	SAKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			10:00	-	SAKT	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
-			11:00	-	SAKT
+			 9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug 25
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1991 Mar 31  2:00s # Sakhalin T
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1997 Mar lastSun  2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
@@ -3035,13 +3189,13 @@
 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038
 
 Zone Asia/Magadan	10:03:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			10:00	-	MAGT	1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			10:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			12:00	-	MAGT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			10:00	-	MAGT	2016 Apr 24  2:00s
-			11:00	-	MAGT
+			10:00	-	+10	1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			12:00	-	+12	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10	2016 Apr 24  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
@@ -3072,8 +3226,8 @@
 # districts, but have very similar populations.  In fact, Wikipedia currently
 # lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females
 # each!  (Yikes!)
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493
 # Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one.
 #
 # Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have
@@ -3084,17 +3238,14 @@
 # in Russian.)  In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older
 # settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining.
 # Go with Srednekolymsk.
-#
-# Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT
-# as the abbreviation.  Use SRET instead.
 
 Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk	10:14:52 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			10:00	-	MAGT	1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			10:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			12:00	-	MAGT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			11:00	-	SRET	# Srednekolymsk Time
+			10:00	-	+10	1930 Jun 21
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			12:00	-	+12	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			11:00	-	+11
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
@@ -3112,14 +3263,14 @@
 # UTC+12 since at least then, too.
 
 Zone Asia/Ust-Nera	 9:32:54 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
-			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
-			 9:00	Russia	YAKT	1981 Apr  1
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			10:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			12:00	-	MAGT	2011 Sep 13  0:00s # Decree 725?
-			11:00	-	VLAT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			10:00	-	VLAT
+			 8:00	-	+08	1930 Jun 21
+			 9:00	Russia	+09/+10	1981 Apr  1
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	+10/+11	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			12:00	-	+12	2011 Sep 13  0:00s # Decree 725?
+			11:00	-	+11	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			10:00	-	+10
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
@@ -3132,12 +3283,12 @@
 # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps
 # Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long.
 Zone Asia/Kamchatka	10:34:36 -	LMT	1922 Nov 10
-			11:00	-	PETT	1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time
-			12:00	Russia	PET%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	PET%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			12:00	Russia	PET%sT	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	PET%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			12:00	-	PETT
+			11:00	-	+11	1930 Jun 21
+			12:00	Russia	+12/+13	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			12:00	Russia	+12/+13	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
@@ -3145,13 +3296,13 @@
 # 87	RU-CHU	Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
 
 Zone Asia/Anadyr	11:49:56 -	LMT	1924 May  2
-			12:00	-	ANAT	1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time
-			13:00	Russia	ANA%sT	1982 Apr  1  0:00s
-			12:00	Russia	ANA%sT	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	ANA%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
-			12:00	Russia	ANA%sT	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
-			11:00	Russia	ANA%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
-			12:00	-	ANAT
+			12:00	-	+12	1930 Jun 21
+			13:00	Russia	+13/+14	1982 Apr  1  0:00s
+			12:00	Russia	+12/+13	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			12:00	Russia	+12/+13	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	+11/+12	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			12:00	-	+12
 
 
 # San Marino
@@ -3182,46 +3333,77 @@
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
 
 # Spain
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14):
+#
+# The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is:
+# Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios.
+# Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish).
+# http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf
+# As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure,
+# and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data.
+#
+# In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for
+# the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that
+# the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart,
+# with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to
+# the next day's 00:00.  Our data format cannot represent this
+# directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a
+# fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00.
+
+# From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15):
+# The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at
+# https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf
+# says in its article 5 (my translation):
+# These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the
+# instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1,
+# the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1917	only	-	May	 5	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1917	1919	-	Oct	 6	23:00s	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1918	only	-	Apr	15	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1919	only	-	Apr	 5	23:00s	1:00	S
-# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1924	only	-	Apr	16	23:00s	1:00	S
-# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1924	only	-	Oct	 4	23:00s	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1926	only	-	Apr	17	23:00s	1:00	S
-# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1926	1929	-	Oct	Sat>=1	23:00s	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1927	only	-	Apr	 9	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1928	only	-	Apr	14	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1929	only	-	Apr	20	23:00s	1:00	S
-# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13;
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1937	only	-	May	22	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1937	1939	-	Oct	Sat>=1	23:00s	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1938	only	-	Mar	22	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1939	only	-	Apr	15	23:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1940	only	-	Mar	16	23:00s	1:00	S
-# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Spain	1942	only	-	May	 2	22:00s	2:00	M # Midsummer
-Rule	Spain	1942	only	-	Sep	 1	22:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1943	1946	-	Apr	Sat>=13	22:00s	2:00	M
-Rule	Spain	1943	only	-	Oct	 3	22:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1944	only	-	Oct	10	22:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1945	only	-	Sep	30	 1:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1946	only	-	Sep	30	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1918	only	-	Apr	15	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1918	1919	-	Oct	 6	24:00s	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1919	only	-	Apr	 6	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1924	only	-	Apr	16	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1924	only	-	Oct	 4	24:00s	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1926	only	-	Apr	17	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1926	1929	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00s	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1927	only	-	Apr	 9	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1928	only	-	Apr	15	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1929	only	-	Apr	20	23:00	1:00	S
+# Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28.
+Rule	Spain	1937	only	-	Jun	16	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1937	only	-	Oct	 2	24:00s	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1938	only	-	Apr	 2	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1938	only	-	Apr	30	23:00	2:00	M
+Rule	Spain	1938	only	-	Oct	 2	24:00	1:00	S
+# The following rules are for unified Spain again.
+#
+# Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on
+# 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on
+# 1939-04-15.  For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not
+# change during that period.
+#
+# The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain.
+#Rule	Spain	1939	only	-	Apr	15	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1939	only	-	Oct	 7	24:00s	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1942	only	-	May	 2	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1942	only	-	Sep	 1	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1943	1946	-	Apr	Sat>=13	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1943	1944	-	Oct	Sun>=1	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Spain	1949	only	-	Apr	30	23:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1949	only	-	Sep	30	 1:00	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1974	1975	-	Apr	Sat>=13	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1949	only	-	Oct	 2	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1974	1975	-	Apr	Sat>=12	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Spain	1974	1975	-	Oct	Sun>=1	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Spain	1976	only	-	Mar	27	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Spain	1976	1977	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00	0	-
-Rule	Spain	1977	1978	-	Apr	 2	23:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Spain	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Spain	1977	only	-	Apr	 2	23:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1978	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Spain	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 2:00s	0	-
+# Nationalist Spain during the civil war
+#Rule NatSpain	1937	only	-	May	22	23:00	1:00	S
+#Rule NatSpain	1937	1938	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00s	0	-
+#Rule NatSpain	1938	only	-	Mar	26	23:00	1:00	S
 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978.
 Rule SpainAfrica 1967	only	-	Jun	 3	12:00	1:00	S
 Rule SpainAfrica 1967	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
@@ -3233,11 +3415,11 @@
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1  0:00s
-			 0:00	Spain	WE%sT	1946 Sep 30
+Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1900 Dec 31 23:45:16
+			 0:00	Spain	WE%sT	1940 Mar 16 23:00
 			 1:00	Spain	CE%sT	1979
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT
-Zone	Africa/Ceuta	-0:21:16 -	LMT	1901
+Zone	Africa/Ceuta	-0:21:16 -	LMT	1900 Dec 31 23:38:44
 			 0:00	-	WET	1918 May  6 23:00
 			 0:00	1:00	WEST	1918 Oct  7 23:00
 			 0:00	-	WET	1924
@@ -3246,7 +3428,7 @@
 			 1:00	-	CET	1986
 			 1:00	EU	CE%sT
 Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
-			-1:00	-	CANT	1946 Sep 30  1:00 # Canaries T
+			-1:00	-	-01	1946 Sep 30  1:00
 			 0:00	-	WET	1980 Apr  6  0:00s
 			 0:00	1:00	WEST	1980 Sep 28  1:00u
 			 0:00	EU	WE%sT
@@ -3263,7 +3445,7 @@
 # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
 # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm".  The law is dated 1878-05-31.
 #
-# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30"
+# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30"
 # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time.  Less 12 minutes gives the
 # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
 #
@@ -3366,8 +3548,8 @@
 #
 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11):
 # The Federal regulations say
-# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html
-# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50".
+# https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html
+# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50".
 # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s.
 
 # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11):
@@ -3410,22 +3592,24 @@
 
 # Turkey
 
-# From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03):
-# The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now.
-# ... The latest rules are available at:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107
-# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03):
-# I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that
-# DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time.  I am not sure
-# what happened before that.  One example for each year from 1996 to 2001:
-# http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm
-# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT
-# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM
-# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016
-# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021
-# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027
-# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03):
-# Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990.
+# From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25):
+# 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with
+#    no exceptions.
+# 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ...
+# Here are official papers:
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf  - page 2 for 1986
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf  - page 4 for 1987
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf  - page 15 for 1988
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf  - page 6 for 1989
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf  - page 1 for 1990 - 1992
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf  - page 15 for 1993 - 1995
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf  - page 1 for overriding 1994
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf  - page 1 for 1996, 1997
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf  - page 10 for 1998 - 2000
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2  - for 2001
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2  - for 2002-2006
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25):
+# Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985.
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09):
 # Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC
@@ -3441,9 +3625,9 @@
 # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer
 # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27.
 # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th.
-# http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872
+# https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872
 # Turkish:
-# http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373
+# https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464
 
 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14):
 # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the
@@ -3472,6 +3656,25 @@
 # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @aysekarahasan.
 # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326
 
+# From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08):
+# Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter....
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07):
+# The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey.
+# It takes effect today, which is not much notice.
+
+# From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28):
+# Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10.
+# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf
+#
+# From Even Scharning (2017-11-08):
+# ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous":
+# http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08):
+# Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like
+# Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Turkey	1916	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
@@ -3526,16 +3729,16 @@
 Rule	Turkey	1983	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Turkey	1985	only	-	Apr	20	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1985	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Turkey	1986	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Turkey	1986	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Turkey	1991	2006	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Turkey	1991	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
+Rule	Turkey	1986	1993	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Turkey	1986	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
+Rule	Turkey	1994	only	-	Mar	20	1:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Turkey	1995	2006	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1996	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Istanbul	1:55:52 -	LMT	1880
 			1:56:56	-	IMT	1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time?
 			2:00	Turkey	EE%sT	1978 Oct 15
-			3:00	Turkey	TR%sT	1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time
+			3:00	Turkey	+03/+04	1985 Apr 20
 			2:00	Turkey	EE%sT	2007
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2011 Mar 27  1:00u
 			2:00	-	EET	2011 Mar 28  1:00u
@@ -3543,7 +3746,8 @@
 			2:00	-	EET	2014 Mar 31  1:00u
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2015 Oct 25  1:00u
 			2:00	1:00	EEST	2015 Nov  8  1:00u
-			2:00	EU	EE%sT
+			2:00	EU	EE%sT	2016 Sep  7
+			3:00	-	+03
 Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 
 # Ukraine
@@ -3570,7 +3774,7 @@
 # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html
 #
 # Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian)
-# http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/
+# https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/
 #
 # From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18):
 # Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the
@@ -3648,7 +3852,7 @@
 # spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in
 # portable Posix file names.
 Zone Europe/Zaporozhye	2:20:40 -	LMT	1880
-			2:20	-	CUT	1924 May  2 # Central Ukraine T
+			2:20	-	+0220	1924 May  2
 			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
 			3:00	-	MSK	1941 Aug 25
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1943 Oct 25

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/factory
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/factory	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/factory	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
 
-# For companies who don't want to put time zone specification in
-# their installation procedures.  When users run date, they'll get the message.
-# Also useful for the "comp.sources" version.
+# For distributors who don't want to put time zone specification in
+# their installation procedures.  Users that run 'date' will get the
+# time zone abbreviation "-00", indicating that the actual time zone
+# is unknown.
 
 # Zone	NAME	GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT
-Zone	Factory	0	- "Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page"
+Zone	Factory	0	- "Local time zone must be set--use tzsetup"

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/iso3166.tab
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/iso3166.tab	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/iso3166.tab	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 BM	Bermuda
 BN	Brunei
 BO	Bolivia
-BQ	Caribbean NL
+BQ	Caribbean Netherlands
 BR	Brazil
 BS	Bahamas
 BT	Bhutan
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 MC	Monaco
 MD	Moldova
 ME	Montenegro
-MF	St Martin (French)
+MF	St Martin (French part)
 MG	Madagascar
 MH	Marshall Islands
 MK	Macedonia
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
 SS	South Sudan
 ST	Sao Tome & Principe
 SV	El Salvador
-SX	St Maarten (Dutch)
+SX	St Maarten (Dutch part)
 SY	Syria
 SZ	Swaziland
 TC	Turks & Caicos Is

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/leap-seconds.list
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/leap-seconds.list	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/leap-seconds.list	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -61,7 +61,12 @@
 #	or
 #		Terry Quinn, "The BIPM and the Accurate Measurement
 #		of Time," Proc. of the IEEE, Vol. 79, pp. 894-905,
-#		July, 1991.
+#		July, 1991. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.84965>
+#		reprinted in: 
+#		   Christine Hackman and Donald B Sullivan (eds.)
+#		   Time and Frequency Measurement
+#		   American Association of Physics Teachers (1996)
+#		   <http://tf.nist.gov/general/pdf/1168.pdf>, pp. 75-86
 #
 #	4. The decision to insert a leap second into UTC is currently
 #	the responsibility of the International Earth Rotation and
@@ -143,7 +148,7 @@
 #		Boulder, Colorado
 #		Judah.Levine at nist.gov
 #
-#	Last Update of leap second values:   5 January 2015
+#	Last Update of leap second values:   8 July 2016
 #
 #	The following line shows this last update date in NTP timestamp
 #	format. This is the date on which the most recent change to
@@ -151,7 +156,7 @@
 #	be identified by the unique pair of characters in the first two
 #	columns as shown below.
 #
-#$	 3629404800
+#$	 3676924800
 #
 #	The NTP timestamps are in units of seconds since the NTP epoch,
 #	which is 1 January 1900, 00:00:00. The Modified Julian Day number
@@ -199,10 +204,10 @@
 #	current -- the update time stamp, the data and the name of the file
 #	will not change.
 #
-#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C51
-#	File expires on:  28 December 2016
+#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C55
+#	File expires on:  28 December 2018
 #
-#@	3691872000
+#@	3754944000
 #
 2272060800	10	# 1 Jan 1972
 2287785600	11	# 1 Jul 1972
@@ -231,6 +236,7 @@
 3439756800	34	# 1 Jan 2009
 3550089600	35	# 1 Jul 2012
 3644697600	36	# 1 Jul 2015
+3692217600	37	# 1 Jan 2017
 #
 #	the following special comment contains the
 #	hash value of the data in this file computed
@@ -246,4 +252,4 @@
 #	the hash line is also ignored in the
 #	computation.
 #
-#h	afc03691 8ff53838 42080ba1 cdd22f1 48192c10
+#h	44dcf58c e28d25aa b36612c8 f3d3e8b5 a8fdf478

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -3,19 +3,18 @@
 # This file is in the public domain.
 
 # This file is generated automatically from the data in the public-domain
-# leap-seconds.list file available from most NIST time servers.
-# If the URL <ftp://time.nist.gov/pub/leap-seconds.list> does not work,
-# you should be able to pick up leap-seconds.list from a secondary NIST server.
-# See <http://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi> for a list of secondary servers.
+# leap-seconds.list file, which is copied from:
+# ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list
 # For more about leap-seconds.list, please see
 # The NTP Timescale and Leap Seconds
-# http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html
+# https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html
 
 # The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
 # periodically uses leap seconds to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1
 # (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see
-# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,
-# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.84965>.
+# Levine J. Coordinated Universal Time and the leap second.
+# URSI Radio Sci Bull. 2016;89(4):30-6. doi:10.23919/URSIRSB.2016.7909995
+# http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7909995/
 # There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism
 # accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation
 # did not exist until the early 1970s.
@@ -56,6 +55,7 @@
 Leap	2008	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
 Leap	2012	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
 Leap	2015	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
+Leap	2016	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
 
-#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C51
-#	File expires on:  28 December 2016
+#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C55
+#	File expires on:  28 December 2018

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds.awk
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds.awk	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/leapseconds.awk	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -8,19 +8,18 @@
   print "# This file is in the public domain."
   print ""
   print "# This file is generated automatically from the data in the public-domain"
-  print "# leap-seconds.list file available from most NIST time servers."
-  print "# If the URL <ftp://time.nist.gov/pub/leap-seconds.list> does not work,"
-  print "# you should be able to pick up leap-seconds.list from a secondary NIST server."
-  print "# See <http://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi> for a list of secondary servers."
+  print "# leap-seconds.list file, which is copied from:"
+  print "# ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list"
   print "# For more about leap-seconds.list, please see"
   print "# The NTP Timescale and Leap Seconds"
-  print "# http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html"
+  print "# https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html"
   print ""
   print "# The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service"
   print "# periodically uses leap seconds to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1"
   print "# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see"
-  print "# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,"
-  print "# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.84965>."
+  print "# Levine J. Coordinated Universal Time and the leap second."
+  print "# URSI Radio Sci Bull. 2016;89(4):30-6. doi:10.23919/URSIRSB.2016.7909995"
+  print "# http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7909995/"
   print "# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism"
   print "# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation"
   print "# did not exist until the early 1970s."

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/northamerica
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/northamerica	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/northamerica	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -24,9 +24,32 @@
 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
 # in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
-# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
-# and the most of the country soon followed suit.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
+# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
+# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones
+# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
+# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
+# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
+# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
+# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
+# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
+# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
+# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
+# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18.  That Sunday
+# was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
+# twice.  Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
+#
+#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
+#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
+#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
+#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
+#   abandoned, probably forever.
+#
+# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
+# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
+# http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
@@ -81,10 +104,13 @@
 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
 # An AltaVista search turned up:
-# http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
+# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
 
 # From Joseph Gallant citing
 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
@@ -154,22 +180,6 @@
 Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
 Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
 
-# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
-# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
-#    old			 new
-#    Pacific Standard Time(PST)  -same-
-#    Yukon Standard Time(YST)    -same-
-#    Central Alaska S.T. (CAT)   Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
-#    Nome Standard Time (NT)     Bering Standard Time (BST)
-#
-# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
-#    The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
-#    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.
-
-# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
-# I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
-
 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
 # USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
 # USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
@@ -226,6 +236,21 @@
 #	Samoa standard time
 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
+# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
+# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
+# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
+# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
+# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
+# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
+# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
+# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
+#	1918 names			1967 names
+#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)
+#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)
+#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
+#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)
+#
 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
@@ -234,7 +259,7 @@
 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
 # standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
-# http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
+# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
 
 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
@@ -281,6 +306,15 @@
 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
 # in Columbus."
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
+# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
+# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
+# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
+# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
+# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which
+# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.
+# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
@@ -313,8 +347,20 @@
 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
+# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
+# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
+# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
+# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got
+# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
+# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
+# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to
+# clear up.  See:
+# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
+# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
+
 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
-# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
+# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
@@ -323,7 +369,7 @@
 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
-# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
+# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
 
 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
@@ -370,7 +416,7 @@
 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
-# http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
+# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
 
 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
@@ -377,8 +423,7 @@
 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
 # largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
-# at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
-# of 6h47'07".
+# at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
 
 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
 			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
@@ -411,13 +456,44 @@
 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
-# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
+# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
 # Malheur county), and Washington
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
+# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
+# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
+# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
+# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
+# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
+# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
+# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
 #
+# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
+# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
+# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
+# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
+#
+# In response:
+#
+#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
+#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
+#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
+#     -- Ross, p 25
+#
+# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
+# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
+#
+# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
+# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
+# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
+# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
+# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
+# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
-Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
 Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
-Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
 Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -427,22 +503,33 @@
 			-8:00	US	P%sT
 
 # Alaska
-# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
+# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
-# This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
-# also a Friday.  Include only the time zone part of this transition,
-# ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
-# the Julian calendar.
+# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
+# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
+# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
+# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
+# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
+# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
+# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
+# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
+# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
+# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
 #
-# As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
+# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
-# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
-# was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  However, there
-# were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
-# it's best to simply use the official transition.
+# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
+# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants
+# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
+# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
+# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
+# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
+# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
+# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
+# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
@@ -495,10 +582,10 @@
 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
-# http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
+# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
 			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
@@ -508,7 +595,7 @@
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30
 			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
@@ -516,7 +603,7 @@
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
 			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
@@ -524,7 +611,7 @@
 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
 			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
 			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
@@ -531,17 +618,15 @@
 			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
 			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
-			-10:00	-	CAT	1942
-			-10:00	US	CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
-			-10:00	US	CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
-			-10:00	-	CAT	1967 Apr
+			-10:00	-	AST	1942
+			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr
 			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
 			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Nome	 12:58:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
 			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
@@ -550,7 +635,7 @@
 			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
-Zone America/Adak	 12:13:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
+Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
 			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
@@ -586,7 +671,7 @@
 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
 # the article is available at
-# http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
+# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
@@ -625,7 +710,6 @@
 			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
 			-10:30	-	HST	1947 Jun  8  2:00
 			-10:00	-	HST
-Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
 
 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
 
@@ -686,7 +770,7 @@
 # Indiana
 #
 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
-# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
@@ -870,6 +954,13 @@
 			-5:00	-	EST	2006
 			-5:00	US	E%sT
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
+# The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
+# 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
+# for precisely 18 minutes.  See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50).  It is not
+# clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
+# to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
+#
 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
@@ -913,7 +1004,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
 # The final rule was published in the
 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
-# http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
+# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
 #
 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
@@ -939,7 +1030,7 @@
 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
 # 1999-10-31.  See the
 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
-# http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
+# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
@@ -969,12 +1060,23 @@
 # one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
 # info, so omit this for now.
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
+# Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
+# until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
+# For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
+# Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
+# the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
+# Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m.  Detroit did not observe daylight saving
+# time, so light was already starting to fail.  Twilight was made even deeper
+# by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
+# ballpark."  See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
+# at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
+# https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
+#
 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
 Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Jun	14	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
 			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
@@ -1013,7 +1115,7 @@
 ################################################################################
 
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -1020,8 +1122,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -1038,7 +1140,7 @@
 #	[PDF] (1914-03)
 #
 #	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
-#	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
 #
 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
 
@@ -1084,19 +1186,19 @@
 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
-# http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
+# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
 # ...
 # Nova Scotia
 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
-# http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
+# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
 #
 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
-# http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
+# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
 # ...
 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
-# http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
+# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
 # ...
 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
@@ -1110,7 +1212,7 @@
 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
 # ...
 # Yukon
-# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
+# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
 # ...
 # N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
@@ -1131,8 +1233,8 @@
 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
 #
 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
-# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
-# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
+# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
+# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
@@ -1169,11 +1271,13 @@
 
 # Newfoundland and Labrador
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
-# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
-# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
-# but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
+# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
+# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
+# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
+# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
+# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
@@ -1373,7 +1477,7 @@
 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
-# http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
+# https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
@@ -1405,6 +1509,11 @@
 # earlier in June).
 #
 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
+# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
+# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
+# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
 
 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
@@ -1804,7 +1913,7 @@
 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
-# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
+# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
 
 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
@@ -1896,7 +2005,7 @@
 #	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
 #	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
 #	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
-#	[http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
+#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
 #	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
 #	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
 #	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
@@ -1961,7 +2070,7 @@
 #     hours behind Greenwich Time.
 #
 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
-#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
+#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
 #   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
 #
 #     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
@@ -1976,7 +2085,7 @@
 #   http://? - no online source found
 #
 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
-#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
+#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
 #   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
 #
 #   In every year between
@@ -1988,7 +2097,7 @@
 #   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
 #
 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
-#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
+#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
 #   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
 #
 #     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
@@ -2002,7 +2111,7 @@
 #     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
 #
 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
-# http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
+# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
 
 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
@@ -2045,7 +2154,7 @@
 
 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
-# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
+# http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
 # for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
@@ -2063,7 +2172,7 @@
 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
 # required to use daylight savings.
 
-# From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
+# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
@@ -2394,7 +2503,7 @@
 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
 #
 # Our page:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
 # The page
@@ -2679,15 +2788,15 @@
 # Belize
 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	HD
-Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	-0530
+Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	CST
+Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT
+Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST
+Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT
+Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
-			-6:00	Belize	C%sT
+			-6:00	Belize	%s
 
 # Bermuda
 
@@ -2813,7 +2922,7 @@
 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
 #
 # Some more background information is posted here:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
 #
 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
@@ -2860,7 +2969,7 @@
 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
 #
 # Our info:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
 #
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
@@ -2870,7 +2979,7 @@
 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
 #
 # Our page:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
 #
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
@@ -2880,7 +2989,7 @@
 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
 #
 # Our info on it:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
@@ -2959,16 +3068,16 @@
 
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	D
-Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	S
-Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	HD
-Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	S
-Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	S
-Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	S
+Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT
+Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST
+Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430
+Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST
+Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST
+Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
-			-5:00	DR	E%sT	1974 Oct 27
+			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27
 			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
 			-4:00	-	AST
@@ -3075,10 +3184,16 @@
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
 # are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
-# http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
-# http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
+# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
+# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
 
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
+# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
+# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
+# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
+# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
@@ -3091,6 +3206,8 @@
 Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
 Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
@@ -3152,8 +3269,8 @@
 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:11 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
-			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
+Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
+			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST	1974
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
 			-5:00	-	EST
@@ -3258,8 +3375,8 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre
 			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
-			-3:00	-	PMST	1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
-			-3:00	Canada	PM%sT
+			-3:00	-	-03	1987
+			-3:00	Canada	-03/-02
 
 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
@@ -3267,7 +3384,7 @@
 # Turks and Caicos
 #
 # From Chris Dunn in
-# http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
+# https://bugs.debian.org/415007
 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
@@ -3281,7 +3398,7 @@
 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
-# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UTC-4 year-round.  See:
+# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
@@ -3289,12 +3406,25 @@
 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
 #
+# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
+# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
+# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
+# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
+# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
+# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
+# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back
+# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
+# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
+#
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
-			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST	1979
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
-			-4:00	-	AST
+			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11 3:00
+			-5:00	US	E%sT
 
 # British Virgin Is
 # Virgin Is

Deleted: vendor/tzdata/dist/solar87
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/solar87	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/solar87	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,390 +0,0 @@
-# <pre>
-# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-
-# So much for footnotes about Saudi Arabia.
-# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; your mileage will vary.
-# Times were computed using formulas in the U.S. Naval Observatory's
-# Almanac for Computers 1987; the formulas "will give EqT to an accuracy of
-# [plus or minus two] seconds during the current year."
-#
-# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
-# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
-# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
-
-# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	1	12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	2	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	3	12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	4	12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	5	12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	6	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	7	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	8	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	9	12:06:55s -0:06:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	10	12:07:20s -0:07:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	11	12:07:45s -0:07:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	12	12:08:10s -0:08:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	13	12:08:30s -0:08:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	14	12:08:55s -0:08:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	15	12:09:15s -0:09:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	16	12:09:35s -0:09:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	17	12:09:55s -0:09:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	18	12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	19	12:10:35s -0:10:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	20	12:10:55s -0:10:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	21	12:11:10s -0:11:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	22	12:11:30s -0:11:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	23	12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	24	12:12:00s -0:12:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	25	12:12:15s -0:12:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	26	12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	27	12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	28	12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	29	12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	30	12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jan	31	12:13:25s -0:13:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	1	12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	2	12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	3	12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	4	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	5	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	6	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	7	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	8	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	9	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	10	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	11	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	12	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	13	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	14	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	15	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	16	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	17	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	18	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	19	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	20	12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	21	12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	22	12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	23	12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	24	12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	25	12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	26	12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	27	12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Feb	28	12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	1	12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	2	12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	3	12:12:05s -0:12:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	4	12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	5	12:11:40s -0:11:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	6	12:11:25s -0:11:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	7	12:11:15s -0:11:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	8	12:11:00s -0:11:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	9	12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	10	12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	11	12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	12	12:09:55s -0:09:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	13	12:09:40s -0:09:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	14	12:09:25s -0:09:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	15	12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	16	12:08:50s -0:08:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	17	12:08:35s -0:08:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	18	12:08:15s -0:08:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	19	12:08:00s -0:08:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	20	12:07:40s -0:07:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	21	12:07:25s -0:07:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	22	12:07:05s -0:07:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	23	12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	24	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	25	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	26	12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	27	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	28	12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	29	12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	30	12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Mar	31	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	1	12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	2	12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	3	12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	4	12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	5	12:02:55s -0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	6	12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	7	12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	8	12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	9	12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	10	12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	11	12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	12	12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	13	12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	14	12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	15	12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	16	11:59:55s 0:00:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	17	11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	18	11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	19	11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	20	11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	21	11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	22	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	23	11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	24	11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	25	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	26	11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	27	11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	28	11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	29	11:57:25s 0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Apr	30	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	1	11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	2	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	3	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	4	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	5	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	6	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	7	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	8	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	9	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	10	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	11	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	12	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	13	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	14	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	15	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	16	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	17	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	18	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	19	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	20	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	21	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	22	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	23	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	24	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	25	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	26	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	27	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	28	11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	29	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	30	11:57:25s 0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	May	31	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	1	11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	2	11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	3	11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	4	11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	5	11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	6	11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	7	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	8	11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	9	11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	10	11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	11	11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	12	11:59:40s 0:00:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	13	11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	14	12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	15	12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	16	12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	17	12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	18	12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	19	12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	20	12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	21	12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	22	12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	23	12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	24	12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	25	12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	26	12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	27	12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	28	12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	29	12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jun	30	12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	1	12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	2	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	3	12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	4	12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	5	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	6	12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	7	12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	8	12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	9	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	10	12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	11	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	12	12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	13	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	14	12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	15	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	16	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	17	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	18	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	19	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	20	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	21	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	22	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	23	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	24	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	25	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	26	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	27	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	28	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	29	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	30	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Jul	31	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	1	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	2	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	3	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	4	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	5	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	6	12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	7	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	8	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	9	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	10	12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	11	12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	12	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	13	12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	14	12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	15	12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	16	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	17	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	18	12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	19	12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	20	12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	21	12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	22	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	23	12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	24	12:02:30s -0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	25	12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	26	12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	27	12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	28	12:01:25s -0:01:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	29	12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	30	12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Aug	31	12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	1	12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	2	11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	3	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	4	11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	5	11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	6	11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	7	11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	8	11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	9	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	10	11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	11	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	12	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	13	11:56:10s 0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	14	11:55:45s 0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	15	11:55:25s 0:04:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	16	11:55:05s 0:04:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	17	11:54:45s 0:05:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	18	11:54:20s 0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	19	11:54:00s 0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	20	11:53:40s 0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	21	11:53:15s 0:06:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	22	11:52:55s 0:07:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	23	11:52:35s 0:07:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	24	11:52:15s 0:07:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	25	11:51:55s 0:08:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	26	11:51:35s 0:08:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	27	11:51:10s 0:08:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	28	11:50:50s 0:09:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	29	11:50:30s 0:09:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Sep	30	11:50:10s 0:09:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	1	11:49:50s 0:10:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	2	11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	3	11:49:15s 0:10:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	4	11:48:55s 0:11:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	5	11:48:35s 0:11:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	6	11:48:20s 0:11:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	7	11:48:00s 0:12:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	8	11:47:45s 0:12:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	9	11:47:25s 0:12:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	10	11:47:10s 0:12:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	11	11:46:55s 0:13:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	12	11:46:40s 0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	13	11:46:25s 0:13:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	14	11:46:10s 0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	15	11:45:55s 0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	16	11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	17	11:45:30s 0:14:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	18	11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	19	11:45:05s 0:14:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	20	11:44:55s 0:15:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	21	11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	22	11:44:35s 0:15:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	23	11:44:25s 0:15:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	24	11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	25	11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	26	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	27	11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	28	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	29	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	30	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Oct	31	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	1	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	2	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	3	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	4	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	5	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	6	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	7	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	8	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	9	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	10	11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	11	11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	12	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	13	11:44:15s 0:15:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	14	11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	15	11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	16	11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	17	11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	18	11:45:05s 0:14:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	19	11:45:15s 0:14:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	20	11:45:30s 0:14:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	21	11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	22	11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	23	11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	24	11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	25	11:46:50s 0:13:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	26	11:47:10s 0:12:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	27	11:47:25s 0:12:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	28	11:47:45s 0:12:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	29	11:48:05s 0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Nov	30	11:48:30s 0:11:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	1	11:48:50s 0:11:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	2	11:49:10s 0:10:50 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	3	11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	4	11:50:00s 0:10:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	5	11:50:25s 0:09:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	6	11:50:50s 0:09:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	7	11:51:15s 0:08:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	8	11:51:40s 0:08:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	9	11:52:05s 0:07:55 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	10	11:52:30s 0:07:30 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	11	11:53:00s 0:07:00 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	12	11:53:25s 0:06:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	13	11:53:55s 0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	14	11:54:25s 0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	15	11:54:50s 0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	16	11:55:20s 0:04:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	17	11:55:50s 0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	18	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	19	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	20	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	21	11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	22	11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	23	11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	24	11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	25	11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	26	12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	27	12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	28	12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	29	12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	30	12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol87	1987	only	-	Dec	31	12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
-
-# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East:  3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
-# Before and after 1987, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Riyadh87	3:07:04	-		zzz	1987
-			3:07:04	sol87		zzz	1988
-			3:07:04	-		zzz
-# For backward compatibility...
-Link	Asia/Riyadh87	Mideast/Riyadh87

Deleted: vendor/tzdata/dist/solar88
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/solar88	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/solar88	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,390 +0,0 @@
-# <pre>
-# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-
-# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
-# Times were computed using formulas in the U.S. Naval Observatory's
-# Almanac for Computers 1988; the formulas "will give EqT to an accuracy of
-# [plus or minus two] seconds during the current year."
-#
-# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
-# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
-# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
-
-# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	1	12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	2	12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	3	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	4	12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	5	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	6	12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	7	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	8	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	9	12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	10	12:07:15s -0:07:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	11	12:07:40s -0:07:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	12	12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	13	12:08:25s -0:08:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	14	12:08:50s -0:08:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	15	12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	16	12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	17	12:09:50s -0:09:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	18	12:10:10s -0:10:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	19	12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	20	12:10:50s -0:10:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	21	12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	22	12:11:25s -0:11:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	23	12:11:40s -0:11:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	24	12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	25	12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	26	12:12:25s -0:12:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	27	12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	28	12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	29	12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	30	12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jan	31	12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	1	12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	2	12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	3	12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	4	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	5	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	6	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	7	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	8	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	9	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	10	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	11	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	12	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	13	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	14	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	15	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	16	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	17	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	18	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	19	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	20	12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	21	12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	22	12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	23	12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	24	12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	25	12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	26	12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	27	12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	28	12:12:45s -0:12:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Feb	29	12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	1	12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	2	12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	3	12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	4	12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	5	12:11:30s -0:11:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	6	12:11:15s -0:11:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	7	12:11:00s -0:11:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	8	12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	9	12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	10	12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	11	12:10:00s -0:10:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	12	12:09:45s -0:09:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	13	12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	14	12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	15	12:08:55s -0:08:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	16	12:08:40s -0:08:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	17	12:08:20s -0:08:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	18	12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	19	12:07:45s -0:07:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	20	12:07:30s -0:07:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	21	12:07:10s -0:07:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	22	12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	23	12:06:35s -0:06:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	24	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	25	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	26	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	27	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	28	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	29	12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	30	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Mar	31	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	1	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	2	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	3	12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	4	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	5	12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	6	12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	7	12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	8	12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	9	12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	10	12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	11	12:01:00s -0:01:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	12	12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	13	12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	14	12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	15	12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	16	11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	17	11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	18	11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	19	11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	20	11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	21	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	22	11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	23	11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	24	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	25	11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	26	11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	27	11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	28	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	29	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Apr	30	11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	1	11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	2	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	3	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	4	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	5	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	6	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	7	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	8	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	9	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	10	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	11	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	12	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	13	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	14	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	15	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	16	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	17	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	18	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	19	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	20	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	21	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	22	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	23	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	24	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	25	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	26	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	27	11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	28	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	29	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	30	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	May	31	11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	1	11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	2	11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	3	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	4	11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	5	11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	6	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	7	11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	8	11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	9	11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	10	11:59:25s 0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	11	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	12	11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	13	12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	14	12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	15	12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	16	12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	17	12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	18	12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	19	12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	20	12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	21	12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	22	12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	23	12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	24	12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	25	12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	26	12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	27	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	28	12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	29	12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jun	30	12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	1	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	2	12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	3	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	4	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	5	12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	6	12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	7	12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	8	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	9	12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	10	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	11	12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	12	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	13	12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	14	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	15	12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	16	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	17	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	18	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	19	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	20	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	21	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	22	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	23	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	24	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	25	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	26	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	27	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	28	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	29	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	30	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Jul	31	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	1	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	2	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	3	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	4	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	5	12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	6	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	7	12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	8	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	9	12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	10	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	11	12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	12	12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	13	12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	14	12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	15	12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	16	12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	17	12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	18	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	19	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	20	12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	21	12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	22	12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	23	12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	24	12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	25	12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	26	12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	27	12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	28	12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	29	12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	30	12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Aug	31	12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	1	11:59:55s 0:00:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	2	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	3	11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	4	11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	5	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	6	11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	7	11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	8	11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	9	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	10	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	11	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	12	11:56:15s 0:03:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	13	11:55:50s 0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	14	11:55:30s 0:04:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	15	11:55:10s 0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	16	11:54:50s 0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	17	11:54:25s 0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	18	11:54:05s 0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	19	11:53:45s 0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	20	11:53:25s 0:06:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	21	11:53:00s 0:07:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	22	11:52:40s 0:07:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	23	11:52:20s 0:07:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	24	11:52:00s 0:08:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	25	11:51:40s 0:08:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	26	11:51:15s 0:08:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	27	11:50:55s 0:09:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	28	11:50:35s 0:09:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	29	11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Sep	30	11:49:55s 0:10:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	1	11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	2	11:49:20s 0:10:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	3	11:49:00s 0:11:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	4	11:48:40s 0:11:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	5	11:48:25s 0:11:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	6	11:48:05s 0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	7	11:47:50s 0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	8	11:47:30s 0:12:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	9	11:47:15s 0:12:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	10	11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	11	11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	12	11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	13	11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	14	11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	15	11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	16	11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	17	11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	18	11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	19	11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	20	11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	21	11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	22	11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	23	11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	24	11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	25	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	26	11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	27	11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	28	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	29	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	30	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Oct	31	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	1	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	2	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	3	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	4	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	5	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	6	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	7	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	8	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	9	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	10	11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	11	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	12	11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	13	11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	14	11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	15	11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	16	11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	17	11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	18	11:45:15s 0:14:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	19	11:45:25s 0:14:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	20	11:45:40s 0:14:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	21	11:45:55s 0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	22	11:46:10s 0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	23	11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	24	11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	25	11:47:05s 0:12:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	26	11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	27	11:47:40s 0:12:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	28	11:48:00s 0:12:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	29	11:48:25s 0:11:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Nov	30	11:48:45s 0:11:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	1	11:49:05s 0:10:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	2	11:49:30s 0:10:30 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	3	11:49:55s 0:10:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	4	11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	5	11:50:40s 0:09:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	6	11:51:05s 0:08:55 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	7	11:51:35s 0:08:25 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	8	11:52:00s 0:08:00 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	9	11:52:25s 0:07:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	10	11:52:55s 0:07:05 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	11	11:53:20s 0:06:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	12	11:53:50s 0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	13	11:54:15s 0:05:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	14	11:54:45s 0:05:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	15	11:55:15s 0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	16	11:55:45s 0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	17	11:56:15s 0:03:45 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	18	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	19	11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	20	11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	21	11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	22	11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	23	11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	24	11:59:40s 0:00:20 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	25	12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	26	12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	27	12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	28	12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	29	12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	30	12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol88	1988	only	-	Dec	31	12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
-
-# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East:  3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
-# Before and after 1988, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Riyadh88	3:07:04	-		zzz	1988
-			3:07:04	sol88		zzz	1989
-			3:07:04	-		zzz
-# For backward compatibility...
-Link	Asia/Riyadh88	Mideast/Riyadh88

Deleted: vendor/tzdata/dist/solar89
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/solar89	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/solar89	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -1,395 +0,0 @@
-# <pre>
-# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
-# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
-
-# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
-# Times were computed using a formula provided by the U. S. Naval Observatory:
-#	eqt = -105.8 * sin(l) + 596.2 * sin(2 * l) + 4.4 * sin(3 * l)
-#		-12.7 * sin(4 * l) - 429.0 * cos(l) - 2.1 * cos (2 * l)
-#		+ 19.3 * cos(3 * l);
-# where l is the "mean longitude of the Sun" given by
-#	l = 279.642 degrees + 0.985647 * d
-# and d is the interval in days from January 0, 0 hours Universal Time
-# (equaling the day of the year plus the fraction of a day from zero hours).
-# The accuracy of the formula is plus or minus three seconds.
-#
-# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
-# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
-# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
-
-# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	1	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	2	12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	3	12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	4	12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	5	12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	6	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	7	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	8	12:06:45s -0:06:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	9	12:07:10s -0:07:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	10	12:07:35s -0:07:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	11	12:07:55s -0:07:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	12	12:08:20s -0:08:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	13	12:08:45s -0:08:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	14	12:09:05s -0:09:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	15	12:09:25s -0:09:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	16	12:09:45s -0:09:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	17	12:10:05s -0:10:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	18	12:10:25s -0:10:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	19	12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	20	12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	21	12:11:20s -0:11:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	22	12:11:35s -0:11:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	23	12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	24	12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	25	12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	26	12:12:35s -0:12:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	27	12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	28	12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	29	12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	30	12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jan	31	12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	1	12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	2	12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	3	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	4	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	5	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	6	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	7	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	8	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	9	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	10	12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	11	12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	12	12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	13	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	14	12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	15	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	16	12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	17	12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	18	12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	19	12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	20	12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	21	12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	22	12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	23	12:13:25s -0:13:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	24	12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	25	12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	26	12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	27	12:12:45s -0:12:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Feb	28	12:12:35s -0:12:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	1	12:12:25s -0:12:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	2	12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	3	12:12:00s -0:12:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	4	12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	5	12:11:35s -0:11:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	6	12:11:20s -0:11:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	7	12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	8	12:10:50s -0:10:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	9	12:10:35s -0:10:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	10	12:10:20s -0:10:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	11	12:10:05s -0:10:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	12	12:09:50s -0:09:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	13	12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	14	12:09:15s -0:09:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	15	12:09:00s -0:09:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	16	12:08:40s -0:08:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	17	12:08:25s -0:08:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	18	12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	19	12:07:50s -0:07:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	20	12:07:30s -0:07:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	21	12:07:15s -0:07:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	22	12:06:55s -0:06:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	23	12:06:35s -0:06:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	24	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	25	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	26	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	27	12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	28	12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	29	12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	30	12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Mar	31	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	1	12:03:55s -0:03:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	2	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	3	12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	4	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	5	12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	6	12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	7	12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	8	12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	9	12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	10	12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	11	12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	12	12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	13	12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	14	12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	15	12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	16	11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	17	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	18	11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	19	11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	20	11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	21	11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	22	11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	23	11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	24	11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	25	11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	26	11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	27	11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	28	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	29	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Apr	30	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	1	11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	2	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	3	11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	4	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	5	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	6	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	7	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	8	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	9	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	10	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	11	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	12	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	13	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	14	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	15	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	16	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	17	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	18	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	19	11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	20	11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	21	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	22	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	23	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	24	11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	25	11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	26	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	27	11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	28	11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	29	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	30	11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	May	31	11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	1	11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	2	11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	3	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	4	11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	5	11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	6	11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	7	11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	8	11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	9	11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	10	11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	11	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	12	11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	13	12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	14	12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	15	12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	16	12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	17	12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	18	12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	19	12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	20	12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	21	12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	22	12:01:55s -0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	23	12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	24	12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	25	12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	26	12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	27	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	28	12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	29	12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jun	30	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	1	12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	2	12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	3	12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	4	12:04:20s -0:04:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	5	12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	6	12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	7	12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	8	12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	9	12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	10	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	11	12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	12	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	13	12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	14	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	15	12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	16	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	17	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	18	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	19	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	20	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	21	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	22	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	23	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	24	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	25	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	26	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	27	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	28	12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	29	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	30	12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Jul	31	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	1	12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	2	12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	3	12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	4	12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	5	12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	6	12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	7	12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	8	12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	9	12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	10	12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	11	12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	12	12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	13	12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	14	12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	15	12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	16	12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	17	12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	18	12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	19	12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	20	12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	21	12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	22	12:02:55s -0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	23	12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	24	12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	25	12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	26	12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	27	12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	28	12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	29	12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	30	12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Aug	31	12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	1	12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	2	11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	3	11:59:25s 0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	4	11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	5	11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	6	11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	7	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	8	11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	9	11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	10	11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	11	11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	12	11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	13	11:56:00s 0:04:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	14	11:55:35s 0:04:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	15	11:55:15s 0:04:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	16	11:54:55s 0:05:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	17	11:54:35s 0:05:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	18	11:54:10s 0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	19	11:53:50s 0:06:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	20	11:53:30s 0:06:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	21	11:53:10s 0:06:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	22	11:52:45s 0:07:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	23	11:52:25s 0:07:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	24	11:52:05s 0:07:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	25	11:51:45s 0:08:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	26	11:51:25s 0:08:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	27	11:51:05s 0:08:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	28	11:50:40s 0:09:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	29	11:50:20s 0:09:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Sep	30	11:50:00s 0:10:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	1	11:49:45s 0:10:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	2	11:49:25s 0:10:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	3	11:49:05s 0:10:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	4	11:48:45s 0:11:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	5	11:48:30s 0:11:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	6	11:48:10s 0:11:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	7	11:47:50s 0:12:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	8	11:47:35s 0:12:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	9	11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	10	11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	11	11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	12	11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	13	11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	14	11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	15	11:45:50s 0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	16	11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	17	11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	18	11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	19	11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	20	11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	21	11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	22	11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	23	11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	24	11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	25	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	26	11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	27	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	28	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	29	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	30	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Oct	31	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	1	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	2	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	3	11:43:30s 0:16:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	4	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	5	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	6	11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	7	11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	8	11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	9	11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	10	11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	11	11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	12	11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	13	11:44:15s 0:15:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	14	11:44:25s 0:15:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	15	11:44:35s 0:15:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	16	11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	17	11:44:55s 0:15:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	18	11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	19	11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	20	11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	21	11:45:50s 0:14:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	22	11:46:05s 0:13:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	23	11:46:25s 0:13:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	24	11:46:40s 0:13:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	25	11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	26	11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	27	11:47:35s 0:12:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	28	11:47:55s 0:12:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	29	11:48:20s 0:11:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Nov	30	11:48:40s 0:11:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	1	11:49:00s 0:11:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	2	11:49:25s 0:10:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	3	11:49:50s 0:10:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	4	11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	5	11:50:35s 0:09:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	6	11:51:00s 0:09:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	7	11:51:30s 0:08:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	8	11:51:55s 0:08:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	9	11:52:20s 0:07:40 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	10	11:52:50s 0:07:10 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	11	11:53:15s 0:06:45 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	12	11:53:45s 0:06:15 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	13	11:54:10s 0:05:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	14	11:54:40s 0:05:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	15	11:55:10s 0:04:50 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	16	11:55:40s 0:04:20 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	17	11:56:05s 0:03:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	18	11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	19	11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	20	11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	21	11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	22	11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	23	11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	24	11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	25	12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	26	12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	27	12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	28	12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	29	12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	30	12:02:30s -0:02:30 -
-Rule	sol89	1989	only	-	Dec	31	12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
-
-# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East:  3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
-# Before and after 1989, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Riyadh89	3:07:04	-		zzz	1989
-			3:07:04	sol89		zzz	1990
-			3:07:04	-		zzz
-# For backward compatibility...
-Link	Asia/Riyadh89	Mideast/Riyadh89

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/southamerica
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/southamerica	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/southamerica	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # tz at iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-05):
 #
 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
 #
-# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
-# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
+# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
 # of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
@@ -22,34 +22,12 @@
 #
 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
-# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
+# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
 #
-# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
-# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
-# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
-#	I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
-#	_daylight-saving time_.  _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
-#	in Europe and South America.
-#	-- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
-#	H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
-#
-# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
-# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
-# "summer time".  Reinaldo Goulart, a São Paulo businessman active in
-# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
-#	The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
-#	Brazil.  Let's say that "the Brasília time" is considered the
-#	"official time" because Brasília is the capital city.
-#	The other three time zones are called "Brasília time "minus one" or
-#	"plus one" or "plus two".  As far as I know there is no such
-#	name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
-# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
-# Corrections are welcome!
-#		std	dst
-#	-2:00	FNT	FNST	Fernando de Noronha
-#	-3:00	BRT	BRST	Brasília
-#	-4:00	AMT	AMST	Amazon
-#	-5:00	ACT	ACST	Acre
+# These tables use numeric abbreviations like -03 and -0330 for
+# integer hour and minute UT offsets.  Although earlier editions used
+# alphabetic time zone abbreviations, these abbreviations were
+# invented and did not reflect common practice.
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -69,28 +47,28 @@
 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Arg	1930	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1930	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1931	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1931	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1931	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1932	1940	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1932	1939	-	Nov	 1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Arg	1940	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1932	1939	-	Nov	 1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Arg	1940	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1941	only	-	Jun	15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1941	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1941	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1943	only	-	Aug	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1943	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1943	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1946	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1946	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1946	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Dec	15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Dec	15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1967	only	-	Apr	 2	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1967	1968	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1967	1968	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1968	1969	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	Jan	23	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	Jan	23	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	May	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1988	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1988	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 #
 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
@@ -98,7 +76,7 @@
 # Talleres de Hidrografía Naval Argentina
 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
 Rule	Arg	1989	1993	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	1989	1992	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1989	1992	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 #
 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
@@ -109,7 +87,7 @@
 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
 # from the International Date Line.
-Rule	Arg	1999	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	1999	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
@@ -212,9 +190,9 @@
 # la modificación del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
 # crecimiento en la producción y distribución energética."
 
-Rule	Arg	2007	only	-	Dec	30	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	2007	only	-	Dec	30	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Arg	2008	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 
 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
@@ -224,12 +202,14 @@
 # It's Law No. 7,210.  This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-09):
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-31):
 # Hora de verano para la República Argentina
 # http://buenasiembra.com.ar/esoterismo/astrologia/hora-de-verano-de-la-republica-argentina-27.html
 # says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value
-# over Shanks & Pottenger.
+# over Shanks & Pottenger.  It is upward compatible with Milne, who
+# says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.
+
 #
 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
@@ -287,8 +267,8 @@
 #
 # Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes
 # (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay)
-# http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/nota/253414/Economia/Es-inminente-que-en-San-Luis-atrasen-una-hora-los-relojes.html
-# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
+# https://www.lagaceta.com.ar/nota/253414/Economia/Es-inminente-que-en-San-Luis-atrasen-una-hora-los-relojes.html
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
 
 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-01-18):
 # The page of the San Luis provincial government
@@ -384,12 +364,6 @@
 #
 # So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last
 # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
-#
-# I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis
-# timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like,
-# right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country
-# is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest
-# of the country calls it "ART".
 # ...
 
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
@@ -409,11 +383,11 @@
 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-05):
-# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at UTC-4
-# with perpetual summer time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
-# just say it's at UTC-3; see, for example,
-# http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-23):
+# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at -04
+# with perpetual daylight saving time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
+# just say it's at -03; see, for example,
+# https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina
 # We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to
 # standard time, so let's do that here too.  This does not change UTC
 # offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations.  One minor
@@ -420,19 +394,16 @@
 # plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
 # setting for time stamps past 2038.
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
-# Milne says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.
-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02
 #
 # Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
@@ -446,159 +417,159 @@
 #
 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02
 #
 # Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
 Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Tucumán (TM)
 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 13
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 13
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02
 #
 # La Rioja (LR)
 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 May  7
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 May  7
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # San Juan (SJ)
 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 May  7
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 31
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jul 25
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 May  7
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 May 31
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jul 25
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Jujuy (JY)
 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
-			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 28
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar 17
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct  6
-			-3:00	1:00	ARST	1992
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1990 Mar  4
+			-4:00	-	-04	1990 Oct 28
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1991 Mar 17
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct  6
+			-3:00	1:00	-02	1992
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Mendoza (MZ)
 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
-			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 15
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 15
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1992 Mar  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	1992 Oct 18
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 23
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Sep 26
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1990 Mar  4
+			-4:00	-	-04	1990 Oct 15
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1991 Mar  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Oct 15
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1992 Mar  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1992 Oct 18
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 May 23
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Sep 26
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # San Luis (SL)
 
 Rule	SanLuis	2008	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
-Rule	SanLuis	2007	2008	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	SanLuis	2007	2008	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	-
 
 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990
-			-3:00	1:00	ARST	1990 Mar 14
-			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 15
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Jun  1
-			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	1:00	WARST	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 31
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jul 25
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Jan 21
-			-4:00	SanLuis	WAR%sT	2009 Oct 11
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1990
+			-3:00	1:00	-02	1990 Mar 14
+			-4:00	-	-04	1990 Oct 15
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1991 Mar  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1991 Jun  1
+			-3:00	-	-03	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 May 31
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jul 25
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Jan 21
+			-4:00	SanLuis	-04/-03	2009 Oct 11
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
-			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
-			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May    # Córdoba Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
-			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 30
-			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Oct 18
-			-3:00	-	ART
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
+			-4:00	-	-04	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	-03	2004 May 30
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	2008 Oct 18
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Aruba
 Link America/Curacao America/Aruba
@@ -607,8 +578,8 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:32:36 -	CMT	1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
-			-4:32:36 1:00	BOST	1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
-			-4:00	-	BOT	# Bolivia Time
+			-4:32:36 1:00	BST	1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
+			-4:00	-	-04
 
 # Brazil
 
@@ -744,7 +715,7 @@
 # (Portuguese)
 #
 # We have a written a short article about it as well:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
 #
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-04):
 # State Bahia will return to Daylight savings time this year after 8 years off.
@@ -753,7 +724,7 @@
 
 # In Portuguese:
 # http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html
-# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html
+# https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html
 
 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07):
 # There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it.
@@ -779,16 +750,16 @@
 
 # From Rodrigo Severo (2012-10-16):
 # Tocantins state will have DST.
-# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
+# https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20):
 # Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October....
 # http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto
 # We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed:
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
 
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17):
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
 # Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10.
 # He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas
 # will change as well.
@@ -799,14 +770,14 @@
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 # Decree 20,466 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm> (1931-10-01)
 # Decree 21,896 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm> (1932-01-10)
-Rule	Brazil	1931	only	-	Oct	 3	11:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1931	only	-	Oct	 3	11:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1932	1933	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	1932	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1932	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 23,195 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm> (1933-10-10)
 # revoked DST.
 # Decree 27,496 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm> (1949-11-24)
 # Decree 27,998 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm> (1950-04-13)
-Rule	Brazil	1949	1952	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1949	1952	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1950	only	-	Apr	16	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	1951	1952	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 32,308 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm> (1953-02-24)
@@ -818,51 +789,51 @@
 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
 # Decree 53,071 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm> (1963-12-03)
 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
-Rule	Brazil	1963	only	-	Dec	 9	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1963	only	-	Dec	 9	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 53,604 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm> (1964-02-25)
 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
 Rule	Brazil	1964	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 55,639 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm> (1965-01-27)
-Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Mar	31	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 57,303 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm> (1965-11-22)
-Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm> (1966-02-18)
 Rule	Brazil	1966	1968	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	1966	1967	-	Nov	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1966	1967	-	Nov	 1	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 63,429 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm> (1968-10-15)
 # revoked DST.
 # Decree 91,698 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm> (1985-09-27)
-Rule	Brazil	1985	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1985	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
 Rule	Brazil	1986	only	-	Mar	15	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
-Rule	Brazil	1986	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1986	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1987	only	-	Feb	14	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 94,922 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm> (1987-09-22)
-Rule	Brazil	1987	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1987	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1988	only	-	Feb	 7	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 96,676 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm> (1988-09-12)
 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
-Rule	Brazil	1988	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1988	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1989	only	-	Jan	29	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 98,077 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm> (1989-08-21)
 # with the same exceptions
-Rule	Brazil	1989	only	-	Oct	15	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1989	only	-	Oct	15	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1990	only	-	Feb	11	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 99,530 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm> (1990-09-17)
 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
-Rule	Brazil	1990	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1990	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1991	only	-	Feb	17	 0:00	0	-
 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm> (1991-09-25)
 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
-Rule	Brazil	1991	only	-	Oct	20	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1991	only	-	Oct	20	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1992	only	-	Feb	 9	 0:00	0	-
 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm> (1992-10-16)
 # adopted by same states.
-Rule	Brazil	1992	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1992	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1993	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 942 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm> (1993-09-28)
 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
@@ -872,12 +843,12 @@
 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
 # Decree 1,674 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm> (1995-10-13)
 # adds AL, SE.
-Rule	Brazil	1993	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=11	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1993	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=11	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1994	1995	-	Feb	Sun>=15	 0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	1996	only	-	Feb	11	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 2,000 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm> (1996-09-04)
 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
-Rule	Brazil	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1997	only	-	Feb	16	 0:00	0	-
 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
@@ -887,19 +858,19 @@
 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
 #
 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
-Rule	Brazil	1997	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1997	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 2,495 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG>
 # (1998-02-10)
 Rule	Brazil	1998	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 2,780 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg> (1998-09-11)
 # adopted by the same states as before.
-Rule	Brazil	1998	only	-	Oct	11	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1998	only	-	Oct	11	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	1999	only	-	Feb	21	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 3,150 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif>
 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
 # Decree 3,188 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif> (1999-09-30)
 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
-Rule	Brazil	1999	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	1999	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	2000	only	-	Feb	27	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 3,592 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm> (2000-09-06)
 # adopted by the same states as before.
@@ -909,27 +880,27 @@
 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
 # Decree 3,916 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif>
 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
-Rule	Brazil	2000	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2000	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	2001	2006	-	Feb	Sun>=15	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 # 4,399 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm>
-Rule	Brazil	2002	only	-	Nov	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2002	only	-	Nov	 3	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
 # 4,844 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm>
-Rule	Brazil	2003	only	-	Oct	19	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2003	only	-	Oct	19	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
 # 5,223 <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm>
-Rule	Brazil	2004	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2004	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 5,539 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif> (2005-09-19),
 # adopted by the same states as before.
-Rule	Brazil	2005	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2005	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	-
 # Decree 5,920 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif> (2006-10-03),
 # adopted by the same states as before.
-Rule	Brazil	2006	only	-	Nov	 5	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2006	only	-	Nov	 5	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	2007	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	0	-
 # Decree 6,212 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif> (2007-09-26),
 # adopted by the same states as before.
-Rule	Brazil	2007	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2007	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 0:00	1:00	-
 # From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
 # According to this decree
 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
@@ -936,12 +907,25 @@
 # [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
 # 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
 # the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
-Rule	Brazil	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Brazil	2008	2017	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	2008	2011	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
+# Decree 7,584 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7584_20111013.jpg> (2011-10-13)
+# added Bahia.
 Rule	Brazil	2012	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
+# Decree 7,826 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7826_20121015.jpg> (2012-10-15)
+# removed Bahia and added Tocantins.
+# Decree 8,112 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto8112_20130930.JPG> (2013-09-30)
+# removed Tocantins.
 Rule	Brazil	2013	2014	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	2015	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	2016	2022	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-18):
+# According to many media sources, next year's DST start in Brazil will move to
+# the first Sunday of November, and it will stay like that for the years after.
+# ... https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-delays-dst-2018.html
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-20):
+# http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/decreto/D9242.htm
+Rule	Brazil	2018	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Brazil	2023	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	2024	2025	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	2026	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
@@ -960,12 +944,12 @@
 #
 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
 Zone America/Noronha	-2:09:40 -	LMT	1914
-			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	1990 Sep 17
-			-2:00	-	FNT	1999 Sep 30
-			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	2000 Oct 15
-			-2:00	-	FNT	2001 Sep 13
-			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	2002 Oct  1
-			-2:00	-	FNT
+			-2:00	Brazil	-02/-01	1990 Sep 17
+			-2:00	-	-02	1999 Sep 30
+			-2:00	Brazil	-02/-01	2000 Oct 15
+			-2:00	-	-02	2001 Sep 13
+			-2:00	Brazil	-02/-01	2002 Oct  1
+			-2:00	-	-02
 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
 # These include Trindade and Martim Vaz (administratively part of ES),
 # Rocas Atoll (RN), and the St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (PE).
@@ -978,125 +962,125 @@
 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
 # the border with Amapá) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
 Zone America/Belem	-3:13:56 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1988 Sep 12
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # west Pará (PA)
 # West Pará includes Altamira, Óbidos, Prainha, Oriximiná, and Santarém.
 Zone America/Santarem	-3:38:48 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-4:00	-	AMT	2008 Jun 24  0:00
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	1988 Sep 12
+			-4:00	-	-04	2008 Jun 24  0:00
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
 # Paraíba (PB)
 Zone America/Fortaleza	-2:34:00 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
-			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 22
-			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1990 Sep 17
+			-3:00	-	-03	1999 Sep 30
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2000 Oct 22
+			-3:00	-	-03	2001 Sep 13
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2002 Oct  1
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
 Zone America/Recife	-2:19:36 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
-			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 15
-			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1990 Sep 17
+			-3:00	-	-03	1999 Sep 30
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2000 Oct 15
+			-3:00	-	-03	2001 Sep 13
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2002 Oct  1
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Tocantins (TO)
 Zone America/Araguaina	-3:12:48 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
-			-3:00	-	BRT	1995 Sep 14
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2003 Sep 24
-			-3:00	-	BRT	2012 Oct 21
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2013 Sep
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1990 Sep 17
+			-3:00	-	-03	1995 Sep 14
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2003 Sep 24
+			-3:00	-	-03	2012 Oct 21
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2013 Sep
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
 Zone America/Maceio	-2:22:52 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
-			-3:00	-	BRT	1995 Oct 13
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1996 Sep  4
-			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 22
-			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1990 Sep 17
+			-3:00	-	-03	1995 Oct 13
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1996 Sep  4
+			-3:00	-	-03	1999 Sep 30
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2000 Oct 22
+			-3:00	-	-03	2001 Sep 13
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2002 Oct  1
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Bahia (BA)
 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
 # of America/Salvador.
 Zone America/Bahia	-2:34:04 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2003 Sep 24
-			-3:00	-	BRT	2011 Oct 16
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2012 Oct 21
-			-3:00	-	BRT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2003 Sep 24
+			-3:00	-	-03	2011 Oct 16
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	2012 Oct 21
+			-3:00	-	-03
 #
 # Goiás (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
 # Espírito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR),
 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
 Zone America/Sao_Paulo	-3:06:28 -	LMT	1914
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1963 Oct 23  0:00
-			-3:00	1:00	BRST	1964
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02	1963 Oct 23  0:00
+			-3:00	1:00	-02	1964
+			-3:00	Brazil	-03/-02
 #
 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03
 #
 # Mato Grosso (MT)
 Zone America/Cuiaba	-3:44:20 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	2003 Sep 24
-			-4:00	-	AMT	2004 Oct  1
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	2003 Sep 24
+			-4:00	-	-04	2004 Oct  1
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03
 #
 # Rondônia (RO)
 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-4:00	-	AMT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	1988 Sep 12
+			-4:00	-	-04
 #
 # Roraima (RR)
 Zone America/Boa_Vista	-4:02:40 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-4:00	-	AMT	1999 Sep 30
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	2000 Oct 15
-			-4:00	-	AMT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	1988 Sep 12
+			-4:00	-	-04	1999 Sep 30
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	2000 Oct 15
+			-4:00	-	-04
 #
 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutaí, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
 # east from west Amazonas.
 Zone America/Manaus	-4:00:04 -	LMT	1914
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-4:00	-	AMT	1993 Sep 28
-			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1994 Sep 22
-			-4:00	-	AMT
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	1988 Sep 12
+			-4:00	-	-04	1993 Sep 28
+			-4:00	Brazil	-04/-03	1994 Sep 22
+			-4:00	-	-04
 #
 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
 #	Eirunepé, Envira, Ipixuna
 Zone America/Eirunepe	-4:39:28 -	LMT	1914
-			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-5:00	-	ACT	1993 Sep 28
-			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1994 Sep 22
-			-5:00	-	ACT	2008 Jun 24  0:00
-			-4:00	-	AMT	2013 Nov 10
-			-5:00	-	ACT
+			-5:00	Brazil	-05/-04	1988 Sep 12
+			-5:00	-	-05	1993 Sep 28
+			-5:00	Brazil	-05/-04	1994 Sep 22
+			-5:00	-	-05	2008 Jun 24  0:00
+			-4:00	-	-04	2013 Nov 10
+			-5:00	-	-05
 #
 # Acre (AC)
 Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
-			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1988 Sep 12
-			-5:00	-	ACT	2008 Jun 24  0:00
-			-4:00	-	AMT	2013 Nov 10
-			-5:00	-	ACT
+			-5:00	Brazil	-05/-04	1988 Sep 12
+			-5:00	-	-05	2008 Jun 24  0:00
+			-4:00	-	-04	2013 Nov 10
+			-5:00	-	-05
 
 # Chile
 
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-03):
 # Shanks & Pottenger says America/Santiago introduced standard time in
-# 1890 and rounds its UTC offset to 70W40; guess that in practice this
+# 1890 and rounds its UT offset to 70W40; guess that in practice this
 # was the same offset as in 1916-1919.  It also says Pacific/Easter
 # standardized on 109W22 in 1890; assume this didn't change the clocks.
 #
@@ -1104,18 +1088,18 @@
 # the following source, cited by Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
 # [1] Chile Law
 # http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/chile.html
-# This contains a copy of a this official table:
+# This contains a copy of this official table:
 # Cambios en la hora oficial de Chile desde 1900 (retrieved 2008-03-30)
-# http://web.archive.org/web/20080330200901/http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20080330200901/http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
 # [1] needs several corrections, though.
 #
 # The first set of corrections is from:
 # [2] History of the Official Time of Chile
 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/ing/horaof_ing.html (retrieved 2012-03-06).  See:
-# http://web.archive.org/web/20120306042032/http://www.horaoficial.cl/ing/horaof_ing.html
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20120306042032/http://www.horaoficial.cl/ing/horaof_ing.html
 # This is an English translation of:
 # Historia de la hora oficial de Chile (retrieved 2012-10-24).  See:
-# http://web.archive.org/web/20121024234627/http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20121024234627/http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm
 # A fancier Spanish version (requiring mouse-clicking) is at:
 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/historia_hora.html
 # Conflicts between [1] and [2] were resolved as follows:
@@ -1235,29 +1219,41 @@
 # to mean 24:00 mainland time, not 24:00 local time, so that Easter
 # Island is always two hours behind the mainland.
 
+# From Juan Correa (2016-12-04):
+# Magallanes region ... will keep DST (UTC -3) all year round....
+# http://www.soychile.cl/Santiago/Sociedad/2016/12/04/433428/Bachelet-firmo-el-decreto-para-establecer-un-horario-unico-para-la-Region-de-Magallanes.aspx
+#
+# From Deborah Goldsmith (2017-01-19):
+# http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2017/01/17/41660/01/1169626.pdf
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-19):
+# The above says the Magallanes change expires 2019-05-11 at 24:00,
+# so in theory, they will revert to -04/-03 after that, which means
+# they will switch from -03 to -04 one hour after Santiago does that day.
+# For now, assume that they will not revert.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Chile	1927	1931	-	Sep	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1927	1931	-	Sep	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1928	1932	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1968	only	-	Nov	 3	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1968	only	-	Nov	 3	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1969	only	-	Mar	30	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1969	only	-	Nov	23	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1969	only	-	Nov	23	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1970	only	-	Mar	29	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	1971	only	-	Mar	14	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1970	1972	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1970	1972	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1972	1986	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1973	only	-	Sep	30	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	Chile	1974	1987	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1973	only	-	Sep	30	4:00u	1:00	-
+Rule	Chile	1974	1987	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1987	only	-	Apr	12	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	1988	1990	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1988	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	Chile	1990	only	-	Sep	16	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1988	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
+Rule	Chile	1990	only	-	Sep	16	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1991	1996	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1991	1997	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1991	1997	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1997	only	-	Mar	30	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	1998	only	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1998	only	-	Sep	27	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1998	only	-	Sep	27	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	1999	only	-	Apr	 4	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	1999	2010	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	1999	2010	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	2000	2007	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
@@ -1265,32 +1261,45 @@
 Rule	Chile	2009	only	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2010	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2011	only	-	May	Sun>=2	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2011	only	-	Aug	Sun>=16	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	2011	only	-	Aug	Sun>=16	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	2012	2014	-	Apr	Sun>=23	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2012	2014	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	2012	2014	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
 Rule	Chile	2016	max	-	May	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2016	max	-	Aug	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	2016	max	-	Aug	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	-
 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Santiago	-4:42:46 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
-			-5:00	-	CLT	1916 Jul  1 # Chile Time
+			-5:00	-	-05	1916 Jul  1
 			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1918 Sep 10
-			-4:00	-	CLT	1919 Jul  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1919 Jul  1
 			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1927 Sep  1
-			-5:00	Chile	CL%sT	1932 Sep  1
-			-4:00	-	CLT	1942 Jun  1
-			-5:00	-	CLT	1942 Aug  1
-			-4:00	-	CLT	1946 Jul 15
-			-4:00	1:00	CLST	1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
-			-4:00	-	CLT	1947 Apr  1
-			-5:00	-	CLT	1947 May 21 23:00
-			-4:00	Chile	CL%sT
+			-5:00	Chile	-05/-04	1932 Sep  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1942 Jun  1
+			-5:00	-	-05	1942 Aug  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1946 Jul 15
+			-4:00	1:00	-03	1946 Sep  1 # central Chile
+			-4:00	-	-04	1947 Apr  1
+			-5:00	-	-05	1947 May 21 23:00
+			-4:00	Chile	-04/-03
+Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 -	LMT	1890
+			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1910 Jan 10
+			-5:00	-	-05	1916 Jul  1
+			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1918 Sep 10
+			-4:00	-	-04	1919 Jul  1
+			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1927 Sep  1
+			-5:00	Chile	-05/-04	1932 Sep  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1942 Jun  1
+			-5:00	-	-05	1942 Aug  1
+			-4:00	-	-04	1947 Apr  1
+			-5:00	-	-05	1947 May 21 23:00
+			-4:00	Chile	-04/-03	2016 Dec  4
+			-3:00	-	-03
 Zone Pacific/Easter	-7:17:28 -	LMT	1890
 			-7:17:28 -	EMT	1932 Sep    # Easter Mean Time
-			-7:00	Chile	EAS%sT	1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
-			-6:00	Chile	EAS%sT
+			-7:00	Chile	-07/-06	1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
+			-6:00	Chile	-06/-05
 #
 # Salas y Gómez Island is uninhabited.
 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernández Is, Desventuradas Is,
@@ -1310,9 +1319,10 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Palmer	0	-	-00	1965
-			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
-			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1982 May
-			-4:00	Chile	CL%sT
+			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1982 May
+			-4:00	Chile	-04/-03	2016 Dec  4
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Colombia
 
@@ -1320,12 +1330,12 @@
 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	CO	1993	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:16 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
 			-4:56:16 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
-			-5:00	CO	CO%sT	# Colombia Time
+			-5:00	CO	-05/-04
 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
 
@@ -1349,7 +1359,7 @@
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:47 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
-			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+			-4:30	-	-0430	1965
 			-4:00	-	AST
 
 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
@@ -1364,19 +1374,32 @@
 #
 # Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
-# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
-# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
-# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
-# talk about "hora Sixto".  Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
+# From Alois Treindl (2016-12-15):
+# https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/hora-sixto-1993.html
+# ... Whether the law applied also to Galápagos, I do not know.
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-15):
+# https://www.elcomercio.com/afull/modificacion-husohorario-ecuador-presidentes-decreto.html
+# This says President Sixto Durán Ballén signed decree No. 285, which
+# established DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05; it does not give transition
+# times.  The people called it "hora de Sixto" ("Sixto hour").  The change did
+# not go over well; a popular song "Qué hora es" by Jaime Guevara had lyrics
+# that included "Amanecía en mitad de la noche, los guaguas iban a clase sin
+# sol" ("It was dawning in the middle of the night, the buses went to class
+# without sun").  Although Ballén's campaign slogan was "Ni un paso atrás"
+# (Not one step back), the clocks went back in 1993 and the experiment was not
+# repeated.  For now, assume transitions were at 00:00 local time country-wide.
 #
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule	Ecuador	1992	only	-	Nov	28	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Ecuador	1993	only	-	Feb	 5	0:00	0	-
+#
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Guayaquil	-5:19:20 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:14:00 -	QMT	1931 # Quito Mean Time
-			-5:00	-	ECT	# Ecuador Time
+			-5:00	Ecuador	-05/-04
 Zone Pacific/Galapagos	-5:58:24 -	LMT	1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
-			-5:00	-	ECT	1986
-			-6:00	-	GALT	# Galápagos Time
+			-5:00	-	-05	1986
+			-6:00	Ecuador	-06/-05
 
 # Falklands
 
@@ -1457,44 +1480,43 @@
 #   the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
 #   the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
 #
-# For now we will assume permanent summer time for the Falklands
+# For now we will assume permanent -03 for the Falklands
 # until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
 # experiment was apparently successful.)
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Falk	1937	1938	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Falk	1937	1938	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Falk	1938	1942	-	Mar	Sun>=19	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Falk	1939	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Falk	1940	1942	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Falk	1939	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Falk	1940	1942	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Falk	1943	only	-	Jan	1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Falk	1983	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Falk	1983	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Falk	1984	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Falk	1984	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Falk	1985	2000	-	Sep	Sun>=9	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Falk	1984	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Falk	1985	2000	-	Sep	Sun>=9	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Falk	1986	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=16	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Falk	2001	2010	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
-Rule	Falk	2001	2010	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Falk	2001	2010	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Stanley	-3:51:24 -	LMT	1890
 			-3:51:24 -	SMT	1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
-			-4:00	Falk	FK%sT	1983 May    # Falkland Is Time
-			-3:00	Falk	FK%sT	1985 Sep 15
-			-4:00	Falk	FK%sT	2010 Sep  5  2:00
-			-3:00	-	FKST
+			-4:00	Falk	-04/-03	1983 May
+			-3:00	Falk	-03/-02	1985 Sep 15
+			-4:00	Falk	-04/-03	2010 Sep  5  2:00
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # French Guiana
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Cayenne	-3:29:20 -	LMT	1911 Jul
-			-4:00	-	GFT	1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
-			-3:00	-	GFT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1967 Oct
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Guyana
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Guyana	-3:52:40 -	LMT	1915 Mar    # Georgetown
-			-3:45	-	GBGT	1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
-			-3:45	-	GYT	1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
-			-3:00	-	GYT	1991
+			-3:45	-	-0345	1975 Jul 31
+			-3:00	-	-03	1991
 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
-			-4:00	-	GYT
+			-4:00	-	-04
 
 # Paraguay
 #
@@ -1508,16 +1530,16 @@
 # adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Para	1975	1988	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1975	1988	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	1975	1978	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Para	1979	1991	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Para	1989	only	-	Oct	22	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Para	1990	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Para	1991	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1989	only	-	Oct	22	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Para	1990	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Para	1991	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	1992	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Para	1992	only	-	Oct	 5	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1992	only	-	Oct	 5	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	1993	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Para	1993	1995	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1993	1995	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	1994	1995	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Para	1996	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
@@ -1535,7 +1557,7 @@
 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
 #
-Rule	Para	1996	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	1996	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 Rule	Para	1997	only	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	0	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
@@ -1546,7 +1568,7 @@
 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
 # April.
 Rule	Para	2002	2004	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Para	2002	2003	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	2002	2003	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 #
 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
@@ -1555,7 +1577,7 @@
 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso via Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf
-Rule	Para	2004	2009	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	2004	2009	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	2005	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2010-02-18):
 # By decree number 3958 issued yesterday
@@ -1568,7 +1590,7 @@
 # and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
 # forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
 # ...
-Rule	Para	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Para	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Para	2010	2012	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
 #
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
@@ -1586,9 +1608,9 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Asuncion	-3:50:40 -	LMT	1890
 			-3:50:40 -	AMT	1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	PYT	1972 Oct    # Paraguay Time
-			-3:00	-	PYT	1974 Apr
-			-4:00	Para	PY%sT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1972 Oct
+			-3:00	-	-03	1974 Apr
+			-4:00	Para	-04/-03
 
 # Peru
 #
@@ -1601,26 +1623,26 @@
 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Peru	1938	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Peru	1938	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1938	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Peru	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Peru	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1939	1940	-	Mar	Sun>=24	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Peru	1986	1987	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Peru	1986	1987	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1986	1987	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Lima	-5:08:12 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:08:36 -	LMT	1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
-			-5:00	Peru	PE%sT	# Peru Time
+			-5:00	Peru	-05/-04
 
 # South Georgia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -	LMT	1890 # Grytviken
-			-2:00	-	GST	# South Georgia Time
+			-2:00	-	-02
 
 # South Sandwich Is
 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
@@ -1630,9 +1652,8 @@
 Zone America/Paramaribo	-3:40:40 -	LMT	1911
 			-3:40:52 -	PMT	1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
 			-3:40:36 -	PMT	1945 Oct    # The capital moved?
-			-3:30	-	NEGT	1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
-			-3:30	-	SRT	1984 Oct    # Suriname Time
-			-3:00	-	SRT
+			-3:30	-	-0330	1984 Oct
+			-3:00	-	-03
 
 # Trinidad and Tobago
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -1657,72 +1678,201 @@
 # Uruguay
 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
-# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-20), per Jeremie Bonjour (2018-01-31) and Michael
+# Deckers (2018-02-20):
+# ... At least they kept good records...
+#
+# http://www.armada.mil.uy/ContenidosPDFs/sohma/web/almanaque/almanaque_2018.pdf#page=36
+# Page 36 of Almanaque 2018, published by the Oceanography, Hydrography, and
+# Meteorology Service of the Uruguayan Navy, seems to give many transitions
+# with greater clarity than we've had before.  It directly references many laws
+# and decrees which are, in turn, referenced below.  They can be viewed in the
+# public archives of the Diario Oficial (in Spanish) at
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/
+#
+# Ley No. 3920 of 1908-06-10 placed the determination of legal time under the
+# auspices of the National Institute for the Prediction of Time.  It is unclear
+# exactly what offset was used during this period, though Ley No. 7200 of
+# 1920-04-23 used the Observatory of the National Meteorological Institute in
+# Montevideo (34° 54' 33" S, 56° 12' 45" W) as its reference meridian,
+# retarding legal time by 15 minutes 9 seconds from 1920-04-30 24:00,
+# resulting in UT-04.  Assume the corresponding LMT of UT-03:44:51 (given on
+# page 725 of the Proceedings of the Second Pan-American Scientific Congress,
+# 1915-1916) was in use, and merely became official from 1908-06-10.
+# https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1908/06/18/12
+# https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1920/04/27/9
+#
+# Ley No. 7594 of 1923-06-28 specified legal time as Observatory time advanced
+# by 44 minutes 51 seconds (UT-03) "from 30 September to 31 March", and by 14
+# minutes 51 seconds (UT-03:30) "the rest of the year"; a message from the
+# National Council of Administration the same day, published directly below the
+# law in the Diario Oficial, specified the first transition to be 1923-09-30
+# 24:00.  This effectively established standard time at UT-03:30 with 30
+# minutes DST.  Assume transitions at 24:00 on the specified days until Ley No.
+# 7919 of 1926-03-05 ended this arrangement, repealing all "laws and other
+# provisions which oppose" it, resulting in year-round UT-03:30; a Resolución
+# of 1926-03-11 puts the final transition at 1926-03-31 24:00, the same as it
+# would have been under the previous law.
+# https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1923/07/02/2
+# https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/10/2
+# https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/18/2
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Uruguay	1923	only	-	Oct	 2	 0:00	0:30	HS
+Rule	Uruguay	1923	1925	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0:30	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1924	1926	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1924	1925	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
-Rule	Uruguay	1933	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	HS
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
-Rule	Uruguay	1934	1936	-	Mar	Sat>=25	23:30s	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1936	only	-	Nov	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
-Rule	Uruguay	1937	1941	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
-# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Uruguay	1937	1940	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	HS
-# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
-# and 1943 Apr 13 "to present time"; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule	Uruguay	1941	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
-Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Jan	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	S
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1933/10/27/6
+#
+# It appears Ley No. 9122 of 1933 was never published as such in the Diario
+# Oficial, but instead appeared as Document 26 in the Diario on Friday
+# 1933-10-27 as a decree made Monday 1933-10-23 and filed under the Ministry of
+# National Defense.  It reinstituted a DST of 30 minutes (to UT-03) "from the
+# last Sunday of October...until the last Saturday of March."  In accordance
+# with this provision, the first transition was explicitly specified in Article
+# 2 of the decree as Saturday 1933-10-28 at 24:00; that is, Sunday 1933-10-29
+# at 00:00.  Assume transitions at 00:00 Sunday throughout.
+#
+# Departing from the matter-of-fact nature of previous timekeeping laws, the
+# 1933 decree "consider[s] the advantages of...the advance of legal time":
+#
+#   "Whereas: The measure adopted by almost all nations at the time of the last
+#    World War still persists in North America and Europe, precisely because of
+#    the economic, hygienic, and social advantages derived from such an
+#    emergency measure...
+#
+#    Whereas: The advance of the legal time during the summer seasons, by
+#    displacing social activity near sunrise, favors the citizen populations
+#    and especially the society that creates and works..."
+#
+# It further specified that "necessary measures" be taken to ensure that
+# "public spectacles finish, in general, before [01:00]."
+Rule	Uruguay	1933	1938	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1934	1941	-	Mar	lastSat	24:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Most of the Rules below, and their contemporaneous Zone lines, have been
+# updated simply to match the Almanaque 2018.  Although the document does not
+# list exact transition times, midnight transitions were already present in our
+# data here for all transitions through 2004-09, and this is both consistent
+# with prior transitions and verified in several decrees marked below between
+# 1939-09 and 2004-09, wherein the relevant text was typically of the form:
+#
+#   "From 0 hours on [date], the legal time of the entire Republic will be...
+#
+#    In accordance with [the preceding], on [previous date] at 24 hours, all
+#    clocks throughout the Republic will be [advanced/retarded] by..."
+#
+# It is possible that there is greater specificity to be found for the Rules
+# below, but it is buried in no fewer than 40 different decrees individually
+# referenced by the Almanaque for the period from 1939-09 to 2014-09.
+# Four-fifths of these were promulgated less than two weeks before taking
+# effect; more than half within a week and none more than 5 weeks.  Only the
+# handful with comments below have been checked with any thoroughness.
+Rule	Uruguay	1939	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0:30	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1940	only	-	Oct	27	 0:00	0:30	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 1145 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1941-07-26, specified
+# UT-03 from Friday 1941-08-01 00:00, citing an "urgent...need to save fuel".
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1941/08/04/1
+Rule	Uruguay	1941	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0:30	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 1866 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1942-12-09, specified
+# further advancement (to UT-02:30) from Sunday 1942-12-13 24:00.  Since clocks
+# never went back to UT-03:30 thereafter, this is modeled as advancing standard
+# time by 30 minutes to UT-03, while retaining 30 minutes of DST.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1942/12/16/3
+Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	0:30	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1943	only	-	Mar	14	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1959	only	-	May	24	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Uruguay	1959	only	-	May	24	 0:00	0:30	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1959	only	-	Nov	15	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1960	only	-	Jan	17	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Uruguay	1960	only	-	Jan	17	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1960	only	-	Mar	 6	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1965	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Uruguay	1965	only	-	Apr	 4	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1965	only	-	Sep	26	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1966	1967	-	Oct	31	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1968	1970	-	May	27	 0:00	0:30	HS
-Rule	Uruguay	1968	1970	-	Dec	 2	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Apr	24	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Aug	15	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Mar	10	 0:00	0:30	HS
-Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Dec	22	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1976	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1977	only	-	Dec	 4	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1978	only	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1979	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1980	only	-	May	 1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1987	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Mar	14	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Dec	11	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Mar	12	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	1:00	S
-# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
-# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01.  Go with IATA.
-Rule	Uruguay	1990	1992	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 0:00	0	-
-Rule	Uruguay	1990	1991	-	Oct	Sun>=21	 0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	1992	only	-	Oct	18	 0:00	1:00	S
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 321/968 of 1968-05-25, citing emergency drought measures decreed the
+# day before, brought clocks forward 30 minutes from Monday 1968-05-27 00:00.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1968/05/30/5
+Rule	Uruguay	1968	only	-	May	27	 0:00	0:30	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1968	only	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 188/970 of 1970-04-23 instituted restrictions on electricity
+# consumption "as a consequence of the current rainfall regime in the country".
+# Articles 13 and 14 advanced clocks by an hour from Saturday 1970-04-25 00:00.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1970/04/29/4
+Rule	Uruguay	1970	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1970	only	-	Jun	14	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Apr	23	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Jul	16	 0:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 29/974 of 1974-01-11, citing "the international rise in the price of
+# oil", advanced clocks by 90 minutes (to UT-01:30).  Decreto 163/974 of
+# 1974-03-04 returned 60 of those minutes (to UT-02:30), and the remaining 30
+# minutes followed in Decreto 679/974 of 1974-08-29.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/01/22/11
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/03/14/3
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/09/04/6
+Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Jan	13	 0:00	1:30	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Mar	10	 0:00	0:30	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Dec	22	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1975	only	-	Mar	30	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1976	only	-	Dec	19	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1977	only	-	Mar	 6	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1977	only	-	Dec	 4	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1978	1979	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1978	only	-	Dec	17	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1979	only	-	Apr	29	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1980	only	-	Mar	16	 0:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 725/987 of 1987-12-04 cited "better use of national tourist
+# attractions" to advance clocks one hour from Monday 1987-12-14 00:00.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1988/01/25/1
+Rule	Uruguay	1987	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Feb	28	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Dec	11	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Mar	 5	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1990	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Paul Eggert (1999-11-04):
+# IATA agrees as below for 1990-10 through 1993-02.  Per Almanaque 2018, the
+# 1992/1993 season appears to be the first in over half a century where DST
+# both began and ended pursuant to the same decree.
+Rule	Uruguay	1990	1991	-	Oct	Sun>=21	 0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1991	1992	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 0:00	0	-
+Rule	Uruguay	1992	only	-	Oct	18	 0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1993	only	-	Feb	28	 0:00	0	-
 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
 # The Uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
-# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
-Rule	Uruguay	2004	only	-	Sep	19	 0:00	1:00	S
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 328/004 of 2004-09-15.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2004/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
+Rule	Uruguay	2004	only	-	Sep	19	 0:00	1:00	-
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
-# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# This 2005 postponement is not in Almanaque 2018.  Go with the contemporaneous
+# reporting, which is confirmed by Decreto 107/005 of 2005-03-10 amending
+# Decreto 328/004:
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/03/15/documentos.pdf#page=1
+# The original decree specified a transition of 2005-03-12 24:00, but the new
+# one specified 2005-03-27 02:00.
 Rule	Uruguay	2005	only	-	Mar	27	 2:00	0	-
 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
-# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
-# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
-# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
-Rule	Uruguay	2005	only	-	Oct	 9	 2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	2006	only	-	Mar	12	 2:00	0	-
-# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
-# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
-#
+# ...from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at 02:00 local time,
+# official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 318/005 of 2005-09-19.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
+Rule	Uruguay	2005	only	-	Oct	 9	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Uruguay	2006	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	 2:00	0	-
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
+# Decreto 311/006 of 2006-09-04 established regular DST from the first Sunday
+# of October at 02:00 through the second Sunday of March at 02:00.  Almanaque
+# 2018 appears to have a few typoed dates through this period; ignore them.
+# http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2006/09/08/documentos.pdf#page=1
+Rule	Uruguay	2006	2014	-	Oct	Sun>=1	 2:00	1:00	-
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-06-30):
 # ... it looks like they will not be using DST the coming summer:
 # http://www.elobservador.com.uy/gobierno-resolvio-que-no-habra-cambio-horario-verano-n656787
@@ -1732,15 +1882,22 @@
 # instead of out to dinner.
 # From Pablo Camargo (2015-07-13):
 # http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/sci/decretos/2015/06/cons_min_201.pdf
-# [dated 2015-06-29; repeals Decree 311/006 dated 2006-09-04]
-Rule	Uruguay	2006	2014	-	Oct	Sun>=1	 2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Uruguay	2007	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	 2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Montevideo	-3:44:44 -	LMT	1898 Jun 28
-			-3:44:44 -	MMT	1920 May  1 # Montevideo MT
-			-3:30	Uruguay	UY%sT	1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
-			-3:00	Uruguay	UY%sT
+# From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
+# Decreto 178/015 of 2015-06-29; repeals Decreto 311/006.
 
+# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
+Zone America/Montevideo	-3:44:51 -	LMT	1908 Jun 10
+			-3:44:51 -	MMT	1920 May  1 # Montevideo MT
+			-4:00	-	-04	1923 Oct  1
+			-3:30	Uruguay	-0330/-03 1942 Dec 14
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-0230 1960
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-02	1968
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-0230 1970
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-02	1974
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-0130 1974 Mar 10
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
+			-3:00	Uruguay	-03/-02
+
 # Venezuela
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-28):
@@ -1764,7 +1921,7 @@
 # hours of presidential broadcasts, hours of lines,' quipped comedian
 # Jean Mary Curró ...". See: Cawthorne A, Kai D. Venezuela scraps
 # half-hour time difference set by Chavez. Reuters 2016-04-15 14:50 -0400
-# http://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-timezone-idUSKCN0XC2BE
+# https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-timezone-idUSKCN0XC2BE
 #
 # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-20):
 # ... published in the official Gazette [2016-04-18], here:
@@ -1773,7 +1930,7 @@
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Caracas	-4:27:44 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:27:40 -	CMT	1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
-			-4:30	-	VET	1965 Jan  1  0:00 # Venezuela T.
-			-4:00	-	VET	2007 Dec  9  3:00
-			-4:30	-	VET	2016 May  1  2:30
-			-4:00	-	VET
+			-4:30	-	-0430	1965 Jan  1  0:00
+			-4:00	-	-04	2007 Dec  9  3:00
+			-4:30	-	-0430	2016 May  1  2:30
+			-4:00	-	-04

Added: vendor/tzdata/dist/theory.html
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/theory.html	                        (rev 0)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/theory.html	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -0,0 +1,1304 @@
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <title>Theory and pragmatics of the tz code and data</title>
+  <meta charset="UTF-8">
+</head>
+
+<body>
+<h1>Theory and pragmatics of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code and data</h1>
+  <h3>Outline</h3>
+  <nav>
+    <ul>
+      <li><a href="#scope">Scope of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+	  database</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#naming">Names of time zone rulesets</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#abbreviations">Time zone abbreviations</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#accuracy">Accuracy of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+	  database</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#functions">Time and date functions</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#stability">Interface stability</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#calendar">Calendrical issues</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#planets">Time and time zones on other planets</a></li>
+    </ul>
+  </nav>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="scope">Scope of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database</h2>
+<p>
+The <a
+href="https://www.iana.org/time-zones"><code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+database</a> attempts to record the history and predicted future of
+all computer-based clocks that track civil time.
+It organizes <a href="tz-link.html">time zone and daylight saving time
+data</a> by partitioning the world into <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones">regions</a>
+whose clocks all agree about timestamps that occur after the <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time">POSIX Epoch</a>
+(1970-01-01 00:00:00 <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time"><abbr
+title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</abbr></a>).
+The database labels each such region with a notable location and
+records all known clock transitions for that location.
+Although 1970 is a somewhat-arbitrary cutoff, there are significant
+challenges to moving the cutoff earlier even by a decade or two, due
+to the wide variety of local practices before computer timekeeping
+became prevalent.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Clock transitions before 1970 are recorded for each such location,
+because most systems support timestamps before 1970 and could
+misbehave if data entries were omitted for pre-1970 transitions.
+However, the database is not designed for and does not suffice for
+applications requiring accurate handling of all past times everywhere,
+as it would take far too much effort and guesswork to record all
+details of pre-1970 civil timekeeping.
+Although some information outside the scope of the database is
+collected in a file <code>backzone</code> that is distributed along
+with the database proper, this file is less reliable and does not
+necessarily follow database guidelines.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As described below, reference source code for using the
+<code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database is also available.
+The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code is upwards compatible with <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX">POSIX</a>, an international
+standard for <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix">UNIX</a>-like systems.
+As of this writing, the current edition of POSIX is: <a
+href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/"> The Open
+Group Base Specifications Issue 7</a>, IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, 2018
+Edition.
+Because the database's scope encompasses real-world changes to civil
+timekeeping, its model for describing time is more complex than the
+standard and daylight saving times supported by POSIX.
+A <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region corresponds to a ruleset that can
+have more than two changes per year, these changes need not merely
+flip back and forth between two alternatives, and the rules themselves
+can change at times.
+Whether and when a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region changes its
+clock, and even the region's notional base offset from UTC, are variable.
+It does not always make sense to talk about a region's
+"base offset", since it is not necessarily a single number.
+</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="naming">Names of time zone rulesets</h2>
+<p>
+Each <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region has a unique name that
+corresponds to a set of time zone rules.
+Inexperienced users are not expected to select these names unaided.
+Distributors should provide documentation and/or a simple selection
+interface that explains the names; for one example, see the
+<code>tzselect</code> program in the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code.
+The <a href="http://cldr.unicode.org/">Unicode Common Locale Data
+Repository</a> contains data that may be useful for other selection
+interfaces.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The naming conventions attempt to strike a balance
+among the following goals:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    Uniquely identify every region where clocks have agreed since 1970.
+    This is essential for the intended use: static clocks keeping local
+    civil time.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Indicate to experts where that region is.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Be robust in the presence of political changes.
+    For example, names of countries are ordinarily not used, to avoid
+    incompatibilities when countries change their name (e.g.,
+    Zaire→Congo) or when locations change countries (e.g., Hong
+    Kong from UK colony to China).
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Be portable to a wide variety of implementations.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use a consistent naming conventions over the entire world.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+Names normally have the form
+<var>AREA</var><code>/</code><var>LOCATION</var>, where
+<var>AREA</var> is the name of a continent or ocean, and
+<var>LOCATION</var> is the name of a specific location within that
+region.
+North and South America share the same area, '<code>America</code>'.
+Typical names are '<code>Africa/Cairo</code>',
+'<code>America/New_York</code>', and '<code>Pacific/Honolulu</code>'.
+Some names are further qualified to help avoid confusion; for example,
+'<code>America/Indiana/Petersburg</code>' distinguishes Petersburg,
+Indiana from other Petersburgs in America.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Here are the general guidelines used for
+choosing <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region names,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    Use only valid POSIX file name components (i.e., the parts of
+    names other than '<code>/</code>').
+    Do not use the file name components '<code>.</code>' and
+    '<code>..</code>'.
+    Within a file name component, use only <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII">ASCII</a> letters,
+    '<code>.</code>', '<code>-</code>' and '<code>_</code>'.
+    Do not use digits, as that might create an ambiguity with <a
+    href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap08.html#tag_08_03">POSIX
+    <code>TZ</code> strings</a>.
+    A file name component must not exceed 14 characters or start with
+    '<code>-</code>'.
+    E.g., prefer <code>Asia/Brunei</code> to
+    <code>Asia/Bandar_Seri_Begawan</code>.
+    Exceptions: see the discussion of legacy names below.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    A name must not be empty, or contain '<code>//</code>', or
+    start or end with '<code>/</code>'.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Do not use names that differ only in case.
+    Although the reference implementation is case-sensitive, some
+    other implementations are not, and they would mishandle names
+    differing only in case.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    If one name <var>A</var> is an initial prefix of another
+    name <var>AB</var> (ignoring case), then <var>B</var> must not
+    start with '<code>/</code>', as a regular file cannot have the
+    same name as a directory in POSIX.
+    For example, <code>America/New_York</code> precludes
+    <code>America/New_York/Bronx</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Uninhabited regions like the North Pole and Bouvet Island
+    do not need locations, since local time is not defined there.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    There should typically be at least one name for each <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1"><abbr
+    title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr>
+    3166-1</a> officially assigned two-letter code for an inhabited
+    country or territory.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    If all the clocks in a region have agreed since 1970,
+    do not bother to include more than one location
+    even if subregions' clocks disagreed before 1970.
+    Otherwise these tables would become annoyingly large.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
+    e.g., many cities are named San José and Georgetown, so
+    prefer <code>America/Costa_Rica</code> to
+    <code>America/San_Jose</code> and <code>America/Guyana</code>
+    to <code>America/Georgetown</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Keep locations compact.
+    Use cities or small islands, not countries or regions, so that any
+    future changes do not split individual locations into different
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions.
+    E.g., prefer <code>Europe/Paris</code> to <code>Europe/France</code>,
+    since
+    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_France#History">France
+    has had multiple time zones</a>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use mainstream English spelling, e.g., prefer
+    <code>Europe/Rome</code> to <code>Europe/Roma</code>, and
+    prefer <code>Europe/Athens</code> to the Greek
+    <code>Europe/Αθήνα</code> or the Romanized
+    <code>Europe/Athína</code>.
+    The POSIX file name restrictions encourage this guideline.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use the most populous among locations in a region,
+    e.g., prefer <code>Asia/Shanghai</code> to
+    <code>Asia/Beijing</code>.
+    Among locations with similar populations, pick the best-known
+    location, e.g., prefer <code>Europe/Rome</code> to
+    <code>Europe/Milan</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use the singular form, e.g., prefer <code>Atlantic/Canary</code> to
+    <code>Atlantic/Canaries</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Omit common suffixes like '<code>_Islands</code>' and
+    '<code>_City</code>', unless that would lead to ambiguity.
+    E.g., prefer <code>America/Cayman</code> to
+    <code>America/Cayman_Islands</code> and
+    <code>America/Guatemala</code> to
+    <code>America/Guatemala_City</code>, but prefer
+    <code>America/Mexico_City</code> to
+    <code>America/Mexico</code>
+    because <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Mexico">the
+    country of Mexico has several time zones</a>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use '<code>_</code>' to represent a space.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Omit '<code>.</code>' from abbreviations in names.
+    E.g., prefer <code>Atlantic/St_Helena</code> to
+    <code>Atlantic/St._Helena</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Do not change established names if they only marginally violate
+    the above guidelines.
+    For example, do not change the existing name <code>Europe/Rome</code> to
+    <code>Europe/Milan</code> merely because Milan's population has grown
+    to be somewhat greater than Rome's.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    If a name is changed, put its old spelling in the
+    '<code>backward</code>' file.
+    This means old spellings will continue to work.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+The file '<code>zone1970.tab</code>' lists geographical locations used
+to name <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions.
+It is intended to be an exhaustive list of names for geographic
+regions as described above; this is a subset of the names in the data.
+Although a '<code>zone1970.tab</code>' location's
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude">longitude</a>
+corresponds to
+its <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_mean_time">local mean
+time (<abbr>LMT</abbr>)</a> offset with one hour for every 15°
+east longitude, this relationship is not exact.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Older versions of this package used a different naming scheme,
+and these older names are still supported.
+See the file '<code>backward</code>' for most of these older names
+(e.g., '<code>US/Eastern</code>' instead of '<code>America/New_York</code>').
+The other old-fashioned names still supported are
+'<code>WET</code>', '<code>CET</code>', '<code>MET</code>', and
+'<code>EET</code>' (see the file '<code>europe</code>').
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Older versions of this package defined legacy names that are
+incompatible with the first guideline of location names, but which are
+still supported.
+These legacy names are mostly defined in the file
+'<code>etcetera</code>'.
+Also, the file '<code>backward</code>' defines the legacy names
+'<code>GMT0</code>', '<code>GMT-0</code>' and '<code>GMT+0</code>',
+and the file '<code>northamerica</code>' defines the legacy names
+'<code>EST5EDT</code>', '<code>CST6CDT</code>',
+'<code>MST7MDT</code>', and '<code>PST8PDT</code>'.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Excluding '<code>backward</code>' should not affect the other data.
+If '<code>backward</code>' is excluded, excluding
+'<code>etcetera</code>' should not affect the remaining data.
+</p>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="abbreviations">Time zone abbreviations</h2>
+<p>
+When this package is installed, it generates time zone abbreviations
+like '<code>EST</code>' to be compatible with human tradition and POSIX.
+Here are the general guidelines used for choosing time zone abbreviations,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    Use three to six characters that are ASCII alphanumerics or
+    '<code>+</code>' or '<code>-</code>'.
+    Previous editions of this database also used characters like
+    space and '<code>?</code>', but these characters have a
+    special meaning to the
+    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_shell">UNIX shell</a>
+    and cause commands like
+    '<code><a href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#set">set</a>
+    `<a href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/date.html">date</a>`</code>'
+    to have unexpected effects.
+    Previous editions of this guideline required upper-case letters, but the
+    Congressman who introduced
+    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamorro_Time_Zone">Chamorro
+    Standard Time</a> preferred "ChST", so lower-case letters are now
+    allowed.
+    Also, POSIX from 2001 on relaxed the rule to allow '<code>-</code>',
+    '<code>+</code>', and alphanumeric characters from the portable
+    character set in the current locale.
+    In practice ASCII alphanumerics and '<code>+</code>' and
+    '<code>-</code>' are safe in all locales.
+
+    <p>
+    In other words, in the C locale the POSIX extended regular
+    expression <code>[-+[:alnum:]]{3,6}</code> should match the
+    abbreviation.
+    This guarantees that all abbreviations could have been specified by a
+    POSIX <code>TZ</code> string.
+    </p>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
+    e.g., 'EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.
+    We assume that applications translate them to other languages
+    as part of the normal localization process; for example,
+    a French application might translate 'EST' to 'HNE'.
+
+    <p>
+    <small>These abbreviations (for standard/daylight/etc. time) are:
+      ACST/ACDT Australian Central,
+      AST/ADT/APT/AWT/ADDT Atlantic,
+      AEST/AEDT Australian Eastern,
+      AHST/AHDT Alaska-Hawaii,
+      AKST/AKDT Alaska,
+      AWST/AWDT Australian Western,
+      BST/BDT Bering,
+      CAT/CAST Central Africa,
+      CET/CEST/CEMT Central European,
+      ChST Chamorro,
+      CST/CDT/CWT/CPT/CDDT Central [North America],
+      CST/CDT China,
+      GMT/BST/IST/BDST Greenwich,
+      EAT East Africa,
+      EST/EDT/EWT/EPT/EDDT Eastern [North America],
+      EET/EEST Eastern European,
+      GST Guam,
+      HST/HDT Hawaii,
+      HKT/HKST Hong Kong,
+      IST India,
+      IST/GMT Irish,
+      IST/IDT/IDDT Israel,
+      JST/JDT Japan,
+      KST/KDT Korea,
+      MET/MEST Middle European (a backward-compatibility alias for
+	Central European),
+      MSK/MSD Moscow,
+      MST/MDT/MWT/MPT/MDDT Mountain,
+      NST/NDT/NWT/NPT/NDDT Newfoundland,
+      NST/NDT/NWT/NPT Nome,
+      NZMT/NZST New Zealand through 1945,
+      NZST/NZDT New Zealand 1946–present,
+      PKT/PKST Pakistan,
+      PST/PDT/PWT/PPT/PDDT Pacific,
+      SAST South Africa,
+      SST Samoa,
+      WAT/WAST West Africa,
+      WET/WEST/WEMT Western European,
+      WIB Waktu Indonesia Barat,
+      WIT Waktu Indonesia Timur,
+      WITA Waktu Indonesia Tengah,
+      YST/YDT/YWT/YPT/YDDT Yukon</small>.
+    </p>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <p>
+    For times taken from a city's longitude, use the
+    traditional <var>x</var>MT notation.
+    The only abbreviation like this in current use is '<abbr>GMT</abbr>'.
+    The others are for timestamps before 1960,
+    except that Monrovia Mean Time persisted until 1972.
+    Typically, numeric abbreviations (e.g., '<code>-</code>004430' for
+    MMT) would cause trouble here, as the numeric strings would exceed
+    the POSIX length limit.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    <small>These abbreviations are:
+      AMT Amsterdam, Asunción, Athens;
+      BMT Baghdad, Bangkok, Batavia, Bern, Bogotá, Bridgetown, Brussels,
+	Bucharest;
+      CMT Calamarca, Caracas, Chisinau, Colón, Copenhagen, Córdoba;
+      DMT Dublin/Dunsink;
+      EMT Easter;
+      FFMT Fort-de-France;
+      FMT Funchal;
+      GMT Greenwich;
+      HMT Havana, Helsinki, Horta, Howrah;
+      IMT Irkutsk, Istanbul;
+      JMT Jerusalem;
+      KMT Kaunas, Kiev, Kingston;
+      LMT Lima, Lisbon, local, Luanda;
+      MMT Macassar, Madras, Malé, Managua, Minsk, Monrovia, Montevideo,
+	Moratuwa, Moscow;
+      PLMT Phù Liễn;
+      PMT Paramaribo, Paris, Perm, Pontianak, Prague;
+      PMMT Port Moresby;
+      QMT Quito;
+      RMT Rangoon, Riga, Rome;
+      SDMT Santo Domingo;
+      SJMT San José;
+      SMT Santiago, Simferopol, Singapore, Stanley;
+      TBMT Tbilisi;
+      TMT Tallinn, Tehran;
+      WMT Warsaw</small>.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    <small>A few abbreviations also follow the pattern that
+    <abbr>GMT<abbr>/<abbr>BST</abbr> established for time in the UK.
+    They are:
+      CMT/BST for Calamarca Mean Time and Bolivian Summer Time
+	1890–1932,
+      DMT/IST for Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time and Irish Summer Time
+	1880–1916,
+      MMT/MST/MDST for Moscow 1880–1919, and
+      RMT/LST for Riga Mean Time and Latvian Summer time 1880–1926.
+    An extra-special case is SET for Swedish Time (<em>svensk
+    normaltid</em>) 1879–1899, 3° west of the Stockholm
+    Observatory.</small>
+    </p>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use '<abbr>LMT</abbr>' for local mean time of locations before the
+    introduction of standard time; see "<a href="#scope">Scope of the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database</a>".
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    If there is no common English abbreviation, use numeric offsets like
+    <code>-</code>05 and <code>+</code>0830 that are generated
+    by <code>zic</code>'s <code>%z</code> notation.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use current abbreviations for older timestamps to avoid confusion.
+    For example, in 1910 a common English abbreviation for time
+    in central Europe was 'MEZ' (short for both "Middle European
+    Zone" and for "Mitteleuropäische Zeit" in German).
+    Nowadays 'CET' ("Central European Time") is more common in
+    English, and the database uses 'CET' even for circa-1910
+    timestamps as this is less confusing for modern users and avoids
+    the need for determining when 'CET' supplanted 'MEZ' in common
+    usage.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use a consistent style in a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region's history.
+    For example, if history tends to use numeric
+    abbreviations and a particular entry could go either way, use a
+    numeric abbreviation.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Use
+    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Time">Universal Time</a>
+    (<abbr>UT</abbr>) (with time zone abbreviation '<code>-</code>00') for
+    locations while uninhabited.
+    The leading '<code>-</code>' is a flag that the <abbr>UT</abbr> offset is in
+    some sense undefined; this notation is derived
+    from <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339">Internet
+    <abbr title="Request For Comments">RFC 3339</a>.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+Application writers should note that these abbreviations are ambiguous
+in practice: e.g., 'CST' means one thing in China and something else
+in North America, and 'IST' can refer to time in India, Ireland or
+Israel.
+To avoid ambiguity, use numeric <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets like
+'<code>-</code>0600' instead of time zone abbreviations like 'CST'.
+</p>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="accuracy">Accuracy of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database</h2>
+<p>
+The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database is not authoritative, and it
+surely has errors.
+Corrections are welcome and encouraged; see the file <code>CONTRIBUTING</code>.
+Users requiring authoritative data should consult national standards
+bodies and the references cited in the database's comments.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Errors in the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database arise from many sources:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database predicts future
+    timestamps, and current predictions
+    will be incorrect after future governments change the rules.
+    For example, if today someone schedules a meeting for 13:00 next
+    October 1, Casablanca time, and tomorrow Morocco changes its
+    daylight saving rules, software can mess up after the rule change
+    if it blithely relies on conversions made before the change.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The pre-1970 entries in this database cover only a tiny sliver of how
+    clocks actually behaved; the vast majority of the necessary
+    information was lost or never recorded.
+    Thousands more <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions would be needed if
+    the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database's scope were extended to
+    cover even just the known or guessed history of standard time; for
+    example, the current single entry for France would need to split
+    into dozens of entries, perhaps hundreds.
+    And in most of the world even this approach would be misleading
+    due to widespread disagreement or indifference about what times
+    should be observed.
+    In her 2015 book
+    <cite><a
+    href="http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674286146">The
+    Global Transformation of Time, 1870–1950</a></cite>,
+    Vanessa Ogle writes
+    "Outside of Europe and North America there was no system of time
+    zones at all, often not even a stable landscape of mean times,
+    prior to the middle decades of the twentieth century".
+    See: Timothy Shenk, <a
+href="https://www.dissentmagazine.org/blog/booked-a-global-history-of-time-vanessa-ogle">Booked:
+      A Global History of Time</a>. <cite>Dissent</cite> 2015-12-17.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Most of the pre-1970 data entries come from unreliable sources, often
+    astrology books that lack citations and whose compilers evidently
+    invented entries when the true facts were unknown, without
+    reporting which entries were known and which were invented.
+    These books often contradict each other or give implausible entries,
+    and on the rare occasions when they are checked they are
+    typically found to be incorrect.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    For the UK the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database relies on
+    years of first-class work done by
+    Joseph Myers and others; see
+    "<a href="https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/">History of
+    legal time in Britain</a>".
+    Other countries are not done nearly as well.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Sometimes, different people in the same city maintain clocks
+    that differ significantly.
+    Historically, railway time was used by railroad companies (which
+    did not always
+    agree with each other), church-clock time was used for birth
+    certificates, etc.
+    More recently, competing political groups might disagree about
+    clock settings. Often this is merely common practice, but
+    sometimes it is set by law.
+    For example, from 1891 to 1911 the <abbr>UT</abbr> offset in France
+    was legally <abbr>UT</abbr> +00:09:21 outside train stations and
+    <abbr>UT</abbr> +00:04:21 inside. Other examples include
+    Chillicothe in 1920, Palm Springs in 1946/7, and Jerusalem and
+    Ürümqi to this day.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Although a named location in the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+    database stands for the containing region, its pre-1970 data
+    entries are often accurate for only a small subset of that region.
+    For example, <code>Europe/London</code> stands for the United
+    Kingdom, but its pre-1847 times are valid only for locations that
+    have London's exact meridian, and its 1847 transition
+    to <abbr>GMT</abbr> is known to be valid only for the L&NW and
+    the Caledonian railways.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database does not record the
+    earliest time for which a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region's
+    data entries are thereafter valid for every location in the region.
+    For example, <code>Europe/London</code> is valid for all locations
+    in its region after <abbr>GMT</abbr> was made the standard time,
+    but the date of standardization (1880-08-02) is not in the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database, other than in commentary.
+    For many <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions the earliest time of
+    validity is unknown.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database does not record a
+    region's boundaries, and in many cases the boundaries are not known.
+    For example, the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region
+    <code>America/Kentucky/Louisville</code> represents a region
+    around the city of Louisville, the boundaries of which are
+    unclear.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Changes that are modeled as instantaneous transitions in the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+    database were often spread out over hours, days, or even decades.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Even if the time is specified by law, locations sometimes
+    deliberately flout the law.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Early timekeeping practices, even assuming perfect clocks, were
+    often not specified to the accuracy that the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database requires.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Sometimes historical timekeeping was specified more precisely
+    than what the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code can handle.
+    For example, from 1909 to 1937 <a
+    href="https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm"
+    hreflang="nl">Netherlands clocks</a> were legally Amsterdam Mean
+    Time (estimated to be <abbr>UT</abbr>
+    +00:19:32.13), but the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+    code cannot represent the fractional second.
+    In practice these old specifications were rarely if ever
+    implemented to subsecond precision.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Even when all the timestamp transitions recorded by the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database are correct, the
+    <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> rules that generate them may not
+    faithfully reflect the historical rules.
+    For example, from 1922 until World War II the UK moved clocks
+    forward the day following the third Saturday in April unless that
+    was Easter, in which case it moved clocks forward the previous
+    Sunday.
+    Because the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database has no
+    way to specify Easter, these exceptional years are entered as
+    separate <code><abbr>tz</abbr> Rule</code> lines, even though the
+    legal rules did not change.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database models pre-standard time
+    using the <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar">proleptic
+    Gregorian calendar</a> and local mean time, but many people used
+    other calendars and other timescales.
+    For example, the Roman Empire used
+    the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar">Julian
+    calendar</a>,
+    and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_timekeeping">Roman
+    timekeeping</a> had twelve varying-length daytime hours with a
+    non-hour-based system at night.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Early clocks were less reliable, and data entries do not represent
+    clock error.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database assumes Universal Time
+    (<abbr>UT</abbr>) as an origin, even though <abbr>UT</abbr> is not
+    standardized for older timestamps.
+    In the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database commentary,
+    <abbr>UT</abbr> denotes a family of time standards that includes
+    Coordinated Universal Time (<abbr>UTC</abbr>) along with other
+    variants such as <abbr>UT1</abbr> and <abbr>GMT</abbr>,
+    with days starting at midnight.
+    Although <abbr>UT</abbr> equals <abbr>UTC</abbr> for modern
+    timestamps, <abbr>UTC</abbr> was not defined until 1960, so
+    commentary uses the more-general abbreviation <abbr>UT</abbr> for
+    timestamps that might predate 1960.
+    Since <abbr>UT</abbr>, <abbr>UT1</abbr>, etc. disagree slightly,
+    and since pre-1972 <abbr>UTC</abbr> seconds varied in length,
+    interpretation of older timestamps can be problematic when
+    subsecond accuracy is needed.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Civil time was not based on atomic time before 1972, and we do not
+    know the history of
+    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_rotation">earth's
+    rotation</a> accurately enough to map <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units"><abbr
+    title="International System of Units">SI</abbr></a> seconds to
+    historical <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_time">solar time</a>
+    to more than about one-hour accuracy.
+    See: Stephenson FR, Morrison LV, Hohenkerk CY.
+    <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0404">Measurement of
+    the Earth's rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015</a>.
+    <cite>Proc Royal Soc A</cite>. 2016 Dec 7;472:20160404.
+    Also see: Espenak F. <a
+    href="https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/uncertainty2004.html">Uncertainty
+    in Delta T (ΔT)</a>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The relationship between POSIX time (that is, <abbr>UTC</abbr> but
+    ignoring <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_second">leap
+    seconds</a>) and <abbr>UTC</abbr> is not agreed upon after 1972.
+    Although the POSIX
+    clock officially stops during an inserted leap second, at least one
+    proposed standard has it jumping back a second instead; and in
+    practice POSIX clocks more typically either progress glacially during
+    a leap second, or are slightly slowed while near a leap second.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database does not represent how
+    uncertain its information is.
+    Ideally it would contain information about when data entries are
+    incomplete or dicey.
+    Partial temporal knowledge is a field of active research, though,
+    and it is not clear how to apply it here.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+In short, many, perhaps most, of the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>
+database's pre-1970 and future timestamps are either wrong or
+misleading.
+Any attempt to pass the
+<code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database off as the definition of time
+should be unacceptable to anybody who cares about the facts.
+In particular, the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database's
+<abbr>LMT</abbr> offsets should not be considered meaningful, and
+should not prompt creation of <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions
+merely because two locations
+differ in <abbr>LMT</abbr> or transitioned to standard time at
+different dates.
+</p>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="functions">Time and date functions</h2>
+<p>
+The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code contains time and date functions
+that are upwards compatible with those of POSIX.
+Code compatible with this package is already
+<a href="tz-link.html#tzdb">part of many platforms</a>, where the
+primary use of this package is to update obsolete time-related files.
+To do this, you may need to compile the time zone compiler
+'<code>zic</code>' supplied with this package instead of using the
+system '<code>zic</code>', since the format of <code>zic</code>'s
+input is occasionally extended, and a platform may still be shipping
+an older <code>zic</code>.
+</p>
+
+<h3 id="POSIX">POSIX properties and limitations</h3>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <p>
+    In POSIX, time display in a process is controlled by the
+    environment variable <code>TZ</code>.
+    Unfortunately, the POSIX
+    <code>TZ</code> string takes a form that is hard to describe and
+    is error-prone in practice.
+    Also, POSIX <code>TZ</code> strings cannot deal with daylight
+    saving time rules not based on the Gregorian calendar (as in
+    Iran), or with situations where more than two time zone
+    abbreviations or <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets are used in an area.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    The POSIX <code>TZ</code> string takes the following form:
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    <var>stdoffset</var>[<var>dst</var>[<var>offset</var>][<code>,</code><var>date</var>[<code>/</code><var>time</var>]<code>,</code><var>date</var>[<code>/</code><var>time</var>]]]
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+    where:
+    </p>
+
+    <dl>
+      <dt><var>std</var> and <var>dst</var></dt><dd>
+	are 3 or more characters specifying the standard
+	and daylight saving time (<abbr>DST</abbr>) zone names.
+	Starting with POSIX.1-2001, <var>std</var> and <var>dst</var>
+	may also be in a quoted form like '<code><+09></code>';
+	this allows "<code>+</code>" and "<code>-</code>" in the names.
+      </dd>
+      <dt><var>offset</var></dt><dd>
+	is of the form
+	'<code>[±]<var>hh</var>:[<var>mm</var>[:<var>ss</var>]]</code>'
+	and specifies the offset west of <abbr>UT</abbr>.
+	'<var>hh</var>' may be a single digit;
+	0≤<var>hh</var>≤24.
+	The default <abbr>DST</abbr> offset is one hour ahead of
+	standard time.
+      </dd>
+      <dt><var>date</var>[<code>/</code><var>time</var>]<code>,</code><var>date</var>[<code>/</code><var>time</var>]</dt><dd>
+	specifies the beginning and end of <abbr>DST</abbr>.
+	If this is absent, the system supplies its own ruleset
+	for <abbr>DST</abbr>, and its rules can differ from year to year;
+	typically <abbr>US</abbr> <abbr>DST</abbr> rules are used.
+      </dd>
+      <dt><var>time</var></dt><dd>
+	takes the form
+	'<var>hh</var><code>:</code>[<var>mm</var>[<code>:</code><var>ss</var>]]'
+	and defaults to 02:00.
+	This is the same format as the offset, except that a
+	leading '<code>+</code>' or '<code>-</code>' is not allowed.
+      </dd>
+      <dt><var>date</var></dt><dd>
+	takes one of the following forms:
+	<dl>
+	  <dt>J<var>n</var> (1≤<var>n</var>≤365)</dt><dd>
+	    origin-1 day number not counting February 29
+	  </dd>
+	  <dt><var>n</var> (0≤<var>n</var>≤365)</dt><dd>
+	    origin-0 day number counting February 29 if present
+	  </dd>
+	  <dt><code>M</code><var>m</var><code>.</code><var>n</var><code>.</code><var>d</var>
+	    (0[Sunday]≤<var>d</var>≤6[Saturday], 1≤<var>n</var>≤5,
+	    1≤<var>m</var>≤12)</dt><dd>
+	    for the <var>d</var>th day of week <var>n</var> of
+	    month <var>m</var> of the year, where week 1 is the first
+	    week in which day <var>d</var> appears, and
+	    '<code>5</code>' stands for the last week in which
+	    day <var>d</var> appears (which may be either the 4th or
+	    5th week).
+	    Typically, this is the only useful form; the <var>n</var>
+	    and <code>J</code><var>n</var> forms are rarely used.
+	  </dd>
+	</dl>
+      </dd>
+    </dl>
+
+    <p>
+    Here is an example POSIX <code>TZ</code> string for New
+    Zealand after 2007.
+    It says that standard time (<abbr>NZST</abbr>) is 12 hours ahead
+    of <abbr>UT</abbr>, and that daylight saving time
+    (<abbr>NZDT</abbr>) is observed from September's last Sunday at
+    02:00 until April's first Sunday at 03:00:
+    </p>
+
+    <pre><code>TZ='NZST-12NZDT,M9.5.0,M4.1.0/3'</code></pre>
+
+    <p>
+    This POSIX <code>TZ</code> string is hard to remember, and
+    mishandles some timestamps before 2008.
+    With this package you can use this instead:
+    </p>
+
+    <pre><code>TZ='Pacific/Auckland'</code></pre>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    POSIX does not define the exact meaning of <code>TZ</code> values like
+    "<code>EST5EDT</code>".
+    Typically the current <abbr>US</abbr> <abbr>DST</abbr> rules
+    are used to interpret such values, but this means that the
+    <abbr>US</abbr> <abbr>DST</abbr> rules are compiled into each
+    program that does time conversion.
+    This means that when
+    <abbr>US</abbr> time conversion rules change (as in the United
+    States in 1987), all programs that do time conversion must be
+    recompiled to ensure proper results.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code>TZ</code> environment variable is process-global, which
+    makes it hard to write efficient, thread-safe applications that
+    need access to multiple time zone rulesets.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    In POSIX, there is no tamper-proof way for a process to learn the
+    system's best idea of local wall clock.
+    (This is important for applications that an administrator wants
+    used only at certain times – without regard to whether the
+    user has fiddled the
+    <code>TZ</code> environment variable.
+    While an administrator can "do everything in <abbr>UT</abbr>" to
+    get around the problem, doing so is inconvenient and precludes
+    handling daylight saving time shifts - as might be required to
+    limit phone calls to off-peak hours.)
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    POSIX provides no convenient and efficient way to determine
+    the <abbr>UT</abbr> offset and time zone abbreviation of arbitrary
+    timestamps, particularly for <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions
+    that do not fit into the POSIX model.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    POSIX requires that systems ignore leap seconds.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code attempts to support all the
+    <code>time_t</code> implementations allowed by POSIX.
+    The <code>time_t</code> type represents a nonnegative count of seconds
+    since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 <abbr>UTC</abbr>, ignoring leap seconds.
+    In practice, <code>time_t</code> is usually a signed 64- or 32-bit
+    integer; 32-bit signed <code>time_t</code> values stop working after
+    2038-01-19 03:14:07 <abbr>UTC</abbr>, so new implementations these
+    days typically use a signed 64-bit integer.
+    Unsigned 32-bit integers are used on one or two platforms, and 36-bit
+    and 40-bit integers are also used occasionally.
+    Although earlier POSIX versions allowed <code>time_t</code> to be a
+    floating-point type, this was not supported by any practical systems,
+    and POSIX.1-2013 and the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code both
+    require <code>time_t</code> to be an integer type.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="POSIX-extensions">Extensions to POSIX in the
+<code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code</h3>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <p>
+    The <code>TZ</code> environment variable is used in generating
+    the name of a binary file from which time-related information is read
+    (or is interpreted à la POSIX); <code>TZ</code> is no longer
+    constrained to be a three-letter time zone
+    abbreviation followed by a number of hours and an optional three-letter
+    daylight time zone abbreviation.
+    The daylight saving time rules to be used for a
+    particular <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region are encoded in the
+    binary file; the format of the file
+    allows U.S., Australian, and other rules to be encoded, and
+    allows for situations where more than two time zone
+    abbreviations are used.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+    It was recognized that allowing the <code>TZ</code> environment
+    variable to take on values such as '<code>America/New_York</code>'
+    might cause "old" programs (that expect <code>TZ</code> to have a
+    certain form) to operate incorrectly; consideration was given to using
+    some other environment variable (for example, <code>TIMEZONE</code>)
+    to hold the string used to generate the binary file's name.
+    In the end, however, it was decided to continue using
+    <code>TZ</code>: it is widely used for time zone purposes;
+    separately maintaining both <code>TZ</code>
+    and <code>TIMEZONE</code> seemed a nuisance; and systems where
+    "new" forms of <code>TZ</code> might cause problems can simply
+    use <code>TZ</code> values such as "<code>EST5EDT</code>" which
+    can be used both by "new" programs (à la POSIX) and "old"
+    programs (as zone names and offsets).
+    </p>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The code supports platforms with a <abbr>UT</abbr> offset member
+    in <code>struct tm</code>, e.g., <code>tm_gmtoff</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The code supports platforms with a time zone abbreviation member in
+    <code>struct tm</code>, e.g., <code>tm_zone</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Functions <code>tzalloc</code>, <code>tzfree</code>,
+    <code>localtime_rz</code>, and <code>mktime_z</code> for
+    more-efficient thread-safe applications that need to use multiple
+    time zone rulesets.
+    The <code>tzalloc</code> and <code>tzfree</code> functions
+    allocate and free objects of type <code>timezone_t</code>,
+    and <code>localtime_rz</code> and <code>mktime_z</code> are
+    like <code>localtime_r</code> and <code>mktime</code> with an
+    extra <code>timezone_t</code> argument.
+    The functions were inspired by <a href="https://netbsd.org/">NetBSD</a>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    A function <code>tzsetwall</code> has been added to arrange for the
+    system's best approximation to local wall clock time to be delivered
+    by subsequent calls to <code>localtime</code>.
+    Source code for portable applications that "must" run on local wall
+    clock time should call <code>tzsetwall</code>;
+    if such code is moved to "old" systems that do not
+    provide <code>tzsetwall</code>, you will not be able to generate an
+    executable program.
+    (These functions also arrange for local wall clock time to
+    be used if <code>tzset</code> is called – directly or
+    indirectly – and there is no <code>TZ</code> environment
+    variable; portable applications should not, however, rely on this
+    behavior since it is not the way <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX_System_V#SVR2"><abbr>SVR2</abbr></a>
+    systems behave.)
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Negative <code>time_t</code> values are supported, on systems
+    where <code>time_t</code> is signed.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    These functions can account for leap seconds, thanks to Bradley White.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="vestigial">POSIX features no longer needed</h3>
+<p>
+POSIX and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_C"><abbr>ISO</abbr> C</a>
+define some <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API"><abbr
+title="application programming interface">API</abbr>s</a> that are vestigial:
+they are not needed, and are relics of a too-simple model that does
+not suffice to handle many real-world timestamps.
+Although the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code supports these
+vestigial <abbr>API</abbr>s for backwards compatibility, they should
+be avoided in portable applications.
+The vestigial <abbr>API</abbr>s are:
+</p>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    The POSIX <code>tzname</code> variable does not suffice and is no
+    longer needed.
+    To get a timestamp's time zone abbreviation, consult
+    the <code>tm_zone</code> member if available; otherwise,
+    use <code>strftime</code>'s <code>"%Z"</code> conversion
+    specification.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The POSIX <code>daylight</code> and <code>timezone</code>
+    variables do not suffice and are no longer needed.
+    To get a timestamp's <abbr>UT</abbr> offset, consult
+    the <code>tm_gmtoff</code> member if available; otherwise,
+    subtract values returned by <code>localtime</code>
+    and <code>gmtime</code> using the rules of the Gregorian calendar,
+    or use <code>strftime</code>'s <code>"%z"</code> conversion
+    specification if a string like <code>"+0900"</code> suffices.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <code>tm_isdst</code> member is almost never needed and most of
+    its uses should be discouraged in favor of the abovementioned
+    <abbr>API</abbr>s.
+    Although it can still be used in arguments to
+    <code>mktime</code> to disambiguate timestamps near
+    a <abbr>DST</abbr> transition when the clock jumps back, this
+    disambiguation does not work when standard time itself jumps back,
+    which can occur when a location changes to a time zone with a
+    lesser <abbr>UT</abbr> offset.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="other-portability">Other portability notes</h3>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Version_7_Unix">7th Edition
+    UNIX</a> <code>timezone</code> function is not present in this
+    package; it is impossible to reliably map <code>timezone</code>'s
+    arguments (a "minutes west of <abbr>GMT</abbr>" value and a
+    "daylight saving time in effect" flag) to a time zone
+    abbreviation, and we refuse to guess.
+    Programs that in the past used the <code>timezone</code> function
+    may now examine <code>localtime(&clock)->tm_zone</code>
+    (if <code>TM_ZONE</code> is defined) or
+    <code>tzname[localtime(&clock)->tm_isdst]</code>
+    (if <code>HAVE_TZNAME</code> is defined) to learn the correct time
+    zone abbreviation to use.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The <a
+    href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Berkeley_Software_Distribution#4.2BSD"><abbr>4.2BSD</abbr></a>
+    <code>gettimeofday</code> function is not
+    used in this package.
+    This formerly let users obtain the current <abbr>UTC</abbr> offset
+    and <abbr>DST</abbr> flag, but this functionality was removed in
+    later versions of <abbr>BSD</abbr>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    In <abbr>SVR2</abbr>, time conversion fails for near-minimum or
+    near-maximum <code>time_t</code> values when doing conversions
+    for places that do not use <abbr>UT</abbr>.
+    This package takes care to do these conversions correctly.
+    A comment in the source code tells how to get compatibly wrong
+    results.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The functions that are conditionally compiled
+    if <code>STD_INSPIRED</code> is defined should, at this point, be
+    looked on primarily as food for thought.
+    They are not in any sense "standard compatible" – some are
+    not, in fact, specified in <em>any</em> standard.
+    They do, however, represent responses of various authors to
+    standardization proposals.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Other time conversion proposals, in particular the one developed
+    by folks at Hewlett Packard, offer a wider selection of functions
+    that provide capabilities beyond those provided here.
+    The absence of such functions from this package is not meant to
+    discourage the development, standardization, or use of such
+    functions.
+    Rather, their absence reflects the decision to make this package
+    contain valid extensions to POSIX, to ensure its broad
+    acceptability.
+    If more powerful time conversion functions can be standardized, so
+    much the better.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="stability">Interface stability</h2>
+<p>
+The <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> code and data supply the following interfaces:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    A set of <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region names as per
+      "<a href="#naming">Names of time zone rulesets</a>" above.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Library functions described in "<a href="#functions">Time and date
+      functions</a>" above.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The programs <code>tzselect</code>, <code>zdump</code>,
+    and <code>zic</code>, documented in their man pages.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The format of <code>zic</code> input files, documented in
+    the <code>zic</code> man page.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The format of <code>zic</code> output files, documented in
+    the <code>tzfile</code> man page.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The format of zone table files, documented in <code>zone1970.tab</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The format of the country code file, documented in <code>iso3166.tab</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    The version number of the code and data, as the first line of
+    the text file '<code>version</code>' in each release.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>
+Interface changes in a release attempt to preserve compatibility with
+recent releases.
+For example, <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> data files typically do not
+rely on recently-added <code>zic</code> features, so that users can
+run older <code>zic</code> versions to process newer data files.
+<a href="tz-link.html#download">Downloading
+the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database</a> describes how releases
+are tagged and distributed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Interfaces not listed above are less stable.
+For example, users should not rely on particular <abbr>UT</abbr>
+offsets or abbreviations for timestamps, as data entries are often
+based on guesswork and these guesses may be corrected or improved.
+</p>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="calendar">Calendrical issues</h2>
+<p>
+Calendrical issues are a bit out of scope for a time zone database,
+but they indicate the sort of problems that we would run into if we
+extended the time zone database further into the past.
+An excellent resource in this area is Edward M. Reingold
+and Nachum Dershowitz, <cite><a
+href="https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition">Calendrical
+Calculations: The Ultimate Edition</a></cite>, Cambridge University Press (2018).
+Other information and sources are given in the file '<code>calendars</code>'
+in the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> distribution.
+They sometimes disagree.
+</p>
+</section>
+
+<section>
+  <h2 id="planets">Time and time zones on other planets</h2>
+<p>
+Some people's work schedules
+use <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timekeeping on Mars">Mars time</a>.
+Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) coordinators kept Mars time on
+and off during the
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder#End_of_mission">Mars
+Pathfinder</a> mission.
+Some of their family members also adapted to Mars time.
+Dozens of special Mars watches were built for JPL workers who kept
+Mars time during the Mars Exploration Rovers mission (2004).
+These timepieces look like normal Seikos and Citizens but use Mars
+seconds rather than terrestrial seconds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A Mars solar day is called a "sol" and has a mean period equal to
+about 24 hours 39 minutes 35.244 seconds in terrestrial time.
+It is divided into a conventional 24-hour clock, so each Mars second
+equals about 1.02749125 terrestrial seconds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian">prime
+meridian</a> of Mars goes through the center of the crater
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airy-0">Airy-0</a>, named in
+honor of the British astronomer who built the Greenwich telescope that
+defines Earth's prime meridian.
+Mean solar time on the Mars prime meridian is
+called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Coordinated_Time">Mars
+Coordinated Time (<abbr>MTC</abbr>)</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Each landed mission on Mars has adopted a different reference for
+solar time keeping, so there is no real standard for Mars time zones.
+For example, the
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover">Mars
+Exploration Rover</a> project (2004) defined two time zones "Local
+Solar Time A" and "Local Solar Time B" for its two missions, each zone
+designed so that its time equals local true solar time at
+approximately the middle of the nominal mission.
+Such a "time zone" is not particularly suited for any application
+other than the mission itself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many calendars have been proposed for Mars, but none have achieved
+wide acceptance.
+Astronomers often use Mars Sol Date (<abbr>MSD</abbr>) which is a
+sequential count of Mars solar days elapsed since about 1873-12-29
+12:00 <abbr>GMT</abbr>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In our solar system, Mars is the planet with time and calendar most
+like Earth's.
+On other planets, Sun-based time and calendars would work quite
+differently.
+For example, although Mercury's
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_period">sidereal
+rotation period</a> is 58.646 Earth days, Mercury revolves around the
+Sun so rapidly that an observer on Mercury's equator would see a
+sunrise only every 175.97 Earth days, i.e., a Mercury year is 0.5 of a
+Mercury day.
+Venus is more complicated, partly because its rotation is slightly
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_motion">retrograde</a>:
+its year is 1.92 of its days.
+Gas giants like Jupiter are trickier still, as their polar and
+equatorial regions rotate at different rates, so that the length of a
+day depends on latitude.
+This effect is most pronounced on Neptune, where the day is about 12
+hours at the poles and 18 hours at the equator.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Although the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database does not support
+time on other planets, it is documented here in the hopes that support
+will be added eventually.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Sources for time on other planets:
+</p>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    Michael Allison and Robert Schmunk,
+    "<a href="https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html">Technical
+      Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock</a>"
+    (2015-06-30).
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Jia-Rui Chong,
+    "<a href="http://articles.latimes.com/2004/jan/14/science/sci-marstime14">Workdays
+    Fit for a Martian</a>", <cite>Los Angeles Times</cite>
+    (2004-01-14), pp A1, A20–A21.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Tom Chmielewski,
+    "<a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/02/jet-lag-is-worse-on-mars/386033/">Jet
+    Lag Is Worse on Mars</a>", <cite>The Atlantic</cite> (2015-02-26)
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    Matt Williams,
+    "<a href="https://www.universetoday.com/37481/days-of-the-planets/">How
+    long is a day on the other planets of the solar system?</a>"
+    (2017-04-27).
+  </li>
+</ul>
+</section>
+
+<footer>
+  <hr>
+  This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by
+  Arthur David Olson.
+</footer>
+</body>
+</html>

Added: vendor/tzdata/dist/version
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/version	                        (rev 0)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/version	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2018e

Added: vendor/tzdata/dist/ziguard.awk
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/ziguard.awk	                        (rev 0)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/ziguard.awk	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# Convert tzdata source into vanguard or rearguard form.
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.  This file is in the public domain.
+
+# This is not a general-purpose converter; it is designed for current tzdata.
+#
+# When converting to vanguard form, the output can use negative SAVE
+# values.
+#
+# When converting to rearguard form, the output uses only nonnegative
+# SAVE values.  The idea is for the output data to simulate the behavior
+# of the input data as best it can within the constraints of the
+# rearguard format.
+
+BEGIN {
+  dataform_type["vanguard"] = 1
+  dataform_type["main"] = 1
+  dataform_type["rearguard"] = 1
+
+  # The command line should set DATAFORM.
+  if (!dataform_type[DATAFORM]) exit 1
+  vanguard = DATAFORM == "vanguard"
+}
+
+/^Zone/ { zone = $2 }
+
+DATAFORM != "main" {
+  in_comment = /^#/
+  uncomment = comment_out = 0
+
+  # If the line should differ due to Czechoslovakia using negative SAVE values,
+  # uncomment the desired version and comment out the undesired one.
+  if (zone == "Europe/Prague" && /1947 Feb 23/) {
+    if (($(in_comment + 2) != "-") == vanguard) {
+      uncomment = in_comment
+    } else {
+      comment_out = !in_comment
+    }
+  }
+
+  # If this line should differ due to Ireland using negative SAVE values,
+  # uncomment the desired version and comment out the undesired one.
+  Rule_Eire = /^#?Rule[\t ]+Eire[\t ]/
+  Zone_Dublin_post_1968 \
+    = (zone == "Europe/Dublin" && /^#?[\t ]+[01]:00[\t ]/ \
+       && (!$(in_comment + 4) || 1968 < $(in_comment + 4)))
+  if (Rule_Eire || Zone_Dublin_post_1968) {
+    if ((Rule_Eire \
+	 || (Zone_Dublin_post_1968 && $(in_comment + 3) == "IST/GMT"))	\
+	== vanguard) {
+      uncomment = in_comment
+    } else {
+      comment_out = !in_comment
+    }
+  }
+
+  # If this line should differ due to Namibia using Rule SAVE suffixes,
+  # uncomment the desired version and comment out the undesired one.
+  Rule_Namibia = /^#?Rule[\t ]+Namibia[\t ]/
+  Zone_using_Namibia_rule \
+    = (zone == "Africa/Windhoek" \
+       && ($(in_comment + 2) == "Namibia" \
+	   || (1994 <= $(in_comment + 4) && $(in_comment + 4) <= 2017) \
+	   || in_comment + 3 == NF))
+  if (Rule_Namibia || Zone_using_Namibia_rule) {
+      if ((Rule_Namibia \
+	   ? ($(in_comment + 9) ~ /^-/ \
+	      || ($(in_comment + 9) == 0 && $(in_comment + 10) == "CAT")) \
+	   : $(in_comment + 1) == "2:00" && $(in_comment + 2) == "Namibia") \
+	  == vanguard) {
+      uncomment = in_comment
+    } else {
+      comment_out = !in_comment
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (uncomment) {
+    sub(/^#/, "")
+  }
+  if (comment_out) {
+    sub(/^/, "#")
+  }
+}
+
+# If a Link line is followed by a Zone line for the same data, comment
+# out the Link line.  This can happen if backzone overrides a Link
+# with a Zone.
+/^Link/ {
+  linkline[$3] = NR
+}
+/^Zone/ {
+  sub(/^Link/, "#Link", line[linkline[$2]])
+}
+
+{ line[NR] = $0 }
+
+END {
+  for (i = 1; i <= NR; i++)
+    print line[i]
+}

Added: vendor/tzdata/dist/zishrink.awk
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/zishrink.awk	                        (rev 0)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/zishrink.awk	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# Convert tzdata source into a smaller version of itself.
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.  This file is in the public domain.
+
+# This is not a general-purpose converter; it is designed for current tzdata.
+# 'zic' should treat this script's output as if it were identical to
+# this script's input.
+
+
+# Return a new rule name.
+# N_RULE_NAMES keeps track of how many rule names have been generated.
+
+function gen_rule_name(alphabet, base, rule_name, n, digit)
+{
+  alphabet = ""
+  alphabet = alphabet "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+  alphabet = alphabet "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+  alphabet = alphabet "!$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~"
+  base = length(alphabet)
+  rule_name = ""
+  n = n_rule_names++
+
+  do {
+    n -= rule_name && n <= base
+    digit = n % base
+    rule_name = substr(alphabet, digit + 1, 1) rule_name
+    n = (n - digit) / base
+  } while (n);
+
+  return rule_name
+}
+
+# Process an input line and save it for later output.
+
+function process_input_line(line, field, end, i, n, startdef)
+{
+  # Remove comments, normalize spaces, and append a space to each line.
+  sub(/#.*/, "", line)
+  line = line " "
+  gsub(/[\t ]+/, " ", line)
+
+  # Abbreviate keywords.  Do not abbreviate "Link" to just "L",
+  # as pre-2017c zic erroneously diagnoses "Li" as ambiguous.
+  sub(/^Link /, "Li ", line)
+  sub(/^Rule /, "R ", line)
+  sub(/^Zone /, "Z ", line)
+
+  # SystemV rules are not needed.
+  if (line ~ /^R SystemV /) return
+
+  # Replace FooAsia rules with the same rules without "Asia", as they
+  # are duplicates.
+  if (match(line, /[^ ]Asia /)) {
+    if (line ~ /^R /) return
+    line = substr(line, 1, RSTART) substr(line, RSTART + 5)
+  }
+
+  # Abbreviate times.
+  while (match(line, /[: ]0+[0-9]/))
+    line = substr(line, 1, RSTART) substr(line, RSTART + RLENGTH - 1)
+  while (match(line, /:0[^:]/))
+    line = substr(line, 1, RSTART - 1) substr(line, RSTART + 2)
+
+  # Abbreviate weekday names.  Do not abbreviate "Sun" and "Sat", as
+  # pre-2017c zic erroneously diagnoses "Su" and "Sa" as ambiguous.
+  while (match(line, / (last)?(Mon|Wed|Fri)[ <>]/)) {
+    end = RSTART + RLENGTH
+    line = substr(line, 1, end - 4) substr(line, end - 1)
+  }
+  while (match(line, / (last)?(Tue|Thu)[ <>]/)) {
+    end = RSTART + RLENGTH
+    line = substr(line, 1, end - 3) substr(line, end - 1)
+  }
+
+  # Abbreviate "max", "only" and month names.
+  # Do not abbreviate "min", as pre-2017c zic erroneously diagnoses "mi"
+  # as ambiguous.
+  gsub(/ max /, " ma ", line)
+  gsub(/ only /, " o ", line)
+  gsub(/ Jan /, " Ja ", line)
+  gsub(/ Feb /, " F ", line)
+  gsub(/ Apr /, " Ap ", line)
+  gsub(/ Aug /, " Au ", line)
+  gsub(/ Sep /, " S ", line)
+  gsub(/ Oct /, " O ", line)
+  gsub(/ Nov /, " N ", line)
+  gsub(/ Dec /, " D ", line)
+
+  # Strip leading and trailing space.
+  sub(/^ /, "", line)
+  sub(/ $/, "", line)
+
+  # Remove unnecessary trailing zero fields.
+  sub(/ 0+$/, "", line)
+
+  # Remove unnecessary trailing days-of-month "1".
+  if (match(line, /[A-Za-z] 1$/))
+    line = substr(line, 1, RSTART)
+
+  # Remove unnecessary trailing " Ja" (for January).
+  sub(/ Ja$/, "", line)
+
+  n = split(line, field)
+
+  # Abbreviate rule names.
+  i = field[1] == "Z" ? 4 : field[1] == "Li" ? 0 : 2
+  if (i && field[i] ~ /^[^-+0-9]/) {
+    if (!rule[field[i]])
+      rule[field[i]] = gen_rule_name()
+    field[i] = rule[field[i]]
+  }
+
+  # If this zone supersedes an earlier one, delete the earlier one
+  # from the saved output lines.
+  startdef = ""
+  if (field[1] == "Z")
+    zonename = startdef = field[2]
+  else if (field[1] == "Li")
+    zonename = startdef = field[3]
+  else if (field[1] == "R")
+    zonename = ""
+  if (startdef) {
+    i = zonedef[startdef]
+    if (i) {
+      do
+	output_line[i - 1] = ""
+      while (output_line[i++] ~ /^[-+0-9]/);
+    }
+  }
+  zonedef[zonename] = nout + 1
+
+  # Save the line for later output.
+  line = field[1]
+  for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+    line = line " " field[i]
+  output_line[nout++] = line
+}
+
+function output_saved_lines(i)
+{
+  for (i = 0; i < nout; i++)
+    if (output_line[i])
+      print output_line[i]
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+  print "# version", version
+  print "# This zic input file is in the public domain."
+}
+
+/^[\t ]*[^#\t ]/ {
+  process_input_line($0)
+}
+
+END {
+  output_saved_lines()
+}

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/zone.tab
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/zone.tab	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/zone.tab	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@
 CI	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
 CK	-2114-15946	Pacific/Rarotonga
 CL	-3327-07040	America/Santiago	Chile (most areas)
+CL	-5309-07055	America/Punta_Arenas	Region of Magallanes
 CL	-2709-10926	Pacific/Easter	Easter Island
 CM	+0403+00942	Africa/Douala
 CN	+3114+12128	Asia/Shanghai	Beijing Time
@@ -152,7 +153,8 @@
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
 CW	+1211-06900	America/Curacao
 CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
-CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia
+CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
+CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
 DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas)
 DE	+4742+00841	Europe/Busingen	Busingen
@@ -184,7 +186,7 @@
 GD	+1203-06145	America/Grenada
 GE	+4143+04449	Asia/Tbilisi
 GF	+0456-05220	America/Cayenne
-GG	+4927-00232	Europe/Guernsey
+GG	+492717-0023210	Europe/Guernsey
 GH	+0533-00013	Africa/Accra
 GI	+3608-00521	Europe/Gibraltar
 GL	+6411-05144	America/Godthab	Greenland (most areas)
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@
 IR	+3540+05126	Asia/Tehran
 IS	+6409-02151	Atlantic/Reykjavik
 IT	+4154+01229	Europe/Rome
-JE	+4912-00207	Europe/Jersey
+JE	+491101-0020624	Europe/Jersey
 JM	+175805-0764736	America/Jamaica
 JO	+3157+03556	Asia/Amman
 JP	+353916+1394441	Asia/Tokyo
@@ -238,7 +240,8 @@
 KZ	+4315+07657	Asia/Almaty	Kazakhstan (most areas)
 KZ	+4448+06528	Asia/Qyzylorda	Qyzylorda/Kyzylorda/Kzyl-Orda
 KZ	+5017+05710	Asia/Aqtobe	Aqtobe/Aktobe
-KZ	+4431+05016	Asia/Aqtau	Atyrau/Atirau/Gur'yev, Mangghystau/Mankistau
+KZ	+4431+05016	Asia/Aqtau	Mangghystau/Mankistau
+KZ	+4707+05156	Asia/Atyrau	Atyrau/Atirau/Gur'yev
 KZ	+5113+05121	Asia/Oral	West Kazakhstan
 LA	+1758+10236	Asia/Vientiane
 LB	+3353+03530	Asia/Beirut
@@ -261,7 +264,7 @@
 MH	+0905+16720	Pacific/Kwajalein	Kwajalein
 MK	+4159+02126	Europe/Skopje
 ML	+1239-00800	Africa/Bamako
-MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Rangoon
+MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
 MN	+4755+10653	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Mongolia (most areas)
 MN	+4801+09139	Asia/Hovd	Bayan-Olgiy, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
 MN	+4804+11430	Asia/Choibalsan	Dornod, Sukhbaatar
@@ -329,14 +332,15 @@
 RU	+5443+02030	Europe/Kaliningrad	MSK-01 - Kaliningrad
 RU	+554521+0373704	Europe/Moscow	MSK+00 - Moscow area
 RU	+4457+03406	Europe/Simferopol	MSK+00 - Crimea
-RU	+4844+04425	Europe/Volgograd	MSK+00 - Volgograd, Saratov
+RU	+4844+04425	Europe/Volgograd	MSK+00 - Volgograd
 RU	+5836+04939	Europe/Kirov	MSK+00 - Kirov
 RU	+4621+04803	Europe/Astrakhan	MSK+01 - Astrakhan
+RU	+5134+04602	Europe/Saratov	MSK+01 - Saratov
+RU	+5420+04824	Europe/Ulyanovsk	MSK+01 - Ulyanovsk
 RU	+5312+05009	Europe/Samara	MSK+01 - Samara, Udmurtia
-RU	+5420+04824	Europe/Ulyanovsk	MSK+01 - Ulyanovsk
 RU	+5651+06036	Asia/Yekaterinburg	MSK+02 - Urals
 RU	+5500+07324	Asia/Omsk	MSK+03 - Omsk
-RU	+5502+08255	Asia/Novosibirsk	MSK+03 - Novosibirsk
+RU	+5502+08255	Asia/Novosibirsk	MSK+04 - Novosibirsk
 RU	+5322+08345	Asia/Barnaul	MSK+04 - Altai
 RU	+5630+08458	Asia/Tomsk	MSK+04 - Tomsk
 RU	+5345+08707	Asia/Novokuznetsk	MSK+04 - Kemerovo
@@ -368,7 +372,7 @@
 SN	+1440-01726	Africa/Dakar
 SO	+0204+04522	Africa/Mogadishu
 SR	+0550-05510	America/Paramaribo
-SS	+0451+03136	Africa/Juba
+SS	+0451+03137	Africa/Juba
 ST	+0020+00644	Africa/Sao_Tome
 SV	+1342-08912	America/El_Salvador
 SX	+180305-0630250	America/Lower_Princes
@@ -394,7 +398,6 @@
 UA	+4837+02218	Europe/Uzhgorod	Ruthenia
 UA	+4750+03510	Europe/Zaporozhye	Zaporozh'ye/Zaporizhia; Lugansk/Luhansk (east)
 UG	+0019+03225	Africa/Kampala
-UM	+1645-16931	Pacific/Johnston	Johnston Atoll
 UM	+2813-17722	Pacific/Midway	Midway Islands
 UM	+1917+16637	Pacific/Wake	Wake Island
 US	+404251-0740023	America/New_York	Eastern (most areas)
@@ -426,7 +429,7 @@
 US	+643004-1652423	America/Nome	Alaska (west)
 US	+515248-1763929	America/Adak	Aleutian Islands
 US	+211825-1575130	Pacific/Honolulu	Hawaii
-UY	-3453-05611	America/Montevideo
+UY	-345433-0561245	America/Montevideo
 UZ	+3940+06648	Asia/Samarkand	Uzbekistan (west)
 UZ	+4120+06918	Asia/Tashkent	Uzbekistan (east)
 VA	+415408+0122711	Europe/Vatican

Modified: vendor/tzdata/dist/zone1970.tab
===================================================================
--- vendor/tzdata/dist/zone1970.tab	2018-06-19 14:14:33 UTC (rev 11079)
+++ vendor/tzdata/dist/zone1970.tab	2018-06-19 14:17:41 UTC (rev 11080)
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #
 # This file is in the public domain.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31):
+# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-01):
 # This file contains a table where each row stands for a zone where
 # civil time stamps have agreed since 1970.  Columns are separated by
 # a single tab.  Lines beginning with '#' are comments.  All text uses
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@
 # UTF-8 encoding.  The columns of the table are as follows:
 #
 # 1.  The countries that overlap the zone, as a comma-separated list
-#     of ISO 3166 2-character country codes.  See the file 'iso3166.tab'.
+#     of ISO 3166 2-character country codes.
+#     See the file '/usr/share/misc/iso3166'.
 # 2.  Latitude and longitude of the zone's principal location
 #     in ISO 6709 sign-degrees-minutes-seconds format,
-#     either +-DDMM+-DDDMM or +-DDMMSS+-DDDMMSS,
+#     either ±DDMM±DDDMM or ±DDMMSS±DDDMMSS,
 #     first latitude (+ is north), then longitude (+ is east).
 # 3.  Zone name used in value of TZ environment variable.
-#     Please see the 'Theory' file for how zone names are chosen.
+#     Please see the theory.html file for how zone names are chosen.
 #     If multiple zones overlap a country, each has a row in the
 #     table, with each column 1 containing the country code.
 # 4.  Comments; present if and only if a country has multiple zones.
@@ -132,9 +133,10 @@
 CA	+6404-13925	America/Dawson	Pacific - Yukon (north)
 CC	-1210+09655	Indian/Cocos
 CH,DE,LI	+4723+00832	Europe/Zurich	Swiss time
-CI,BF,GM,GN,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,ST,TG	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
+CI,BF,GM,GN,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
 CK	-2114-15946	Pacific/Rarotonga
 CL	-3327-07040	America/Santiago	Chile (most areas)
+CL	-5309-07055	America/Punta_Arenas	Region of Magallanes
 CL	-2709-10926	Pacific/Easter	Easter Island
 CN	+3114+12128	Asia/Shanghai	Beijing Time
 CN	+4348+08735	Asia/Urumqi	Xinjiang Time
@@ -144,7 +146,8 @@
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
 CW,AW,BQ,SX	+1211-06900	America/Curacao
 CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
-CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia
+CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
+CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ,SK	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
 DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas)
 DK	+5540+01235	Europe/Copenhagen
@@ -209,8 +212,9 @@
 KR	+3733+12658	Asia/Seoul
 KZ	+4315+07657	Asia/Almaty	Kazakhstan (most areas)
 KZ	+4448+06528	Asia/Qyzylorda	Qyzylorda/Kyzylorda/Kzyl-Orda
-KZ	+5017+05710	Asia/Aqtobe	Aqtobe/Aktobe
-KZ	+4431+05016	Asia/Aqtau	Atyrau/Atirau/Gur'yev, Mangghystau/Mankistau
+KZ	+5017+05710	Asia/Aqtobe	Aqtöbe/Aktobe
+KZ	+4431+05016	Asia/Aqtau	Mangghystaū/Mankistau
+KZ	+4707+05156	Asia/Atyrau	Atyraū/Atirau/Gur'yev
 KZ	+5113+05121	Asia/Oral	West Kazakhstan
 LB	+3353+03530	Asia/Beirut
 LK	+0656+07951	Asia/Colombo
@@ -224,7 +228,7 @@
 MD	+4700+02850	Europe/Chisinau
 MH	+0709+17112	Pacific/Majuro	Marshall Islands (most areas)
 MH	+0905+16720	Pacific/Kwajalein	Kwajalein
-MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Rangoon
+MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
 MN	+4755+10653	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Mongolia (most areas)
 MN	+4801+09139	Asia/Hovd	Bayan-Ölgii, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
 MN	+4804+11430	Asia/Choibalsan	Dornod, Sükhbaatar
@@ -286,14 +290,15 @@
 RU	+5443+02030	Europe/Kaliningrad	MSK-01 - Kaliningrad
 RU	+554521+0373704	Europe/Moscow	MSK+00 - Moscow area
 RU	+4457+03406	Europe/Simferopol	MSK+00 - Crimea
-RU	+4844+04425	Europe/Volgograd	MSK+00 - Volgograd, Saratov
+RU	+4844+04425	Europe/Volgograd	MSK+00 - Volgograd
 RU	+5836+04939	Europe/Kirov	MSK+00 - Kirov
 RU	+4621+04803	Europe/Astrakhan	MSK+01 - Astrakhan
+RU	+5134+04602	Europe/Saratov	MSK+01 - Saratov
+RU	+5420+04824	Europe/Ulyanovsk	MSK+01 - Ulyanovsk
 RU	+5312+05009	Europe/Samara	MSK+01 - Samara, Udmurtia
-RU	+5420+04824	Europe/Ulyanovsk	MSK+01 - Ulyanovsk
 RU	+5651+06036	Asia/Yekaterinburg	MSK+02 - Urals
 RU	+5500+07324	Asia/Omsk	MSK+03 - Omsk
-RU	+5502+08255	Asia/Novosibirsk	MSK+03 - Novosibirsk
+RU	+5502+08255	Asia/Novosibirsk	MSK+04 - Novosibirsk
 RU	+5322+08345	Asia/Barnaul	MSK+04 - Altai
 RU	+5630+08458	Asia/Tomsk	MSK+04 - Tomsk
 RU	+5345+08707	Asia/Novokuznetsk	MSK+04 - Kemerovo
@@ -312,10 +317,12 @@
 SA,KW,YE	+2438+04643	Asia/Riyadh
 SB	-0932+16012	Pacific/Guadalcanal
 SC	-0440+05528	Indian/Mahe
-SD,SS	+1536+03232	Africa/Khartoum
+SD	+1536+03232	Africa/Khartoum
 SE	+5920+01803	Europe/Stockholm
 SG	+0117+10351	Asia/Singapore
 SR	+0550-05510	America/Paramaribo
+SS	+0451+03137	Africa/Juba
+ST	+0020+00644	Africa/Sao_Tome
 SV	+1342-08912	America/El_Salvador
 SY	+3330+03618	Asia/Damascus
 TC	+2128-07108	America/Grand_Turk
@@ -365,7 +372,7 @@
 US	+643004-1652423	America/Nome	Alaska (west)
 US	+515248-1763929	America/Adak	Aleutian Islands
 US,UM	+211825-1575130	Pacific/Honolulu	Hawaii
-UY	-3453-05611	America/Montevideo
+UY	-345433-0561245	America/Montevideo
 UZ	+3940+06648	Asia/Samarkand	Uzbekistan (west)
 UZ	+4120+06918	Asia/Tashkent	Uzbekistan (east)
 VE	+1030-06656	America/Caracas



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