xref: /dragonfly/contrib/gcc-4.7/libstdc++-v3/include/ext/ropeimpl.h (revision 04febcfb30580676d3e95f58a16c5137ee478b32)
1 // SGI's rope class implementation -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
4 // Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 //
6 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
7 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
8 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
9 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10 // any later version.
11 
12 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
18 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
19 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
20 
21 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
22 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
23 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
24 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 
26 /*
27  * Copyright (c) 1997
28  * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
29  *
30  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
31  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
32  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
33  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
34  * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
35  * representations about the suitability of this software for any
36  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
37  */
38 
39 /** @file ropeimpl.h
40  *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
41  *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{ext/rope}
42  */
43 
44 #include <cstdio>
45 #include <ostream>
46 #include <bits/functexcept.h>
47 
48 #include <ext/algorithm> // For copy_n and lexicographical_compare_3way
49 #include <ext/memory> // For uninitialized_copy_n
50 #include <ext/numeric> // For power
51 
_GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)52 namespace __gnu_cxx _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
53 {
54 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
55 
56   using std::size_t;
57   using std::printf;
58   using std::basic_ostream;
59   using std::__throw_length_error;
60   using std::_Destroy;
61   using std::uninitialized_fill_n;
62 
63   // Set buf_start, buf_end, and buf_ptr appropriately, filling tmp_buf
64   // if necessary.  Assumes _M_path_end[leaf_index] and leaf_pos are correct.
65   // Results in a valid buf_ptr if the iterator can be legitimately
66   // dereferenced.
67   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
68     void
69     _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>::
70     _S_setbuf(_Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>& __x)
71     {
72       const _RopeRep* __leaf = __x._M_path_end[__x._M_leaf_index];
73       size_t __leaf_pos = __x._M_leaf_pos;
74       size_t __pos = __x._M_current_pos;
75 
76       switch(__leaf->_M_tag)
77           {
78           case __detail::_S_leaf:
79             __x._M_buf_start = ((_Rope_RopeLeaf<_CharT, _Alloc>*)__leaf)->_M_data;
80             __x._M_buf_ptr = __x._M_buf_start + (__pos - __leaf_pos);
81             __x._M_buf_end = __x._M_buf_start + __leaf->_M_size;
82             break;
83           case __detail::_S_function:
84           case __detail::_S_substringfn:
85             {
86               size_t __len = _S_iterator_buf_len;
87               size_t __buf_start_pos = __leaf_pos;
88               size_t __leaf_end = __leaf_pos + __leaf->_M_size;
89               char_producer<_CharT>* __fn = ((_Rope_RopeFunction<_CharT,
90                                                       _Alloc>*)__leaf)->_M_fn;
91               if (__buf_start_pos + __len <= __pos)
92                 {
93                     __buf_start_pos = __pos - __len / 4;
94                     if (__buf_start_pos + __len > __leaf_end)
95                       __buf_start_pos = __leaf_end - __len;
96                 }
97               if (__buf_start_pos + __len > __leaf_end)
98                 __len = __leaf_end - __buf_start_pos;
99               (*__fn)(__buf_start_pos - __leaf_pos, __len, __x._M_tmp_buf);
100               __x._M_buf_ptr = __x._M_tmp_buf + (__pos - __buf_start_pos);
101               __x._M_buf_start = __x._M_tmp_buf;
102               __x._M_buf_end = __x._M_tmp_buf + __len;
103             }
104             break;
105           default:
106             break;
107           }
108     }
109 
110   // Set path and buffer inside a rope iterator.  We assume that
111   // pos and root are already set.
112   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
113     void
114     _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>::
115     _S_setcache(_Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>& __x)
116     {
117       const _RopeRep* __path[int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth) + 1];
118       const _RopeRep* __curr_rope;
119       int __curr_depth = -1;  /* index into path    */
120       size_t __curr_start_pos = 0;
121       size_t __pos = __x._M_current_pos;
122       unsigned char __dirns = 0; // Bit vector marking right turns in the path
123 
124       if (__pos >= __x._M_root->_M_size)
125           {
126             __x._M_buf_ptr = 0;
127             return;
128           }
129       __curr_rope = __x._M_root;
130       if (0 != __curr_rope->_M_c_string)
131           {
132             /* Treat the root as a leaf. */
133             __x._M_buf_start = __curr_rope->_M_c_string;
134             __x._M_buf_end = __curr_rope->_M_c_string + __curr_rope->_M_size;
135             __x._M_buf_ptr = __curr_rope->_M_c_string + __pos;
136             __x._M_path_end[0] = __curr_rope;
137             __x._M_leaf_index = 0;
138             __x._M_leaf_pos = 0;
139             return;
140           }
141       for(;;)
142           {
143             ++__curr_depth;
144             __path[__curr_depth] = __curr_rope;
145             switch(__curr_rope->_M_tag)
146               {
147               case __detail::_S_leaf:
148               case __detail::_S_function:
149               case __detail::_S_substringfn:
150                 __x._M_leaf_pos = __curr_start_pos;
151                 goto done;
152               case __detail::_S_concat:
153                 {
154                     _Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>* __c =
155                       (_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>*)__curr_rope;
156                     _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
157                     size_t __left_len = __left->_M_size;
158 
159                     __dirns <<= 1;
160                     if (__pos >= __curr_start_pos + __left_len)
161                       {
162                         __dirns |= 1;
163                         __curr_rope = __c->_M_right;
164                         __curr_start_pos += __left_len;
165                       }
166                     else
167                       __curr_rope = __left;
168                 }
169                 break;
170               }
171           }
172     done:
173       // Copy last section of path into _M_path_end.
174       {
175           int __i = -1;
176           int __j = __curr_depth + 1 - int(_S_path_cache_len);
177 
178           if (__j < 0) __j = 0;
179           while (__j <= __curr_depth)
180             __x._M_path_end[++__i] = __path[__j++];
181           __x._M_leaf_index = __i;
182       }
183       __x._M_path_directions = __dirns;
184       _S_setbuf(__x);
185     }
186 
187   // Specialized version of the above.  Assumes that
188   // the path cache is valid for the previous position.
189   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
190     void
191     _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>::
192     _S_setcache_for_incr(_Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>& __x)
193     {
194       int __current_index = __x._M_leaf_index;
195       const _RopeRep* __current_node = __x._M_path_end[__current_index];
196       size_t __len = __current_node->_M_size;
197       size_t __node_start_pos = __x._M_leaf_pos;
198       unsigned char __dirns = __x._M_path_directions;
199       _Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>* __c;
200 
201       if (__x._M_current_pos - __node_start_pos < __len)
202           {
203             /* More stuff in this leaf, we just didn't cache it. */
204             _S_setbuf(__x);
205             return;
206           }
207       //  node_start_pos is starting position of last_node.
208       while (--__current_index >= 0)
209           {
210             if (!(__dirns & 1) /* Path turned left */)
211               break;
212             __current_node = __x._M_path_end[__current_index];
213             __c = (_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>*)__current_node;
214             // Otherwise we were in the right child.  Thus we should pop
215             // the concatenation node.
216             __node_start_pos -= __c->_M_left->_M_size;
217             __dirns >>= 1;
218           }
219       if (__current_index < 0)
220           {
221             // We underflowed the cache. Punt.
222             _S_setcache(__x);
223             return;
224           }
225       __current_node = __x._M_path_end[__current_index];
226       __c = (_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>*)__current_node;
227       // current_node is a concatenation node.  We are positioned on the first
228       // character in its right child.
229       // node_start_pos is starting position of current_node.
230       __node_start_pos += __c->_M_left->_M_size;
231       __current_node = __c->_M_right;
232       __x._M_path_end[++__current_index] = __current_node;
233       __dirns |= 1;
234       while (__detail::_S_concat == __current_node->_M_tag)
235           {
236             ++__current_index;
237             if (int(_S_path_cache_len) == __current_index)
238               {
239                 int __i;
240                 for (__i = 0; __i < int(_S_path_cache_len) - 1; __i++)
241                     __x._M_path_end[__i] = __x._M_path_end[__i+1];
242                 --__current_index;
243               }
244             __current_node =
245               ((_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>*)__current_node)->_M_left;
246             __x._M_path_end[__current_index] = __current_node;
247             __dirns <<= 1;
248             // node_start_pos is unchanged.
249           }
250       __x._M_leaf_index = __current_index;
251       __x._M_leaf_pos = __node_start_pos;
252       __x._M_path_directions = __dirns;
253       _S_setbuf(__x);
254     }
255 
256   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
257     void
258     _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>::
259     _M_incr(size_t __n)
260     {
261       _M_current_pos += __n;
262       if (0 != _M_buf_ptr)
263           {
264             size_t __chars_left = _M_buf_end - _M_buf_ptr;
265             if (__chars_left > __n)
266               _M_buf_ptr += __n;
267             else if (__chars_left == __n)
268               {
269                 _M_buf_ptr += __n;
270                 _S_setcache_for_incr(*this);
271               }
272             else
273               _M_buf_ptr = 0;
274           }
275     }
276 
277   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
278     void
279     _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>::
280     _M_decr(size_t __n)
281     {
282       if (0 != _M_buf_ptr)
283           {
284             size_t __chars_left = _M_buf_ptr - _M_buf_start;
285             if (__chars_left >= __n)
286               _M_buf_ptr -= __n;
287             else
288               _M_buf_ptr = 0;
289           }
290       _M_current_pos -= __n;
291     }
292 
293   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
294     void
295     _Rope_iterator<_CharT, _Alloc>::
296     _M_check()
297     {
298       if (_M_root_rope->_M_tree_ptr != this->_M_root)
299           {
300             // _Rope was modified.  Get things fixed up.
301             _RopeRep::_S_unref(this->_M_root);
302             this->_M_root = _M_root_rope->_M_tree_ptr;
303             _RopeRep::_S_ref(this->_M_root);
304             this->_M_buf_ptr = 0;
305           }
306     }
307 
308   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
309     inline
310     _Rope_const_iterator<_CharT, _Alloc>::
311     _Rope_const_iterator(const _Rope_iterator<_CharT, _Alloc>& __x)
312     : _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT, _Alloc>(__x)
313     { }
314 
315   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
316     inline
317     _Rope_iterator<_CharT, _Alloc>::
318     _Rope_iterator(rope<_CharT, _Alloc>& __r, size_t __pos)
319     : _Rope_iterator_base<_CharT,_Alloc>(__r._M_tree_ptr, __pos),
320       _M_root_rope(&__r)
321     { _RopeRep::_S_ref(this->_M_root); }
322 
323   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
324     inline size_t
325     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
326     _S_char_ptr_len(const _CharT* __s)
327     {
328       const _CharT* __p = __s;
329 
330       while (!_S_is0(*__p))
331           ++__p;
332       return (__p - __s);
333     }
334 
335 
336 #ifndef __GC
337 
338   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
339     inline void
340     _Rope_RopeRep<_CharT, _Alloc>::
341     _M_free_c_string()
342     {
343       _CharT* __cstr = _M_c_string;
344       if (0 != __cstr)
345           {
346             size_t __size = this->_M_size + 1;
347             _Destroy(__cstr, __cstr + __size, _M_get_allocator());
348             this->_Data_deallocate(__cstr, __size);
349           }
350     }
351 
352   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
353     inline void
354     _Rope_RopeRep<_CharT, _Alloc>::
355     _S_free_string(_CharT* __s, size_t __n, allocator_type& __a)
356     {
357       if (!_S_is_basic_char_type((_CharT*)0))
358           _Destroy(__s, __s + __n, __a);
359 
360       //  This has to be a static member, so this gets a bit messy
361       __a.deallocate(__s,
362                          _Rope_RopeLeaf<_CharT, _Alloc>::_S_rounded_up_size(__n));
363     }
364 
365   //  There are several reasons for not doing this with virtual destructors
366   //  and a class specific delete operator:
367   //  - A class specific delete operator can't easily get access to
368   //    allocator instances if we need them.
369   //  - Any virtual function would need a 4 or byte vtable pointer;
370   //    this only requires a one byte tag per object.
371   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
372     void
373     _Rope_RopeRep<_CharT, _Alloc>::
374     _M_free_tree()
375     {
376       switch(_M_tag)
377           {
378           case __detail::_S_leaf:
379             {
380               _Rope_RopeLeaf<_CharT, _Alloc>* __l
381                 = (_Rope_RopeLeaf<_CharT, _Alloc>*)this;
382               __l->_Rope_RopeLeaf<_CharT, _Alloc>::~_Rope_RopeLeaf();
383               this->_L_deallocate(__l, 1);
384               break;
385             }
386           case __detail::_S_concat:
387             {
388               _Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT,_Alloc>* __c
389                 = (_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>*)this;
390               __c->_Rope_RopeConcatenation<_CharT, _Alloc>::
391                 ~_Rope_RopeConcatenation();
392               this->_C_deallocate(__c, 1);
393               break;
394             }
395           case __detail::_S_function:
396             {
397               _Rope_RopeFunction<_CharT, _Alloc>* __f
398                 = (_Rope_RopeFunction<_CharT, _Alloc>*)this;
399               __f->_Rope_RopeFunction<_CharT, _Alloc>::~_Rope_RopeFunction();
400               this->_F_deallocate(__f, 1);
401               break;
402             }
403           case __detail::_S_substringfn:
404             {
405               _Rope_RopeSubstring<_CharT, _Alloc>* __ss =
406                 (_Rope_RopeSubstring<_CharT, _Alloc>*)this;
407               __ss->_Rope_RopeSubstring<_CharT, _Alloc>::
408                 ~_Rope_RopeSubstring();
409               this->_S_deallocate(__ss, 1);
410               break;
411             }
412           }
413     }
414 #else
415 
416   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
417     inline void
418     _Rope_RopeRep<_CharT, _Alloc>::
419     _S_free_string(const _CharT*, size_t, allocator_type)
420     { }
421 
422 #endif
423 
424   // Concatenate a C string onto a leaf rope by copying the rope data.
425   // Used for short ropes.
426   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
427     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeLeaf*
428     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
429     _S_leaf_concat_char_iter(_RopeLeaf* __r, const _CharT* __iter, size_t __len)
430     {
431       size_t __old_len = __r->_M_size;
432       _CharT* __new_data = (_CharT*)
433           rope::_Data_allocate(_S_rounded_up_size(__old_len + __len));
434       _RopeLeaf* __result;
435 
436       uninitialized_copy_n(__r->_M_data, __old_len, __new_data);
437       uninitialized_copy_n(__iter, __len, __new_data + __old_len);
438       _S_cond_store_eos(__new_data[__old_len + __len]);
439       __try
440           {
441             __result = _S_new_RopeLeaf(__new_data, __old_len + __len,
442                                              __r->_M_get_allocator());
443           }
444       __catch(...)
445           {
446             _RopeRep::__STL_FREE_STRING(__new_data, __old_len + __len,
447                                               __r->_M_get_allocator());
448             __throw_exception_again;
449           }
450       return __result;
451     }
452 
453 #ifndef __GC
454   // As above, but it's OK to clobber original if refcount is 1
455   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
456     typename rope<_CharT,_Alloc>::_RopeLeaf*
457     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
458     _S_destr_leaf_concat_char_iter(_RopeLeaf* __r, const _CharT* __iter,
459                                            size_t __len)
460     {
461       if (__r->_M_ref_count > 1)
462           return _S_leaf_concat_char_iter(__r, __iter, __len);
463       size_t __old_len = __r->_M_size;
464       if (_S_allocated_capacity(__old_len) >= __old_len + __len)
465           {
466             // The space has been partially initialized for the standard
467             // character types.  But that doesn't matter for those types.
468             uninitialized_copy_n(__iter, __len, __r->_M_data + __old_len);
469             if (_S_is_basic_char_type((_CharT*)0))
470               _S_cond_store_eos(__r->_M_data[__old_len + __len]);
471             else if (__r->_M_c_string != __r->_M_data && 0 != __r->_M_c_string)
472               {
473                 __r->_M_free_c_string();
474                 __r->_M_c_string = 0;
475               }
476             __r->_M_size = __old_len + __len;
477             __r->_M_ref_count = 2;
478             return __r;
479           }
480       else
481           {
482             _RopeLeaf* __result = _S_leaf_concat_char_iter(__r, __iter, __len);
483             return __result;
484           }
485     }
486 #endif
487 
488   // Assumes left and right are not 0.
489   // Does not increment (nor decrement on exception) child reference counts.
490   // Result has ref count 1.
491   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
492     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeRep*
493     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
494     _S_tree_concat(_RopeRep* __left, _RopeRep* __right)
495     {
496       _RopeConcatenation* __result = _S_new_RopeConcatenation(__left, __right,
497                                                                             __left->
498                                                                             _M_get_allocator());
499       size_t __depth = __result->_M_depth;
500 
501       if (__depth > 20
502             && (__result->_M_size < 1000
503                 || __depth > size_t(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth)))
504           {
505             _RopeRep* __balanced;
506 
507             __try
508               {
509                 __balanced = _S_balance(__result);
510                 __result->_M_unref_nonnil();
511               }
512             __catch(...)
513               {
514                 rope::_C_deallocate(__result,1);
515                 __throw_exception_again;
516               }
517             // In case of exception, we need to deallocate
518             // otherwise dangling result node.  But caller
519             // still owns its children.  Thus unref is
520             // inappropriate.
521             return __balanced;
522           }
523       else
524           return __result;
525     }
526 
527   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
528     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeRep*
529     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
530     _S_concat_char_iter(_RopeRep* __r, const _CharT*__s, size_t __slen)
531     {
532       _RopeRep* __result;
533       if (0 == __slen)
534           {
535             _S_ref(__r);
536             return __r;
537           }
538       if (0 == __r)
539           return __STL_ROPE_FROM_UNOWNED_CHAR_PTR(__s, __slen,
540                                                             __r->_M_get_allocator());
541       if (__r->_M_tag == __detail::_S_leaf
542             && __r->_M_size + __slen <= size_t(_S_copy_max))
543           {
544             __result = _S_leaf_concat_char_iter((_RopeLeaf*)__r, __s, __slen);
545             return __result;
546           }
547       if (__detail::_S_concat == __r->_M_tag
548             && __detail::_S_leaf == ((_RopeConcatenation*) __r)->_M_right->_M_tag)
549           {
550             _RopeLeaf* __right =
551               (_RopeLeaf* )(((_RopeConcatenation* )__r)->_M_right);
552             if (__right->_M_size + __slen <= size_t(_S_copy_max))
553               {
554                 _RopeRep* __left = ((_RopeConcatenation*)__r)->_M_left;
555                 _RopeRep* __nright =
556                     _S_leaf_concat_char_iter((_RopeLeaf*)__right, __s, __slen);
557                 __left->_M_ref_nonnil();
558                 __try
559                     { __result = _S_tree_concat(__left, __nright); }
560                 __catch(...)
561                     {
562                       _S_unref(__left);
563                       _S_unref(__nright);
564                       __throw_exception_again;
565                     }
566                 return __result;
567               }
568           }
569       _RopeRep* __nright =
570           __STL_ROPE_FROM_UNOWNED_CHAR_PTR(__s, __slen, __r->_M_get_allocator());
571       __try
572           {
573             __r->_M_ref_nonnil();
574             __result = _S_tree_concat(__r, __nright);
575           }
576       __catch(...)
577           {
578             _S_unref(__r);
579             _S_unref(__nright);
580             __throw_exception_again;
581           }
582       return __result;
583     }
584 
585 #ifndef __GC
586   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
587     typename rope<_CharT,_Alloc>::_RopeRep*
588     rope<_CharT,_Alloc>::
589     _S_destr_concat_char_iter(_RopeRep* __r, const _CharT* __s, size_t __slen)
590     {
591       _RopeRep* __result;
592       if (0 == __r)
593           return __STL_ROPE_FROM_UNOWNED_CHAR_PTR(__s, __slen,
594                                                             __r->_M_get_allocator());
595       size_t __count = __r->_M_ref_count;
596       size_t __orig_size = __r->_M_size;
597       if (__count > 1)
598           return _S_concat_char_iter(__r, __s, __slen);
599       if (0 == __slen)
600           {
601             __r->_M_ref_count = 2;      // One more than before
602             return __r;
603           }
604       if (__orig_size + __slen <= size_t(_S_copy_max)
605             && __detail::_S_leaf == __r->_M_tag)
606           {
607             __result = _S_destr_leaf_concat_char_iter((_RopeLeaf*)__r, __s,
608                                                                 __slen);
609             return __result;
610           }
611       if (__detail::_S_concat == __r->_M_tag)
612           {
613             _RopeLeaf* __right = (_RopeLeaf*)(((_RopeConcatenation*)
614                                                        __r)->_M_right);
615             if (__detail::_S_leaf == __right->_M_tag
616                 && __right->_M_size + __slen <= size_t(_S_copy_max))
617               {
618                 _RopeRep* __new_right =
619                     _S_destr_leaf_concat_char_iter(__right, __s, __slen);
620                 if (__right == __new_right)
621                     __new_right->_M_ref_count = 1;
622                 else
623                     __right->_M_unref_nonnil();
624                 __r->_M_ref_count = 2;    // One more than before.
625                 ((_RopeConcatenation*)__r)->_M_right = __new_right;
626                 __r->_M_size = __orig_size + __slen;
627                 if (0 != __r->_M_c_string)
628                     {
629                       __r->_M_free_c_string();
630                       __r->_M_c_string = 0;
631                     }
632                 return __r;
633               }
634           }
635       _RopeRep* __right =
636           __STL_ROPE_FROM_UNOWNED_CHAR_PTR(__s, __slen, __r->_M_get_allocator());
637       __r->_M_ref_nonnil();
638       __try
639           { __result = _S_tree_concat(__r, __right); }
640       __catch(...)
641           {
642             _S_unref(__r);
643             _S_unref(__right);
644             __throw_exception_again;
645           }
646       return __result;
647     }
648 #endif /* !__GC */
649 
650   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
651     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeRep*
652     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
653     _S_concat(_RopeRep* __left, _RopeRep* __right)
654     {
655       if (0 == __left)
656           {
657             _S_ref(__right);
658             return __right;
659           }
660       if (0 == __right)
661           {
662             __left->_M_ref_nonnil();
663             return __left;
664           }
665       if (__detail::_S_leaf == __right->_M_tag)
666           {
667             if (__detail::_S_leaf == __left->_M_tag)
668               {
669                 if (__right->_M_size + __left->_M_size <= size_t(_S_copy_max))
670                     return _S_leaf_concat_char_iter((_RopeLeaf*)__left,
671                                                             ((_RopeLeaf*)__right)->_M_data,
672                                                             __right->_M_size);
673               }
674             else if (__detail::_S_concat == __left->_M_tag
675                        && __detail::_S_leaf == ((_RopeConcatenation*)
676                                                                __left)->_M_right->_M_tag)
677               {
678                 _RopeLeaf* __leftright =
679                     (_RopeLeaf*)(((_RopeConcatenation*)__left)->_M_right);
680                 if (__leftright->_M_size
681                       + __right->_M_size <= size_t(_S_copy_max))
682                     {
683                       _RopeRep* __leftleft = ((_RopeConcatenation*)__left)->_M_left;
684                       _RopeRep* __rest = _S_leaf_concat_char_iter(__leftright,
685                                                                             ((_RopeLeaf*)
686                                                                              __right)->
687                                                                             _M_data,
688                                                                             __right->_M_size);
689                       __leftleft->_M_ref_nonnil();
690                       __try
691                         { return(_S_tree_concat(__leftleft, __rest)); }
692                       __catch(...)
693                         {
694                           _S_unref(__leftleft);
695                           _S_unref(__rest);
696                           __throw_exception_again;
697                         }
698                     }
699               }
700           }
701       __left->_M_ref_nonnil();
702       __right->_M_ref_nonnil();
703       __try
704           { return(_S_tree_concat(__left, __right)); }
705       __catch(...)
706           {
707             _S_unref(__left);
708             _S_unref(__right);
709             __throw_exception_again;
710           }
711     }
712 
713   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
714     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeRep*
715     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
716     _S_substring(_RopeRep* __base, size_t __start, size_t __endp1)
717     {
718       if (0 == __base)
719           return 0;
720       size_t __len = __base->_M_size;
721       size_t __adj_endp1;
722       const size_t __lazy_threshold = 128;
723 
724       if (__endp1 >= __len)
725           {
726             if (0 == __start)
727               {
728                 __base->_M_ref_nonnil();
729                 return __base;
730               }
731             else
732               __adj_endp1 = __len;
733 
734           }
735       else
736           __adj_endp1 = __endp1;
737 
738       switch(__base->_M_tag)
739           {
740           case __detail::_S_concat:
741               {
742                 _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__base;
743                 _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
744                 _RopeRep* __right = __c->_M_right;
745                 size_t __left_len = __left->_M_size;
746                 _RopeRep* __result;
747 
748                 if (__adj_endp1 <= __left_len)
749                     return _S_substring(__left, __start, __endp1);
750                 else if (__start >= __left_len)
751                     return _S_substring(__right, __start - __left_len,
752                                             __adj_endp1 - __left_len);
753                 _Self_destruct_ptr __left_result(_S_substring(__left,
754                                                                           __start,
755                                                                           __left_len));
756                 _Self_destruct_ptr __right_result(_S_substring(__right, 0,
757                                                                            __endp1
758                                                                            - __left_len));
759                 __result = _S_concat(__left_result, __right_result);
760                 return __result;
761               }
762           case __detail::_S_leaf:
763             {
764               _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*)__base;
765               _RopeLeaf* __result;
766               size_t __result_len;
767               if (__start >= __adj_endp1)
768                 return 0;
769               __result_len = __adj_endp1 - __start;
770               if (__result_len > __lazy_threshold)
771                 goto lazy;
772 #ifdef __GC
773               const _CharT* __section = __l->_M_data + __start;
774               __result = _S_new_RopeLeaf(__section, __result_len,
775                                                __base->_M_get_allocator());
776               __result->_M_c_string = 0;  // Not eos terminated.
777 #else
778               // We should sometimes create substring node instead.
779               __result = __STL_ROPE_FROM_UNOWNED_CHAR_PTR(__l->_M_data + __start,
780                                                                       __result_len,
781                                                                       __base->
782                                                                       _M_get_allocator());
783 #endif
784               return __result;
785             }
786           case __detail::_S_substringfn:
787             // Avoid introducing multiple layers of substring nodes.
788             {
789               _RopeSubstring* __old = (_RopeSubstring*)__base;
790               size_t __result_len;
791               if (__start >= __adj_endp1)
792                 return 0;
793               __result_len = __adj_endp1 - __start;
794               if (__result_len > __lazy_threshold)
795                 {
796                     _RopeSubstring* __result =
797                       _S_new_RopeSubstring(__old->_M_base,
798                                                __start + __old->_M_start,
799                                                __adj_endp1 - __start,
800                                                __base->_M_get_allocator());
801                     return __result;
802 
803                 } // *** else fall through: ***
804             }
805           case __detail::_S_function:
806             {
807               _RopeFunction* __f = (_RopeFunction*)__base;
808               _CharT* __section;
809               size_t __result_len;
810               if (__start >= __adj_endp1)
811                 return 0;
812               __result_len = __adj_endp1 - __start;
813 
814               if (__result_len > __lazy_threshold)
815                 goto lazy;
816               __section = (_CharT*)
817                 rope::_Data_allocate(_S_rounded_up_size(__result_len));
818               __try
819                 {   (*(__f->_M_fn))(__start, __result_len, __section); }
820               __catch(...)
821                 {
822                     _RopeRep::__STL_FREE_STRING(__section, __result_len,
823                                                       __base->_M_get_allocator());
824                     __throw_exception_again;
825                 }
826               _S_cond_store_eos(__section[__result_len]);
827               return _S_new_RopeLeaf(__section, __result_len,
828                                            __base->_M_get_allocator());
829             }
830           }
831     lazy:
832       {
833           // Create substring node.
834           return _S_new_RopeSubstring(__base, __start, __adj_endp1 - __start,
835                                             __base->_M_get_allocator());
836       }
837     }
838 
839   template<class _CharT>
840     class _Rope_flatten_char_consumer
841     : public _Rope_char_consumer<_CharT>
842     {
843     private:
844       _CharT* _M_buf_ptr;
845     public:
846 
847       _Rope_flatten_char_consumer(_CharT* __buffer)
848       { _M_buf_ptr = __buffer; };
849 
850       ~_Rope_flatten_char_consumer() {}
851 
852       bool
853       operator()(const _CharT* __leaf, size_t __n)
854       {
855           uninitialized_copy_n(__leaf, __n, _M_buf_ptr);
856           _M_buf_ptr += __n;
857           return true;
858       }
859     };
860 
861   template<class _CharT>
862     class _Rope_find_char_char_consumer
863     : public _Rope_char_consumer<_CharT>
864     {
865     private:
866       _CharT _M_pattern;
867     public:
868       size_t _M_count;  // Number of nonmatching characters
869 
870       _Rope_find_char_char_consumer(_CharT __p)
871       : _M_pattern(__p), _M_count(0) {}
872 
873       ~_Rope_find_char_char_consumer() {}
874 
875       bool
876       operator()(const _CharT* __leaf, size_t __n)
877       {
878           size_t __i;
879           for (__i = 0; __i < __n; __i++)
880             {
881               if (__leaf[__i] == _M_pattern)
882                 {
883                     _M_count += __i;
884                     return false;
885                 }
886             }
887           _M_count += __n; return true;
888       }
889     };
890 
891   template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
892   // Here _CharT is both the stream and rope character type.
893     class _Rope_insert_char_consumer
894     : public _Rope_char_consumer<_CharT>
895     {
896     private:
897       typedef basic_ostream<_CharT,_Traits> _Insert_ostream;
898       _Insert_ostream& _M_o;
899     public:
900       _Rope_insert_char_consumer(_Insert_ostream& __writer)
901           : _M_o(__writer) {};
902       ~_Rope_insert_char_consumer() { };
903       // Caller is presumed to own the ostream
904       bool operator() (const _CharT* __leaf, size_t __n);
905       // Returns true to continue traversal.
906     };
907 
908   template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
909     bool
910     _Rope_insert_char_consumer<_CharT, _Traits>::
911     operator()(const _CharT* __leaf, size_t __n)
912     {
913       size_t __i;
914       //  We assume that formatting is set up correctly for each element.
915       for (__i = 0; __i < __n; __i++)
916           _M_o.put(__leaf[__i]);
917       return true;
918     }
919 
920   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
921     bool
922     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
923     _S_apply_to_pieces(_Rope_char_consumer<_CharT>& __c,
924                            const _RopeRep* __r, size_t __begin, size_t __end)
925     {
926       if (0 == __r)
927           return true;
928       switch(__r->_M_tag)
929           {
930           case __detail::_S_concat:
931             {
932               _RopeConcatenation* __conc = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
933               _RopeRep* __left =  __conc->_M_left;
934               size_t __left_len = __left->_M_size;
935               if (__begin < __left_len)
936                 {
937                     size_t __left_end = std::min(__left_len, __end);
938                     if (!_S_apply_to_pieces(__c, __left, __begin, __left_end))
939                       return false;
940                 }
941               if (__end > __left_len)
942                 {
943                     _RopeRep* __right =  __conc->_M_right;
944                     size_t __right_start = std::max(__left_len, __begin);
945                     if (!_S_apply_to_pieces(__c, __right,
946                                                   __right_start - __left_len,
947                                                   __end - __left_len))
948                       return false;
949                 }
950             }
951             return true;
952           case __detail::_S_leaf:
953             {
954               _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*)__r;
955               return __c(__l->_M_data + __begin, __end - __begin);
956             }
957           case __detail::_S_function:
958           case __detail::_S_substringfn:
959               {
960                 _RopeFunction* __f = (_RopeFunction*)__r;
961                 size_t __len = __end - __begin;
962                 bool __result;
963                 _CharT* __buffer =
964                     (_CharT*)_Alloc().allocate(__len * sizeof(_CharT));
965                 __try
966                     {
967                       (*(__f->_M_fn))(__begin, __len, __buffer);
968                       __result = __c(__buffer, __len);
969                   _Alloc().deallocate(__buffer, __len * sizeof(_CharT));
970                 }
971                 __catch(...)
972                     {
973                       _Alloc().deallocate(__buffer, __len * sizeof(_CharT));
974                       __throw_exception_again;
975                     }
976                 return __result;
977               }
978           default:
979             return false;
980           }
981     }
982 
983   template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
984     inline void
985     _Rope_fill(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __o, size_t __n)
986     {
987       char __f = __o.fill();
988       size_t __i;
989 
990       for (__i = 0; __i < __n; __i++)
991           __o.put(__f);
992     }
993 
994 
995   template <class _CharT>
996     inline bool
997     _Rope_is_simple(_CharT*)
998     { return false; }
999 
1000   inline bool
1001   _Rope_is_simple(char*)
1002   { return true; }
1003 
1004   inline bool
1005   _Rope_is_simple(wchar_t*)
1006   { return true; }
1007 
1008   template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1009     basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1010     operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __o,
1011                  const rope<_CharT, _Alloc>& __r)
1012     {
1013       size_t __w = __o.width();
1014       bool __left = bool(__o.flags() & std::ios::left);
1015       size_t __pad_len;
1016       size_t __rope_len = __r.size();
1017       _Rope_insert_char_consumer<_CharT, _Traits> __c(__o);
1018       bool __is_simple = _Rope_is_simple((_CharT*)0);
1019 
1020       if (__rope_len < __w)
1021           __pad_len = __w - __rope_len;
1022       else
1023           __pad_len = 0;
1024 
1025       if (!__is_simple)
1026           __o.width(__w / __rope_len);
1027       __try
1028           {
1029             if (__is_simple && !__left && __pad_len > 0)
1030               _Rope_fill(__o, __pad_len);
1031             __r.apply_to_pieces(0, __r.size(), __c);
1032             if (__is_simple && __left && __pad_len > 0)
1033               _Rope_fill(__o, __pad_len);
1034             if (!__is_simple)
1035               __o.width(__w);
1036           }
1037       __catch(...)
1038           {
1039             if (!__is_simple)
1040               __o.width(__w);
1041             __throw_exception_again;
1042           }
1043       return __o;
1044     }
1045 
1046   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1047     _CharT*
1048     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1049     _S_flatten(_RopeRep* __r, size_t __start, size_t __len,
1050                  _CharT* __buffer)
1051     {
1052       _Rope_flatten_char_consumer<_CharT> __c(__buffer);
1053       _S_apply_to_pieces(__c, __r, __start, __start + __len);
1054       return(__buffer + __len);
1055     }
1056 
1057   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1058     size_t
1059     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1060     find(_CharT __pattern, size_t __start) const
1061     {
1062       _Rope_find_char_char_consumer<_CharT> __c(__pattern);
1063       _S_apply_to_pieces(__c, this->_M_tree_ptr, __start, size());
1064       size_type __result_pos = __start + __c._M_count;
1065 #ifndef __STL_OLD_ROPE_SEMANTICS
1066       if (__result_pos == size())
1067           __result_pos = npos;
1068 #endif
1069       return __result_pos;
1070     }
1071 
1072   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1073     _CharT*
1074     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1075     _S_flatten(_RopeRep* __r, _CharT* __buffer)
1076     {
1077       if (0 == __r)
1078           return __buffer;
1079       switch(__r->_M_tag)
1080           {
1081           case __detail::_S_concat:
1082             {
1083               _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
1084               _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
1085               _RopeRep* __right = __c->_M_right;
1086               _CharT* __rest = _S_flatten(__left, __buffer);
1087               return _S_flatten(__right, __rest);
1088             }
1089           case __detail::_S_leaf:
1090             {
1091               _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*)__r;
1092               return copy_n(__l->_M_data, __l->_M_size, __buffer).second;
1093             }
1094           case __detail::_S_function:
1095           case __detail::_S_substringfn:
1096             // We don't yet do anything with substring nodes.
1097             // This needs to be fixed before ropefiles will work well.
1098             {
1099               _RopeFunction* __f = (_RopeFunction*)__r;
1100               (*(__f->_M_fn))(0, __f->_M_size, __buffer);
1101               return __buffer + __f->_M_size;
1102             }
1103           default:
1104             return 0;
1105           }
1106     }
1107 
1108   // This needs work for _CharT != char
1109   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1110     void
1111     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1112     _S_dump(_RopeRep* __r, int __indent)
1113     {
1114       for (int __i = 0; __i < __indent; __i++)
1115           putchar(' ');
1116       if (0 == __r)
1117           {
1118             printf("NULL\n");
1119             return;
1120           }
1121       if (_S_concat == __r->_M_tag)
1122           {
1123             _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
1124             _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
1125             _RopeRep* __right = __c->_M_right;
1126 
1127 #ifdef __GC
1128             printf("Concatenation %p (depth = %d, len = %ld, %s balanced)\n",
1129                      __r, __r->_M_depth, __r->_M_size,
1130                      __r->_M_is_balanced? "" : "not");
1131 #else
1132             printf("Concatenation %p (rc = %ld, depth = %d, "
1133                      "len = %ld, %s balanced)\n",
1134                      __r, __r->_M_ref_count, __r->_M_depth, __r->_M_size,
1135                      __r->_M_is_balanced? "" : "not");
1136 #endif
1137             _S_dump(__left, __indent + 2);
1138             _S_dump(__right, __indent + 2);
1139             return;
1140           }
1141       else
1142           {
1143             char* __kind;
1144 
1145             switch (__r->_M_tag)
1146               {
1147               case __detail::_S_leaf:
1148                 __kind = "Leaf";
1149                 break;
1150               case __detail::_S_function:
1151                 __kind = "Function";
1152                 break;
1153               case __detail::_S_substringfn:
1154                 __kind = "Function representing substring";
1155                 break;
1156               default:
1157                 __kind = "(corrupted kind field!)";
1158               }
1159 #ifdef __GC
1160             printf("%s %p (depth = %d, len = %ld) ",
1161                      __kind, __r, __r->_M_depth, __r->_M_size);
1162 #else
1163             printf("%s %p (rc = %ld, depth = %d, len = %ld) ",
1164                      __kind, __r, __r->_M_ref_count, __r->_M_depth, __r->_M_size);
1165 #endif
1166             if (_S_is_one_byte_char_type((_CharT*)0))
1167               {
1168                 const int __max_len = 40;
1169                 _Self_destruct_ptr __prefix(_S_substring(__r, 0, __max_len));
1170                 _CharT __buffer[__max_len + 1];
1171                 bool __too_big = __r->_M_size > __prefix->_M_size;
1172 
1173                 _S_flatten(__prefix, __buffer);
1174                 __buffer[__prefix->_M_size] = _S_eos((_CharT*)0);
1175                 printf("%s%s\n", (char*)__buffer,
1176                          __too_big? "...\n" : "\n");
1177               }
1178             else
1179               printf("\n");
1180           }
1181     }
1182 
1183   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1184     const unsigned long
1185     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1186     _S_min_len[int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth) + 1] = {
1187       /* 0 */1, /* 1 */2, /* 2 */3, /* 3 */5, /* 4 */8, /* 5 */13, /* 6 */21,
1188       /* 7 */34, /* 8 */55, /* 9 */89, /* 10 */144, /* 11 */233, /* 12 */377,
1189       /* 13 */610, /* 14 */987, /* 15 */1597, /* 16 */2584, /* 17 */4181,
1190       /* 18 */6765, /* 19 */10946, /* 20 */17711, /* 21 */28657, /* 22 */46368,
1191       /* 23 */75025, /* 24 */121393, /* 25 */196418, /* 26 */317811,
1192       /* 27 */514229, /* 28 */832040, /* 29 */1346269, /* 30 */2178309,
1193       /* 31 */3524578, /* 32 */5702887, /* 33 */9227465, /* 34 */14930352,
1194       /* 35 */24157817, /* 36 */39088169, /* 37 */63245986, /* 38 */102334155,
1195       /* 39 */165580141, /* 40 */267914296, /* 41 */433494437,
1196       /* 42 */701408733, /* 43 */1134903170, /* 44 */1836311903,
1197       /* 45 */2971215073u };
1198   // These are Fibonacci numbers < 2**32.
1199 
1200   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1201     typename rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_RopeRep*
1202     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1203     _S_balance(_RopeRep* __r)
1204     {
1205       _RopeRep* __forest[int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth) + 1];
1206       _RopeRep* __result = 0;
1207       int __i;
1208       // Invariant:
1209       // The concatenation of forest in descending order is equal to __r.
1210       // __forest[__i]._M_size >= _S_min_len[__i]
1211       // __forest[__i]._M_depth = __i
1212       // References from forest are included in refcount.
1213 
1214       for (__i = 0; __i <= int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth); ++__i)
1215           __forest[__i] = 0;
1216       __try
1217           {
1218             _S_add_to_forest(__r, __forest);
1219             for (__i = 0; __i <= int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth); ++__i)
1220               if (0 != __forest[__i])
1221                 {
1222 #ifndef __GC
1223                     _Self_destruct_ptr __old(__result);
1224 #endif
1225                     __result = _S_concat(__forest[__i], __result);
1226                     __forest[__i]->_M_unref_nonnil();
1227 #if !defined(__GC) && defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
1228                     __forest[__i] = 0;
1229 #endif
1230                 }
1231           }
1232       __catch(...)
1233           {
1234             for(__i = 0; __i <= int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth); __i++)
1235               _S_unref(__forest[__i]);
1236             __throw_exception_again;
1237           }
1238 
1239       if (__result->_M_depth > int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth))
1240           __throw_length_error(__N("rope::_S_balance"));
1241       return(__result);
1242     }
1243 
1244   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1245     void
1246     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1247     _S_add_to_forest(_RopeRep* __r, _RopeRep** __forest)
1248     {
1249       if (__r->_M_is_balanced)
1250           {
1251             _S_add_leaf_to_forest(__r, __forest);
1252             return;
1253           }
1254 
1255       {
1256           _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
1257 
1258           _S_add_to_forest(__c->_M_left, __forest);
1259           _S_add_to_forest(__c->_M_right, __forest);
1260       }
1261     }
1262 
1263 
1264   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1265     void
1266     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1267     _S_add_leaf_to_forest(_RopeRep* __r, _RopeRep** __forest)
1268     {
1269       _RopeRep* __insertee;             // included in refcount
1270       _RopeRep* __too_tiny = 0;                   // included in refcount
1271       int __i;                                    // forest[0..__i-1] is empty
1272       size_t __s = __r->_M_size;
1273 
1274       for (__i = 0; __s >= _S_min_len[__i+1]/* not this bucket */; ++__i)
1275           {
1276             if (0 != __forest[__i])
1277               {
1278 #ifndef __GC
1279                 _Self_destruct_ptr __old(__too_tiny);
1280 #endif
1281                 __too_tiny = _S_concat_and_set_balanced(__forest[__i],
1282                                                                   __too_tiny);
1283                 __forest[__i]->_M_unref_nonnil();
1284                 __forest[__i] = 0;
1285               }
1286           }
1287       {
1288 #ifndef __GC
1289           _Self_destruct_ptr __old(__too_tiny);
1290 #endif
1291           __insertee = _S_concat_and_set_balanced(__too_tiny, __r);
1292       }
1293       // Too_tiny dead, and no longer included in refcount.
1294       // Insertee is live and included.
1295       for (;; ++__i)
1296           {
1297             if (0 != __forest[__i])
1298               {
1299 #ifndef __GC
1300                 _Self_destruct_ptr __old(__insertee);
1301 #endif
1302                 __insertee = _S_concat_and_set_balanced(__forest[__i],
1303                                                                   __insertee);
1304                 __forest[__i]->_M_unref_nonnil();
1305                 __forest[__i] = 0;
1306               }
1307             if (__i == int(__detail::_S_max_rope_depth)
1308                 || __insertee->_M_size < _S_min_len[__i+1])
1309               {
1310                 __forest[__i] = __insertee;
1311                 // refcount is OK since __insertee is now dead.
1312                 return;
1313               }
1314           }
1315     }
1316 
1317   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1318     _CharT
1319     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1320     _S_fetch(_RopeRep* __r, size_type __i)
1321     {
1322       __GC_CONST _CharT* __cstr = __r->_M_c_string;
1323 
1324       if (0 != __cstr)
1325           return __cstr[__i];
1326       for(;;)
1327           {
1328             switch(__r->_M_tag)
1329               {
1330               case __detail::_S_concat:
1331                 {
1332                     _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
1333                     _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
1334                     size_t __left_len = __left->_M_size;
1335 
1336                     if (__i >= __left_len)
1337                       {
1338                         __i -= __left_len;
1339                         __r = __c->_M_right;
1340                       }
1341                     else
1342                       __r = __left;
1343                 }
1344                 break;
1345               case __detail::_S_leaf:
1346                 {
1347                     _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*)__r;
1348                     return __l->_M_data[__i];
1349                 }
1350               case __detail::_S_function:
1351               case __detail::_S_substringfn:
1352                 {
1353                     _RopeFunction* __f = (_RopeFunction*)__r;
1354                     _CharT __result;
1355 
1356                     (*(__f->_M_fn))(__i, 1, &__result);
1357                     return __result;
1358                 }
1359               }
1360           }
1361     }
1362 
1363 #ifndef __GC
1364   // Return a uniquely referenced character slot for the given
1365   // position, or 0 if that's not possible.
1366   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1367     _CharT*
1368     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1369     _S_fetch_ptr(_RopeRep* __r, size_type __i)
1370     {
1371       _RopeRep* __clrstack[__detail::_S_max_rope_depth];
1372       size_t __csptr = 0;
1373 
1374       for(;;)
1375           {
1376             if (__r->_M_ref_count > 1)
1377               return 0;
1378             switch(__r->_M_tag)
1379               {
1380               case __detail::_S_concat:
1381                 {
1382                     _RopeConcatenation* __c = (_RopeConcatenation*)__r;
1383                     _RopeRep* __left = __c->_M_left;
1384                     size_t __left_len = __left->_M_size;
1385 
1386                     if (__c->_M_c_string != 0)
1387                       __clrstack[__csptr++] = __c;
1388                     if (__i >= __left_len)
1389                       {
1390                         __i -= __left_len;
1391                         __r = __c->_M_right;
1392                       }
1393                     else
1394                       __r = __left;
1395                 }
1396                 break;
1397               case __detail::_S_leaf:
1398                 {
1399                     _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*)__r;
1400                     if (__l->_M_c_string != __l->_M_data && __l->_M_c_string != 0)
1401                       __clrstack[__csptr++] = __l;
1402                     while (__csptr > 0)
1403                       {
1404                         -- __csptr;
1405                         _RopeRep* __d = __clrstack[__csptr];
1406                         __d->_M_free_c_string();
1407                         __d->_M_c_string = 0;
1408                       }
1409                     return __l->_M_data + __i;
1410                 }
1411               case __detail::_S_function:
1412               case __detail::_S_substringfn:
1413                 return 0;
1414               }
1415           }
1416     }
1417 #endif /* __GC */
1418 
1419   // The following could be implemented trivially using
1420   // lexicographical_compare_3way.
1421   // We do a little more work to avoid dealing with rope iterators for
1422   // flat strings.
1423   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1424     int
1425     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1426     _S_compare (const _RopeRep* __left, const _RopeRep* __right)
1427     {
1428       size_t __left_len;
1429       size_t __right_len;
1430 
1431       if (0 == __right)
1432           return 0 != __left;
1433       if (0 == __left)
1434           return -1;
1435       __left_len = __left->_M_size;
1436       __right_len = __right->_M_size;
1437       if (__detail::_S_leaf == __left->_M_tag)
1438           {
1439             _RopeLeaf* __l = (_RopeLeaf*) __left;
1440             if (__detail::_S_leaf == __right->_M_tag)
1441               {
1442                 _RopeLeaf* __r = (_RopeLeaf*) __right;
1443                 return lexicographical_compare_3way(__l->_M_data,
1444                                                               __l->_M_data + __left_len,
1445                                                               __r->_M_data, __r->_M_data
1446                                                               + __right_len);
1447               }
1448             else
1449               {
1450                 const_iterator __rstart(__right, 0);
1451                 const_iterator __rend(__right, __right_len);
1452                 return lexicographical_compare_3way(__l->_M_data, __l->_M_data
1453                                                               + __left_len,
1454                                                               __rstart, __rend);
1455               }
1456           }
1457       else
1458           {
1459             const_iterator __lstart(__left, 0);
1460             const_iterator __lend(__left, __left_len);
1461             if (__detail::_S_leaf == __right->_M_tag)
1462               {
1463                 _RopeLeaf* __r = (_RopeLeaf*) __right;
1464                 return lexicographical_compare_3way(__lstart, __lend,
1465                                                               __r->_M_data, __r->_M_data
1466                                                               + __right_len);
1467               }
1468             else
1469               {
1470                 const_iterator __rstart(__right, 0);
1471                 const_iterator __rend(__right, __right_len);
1472                 return lexicographical_compare_3way(__lstart, __lend,
1473                                                               __rstart, __rend);
1474               }
1475           }
1476     }
1477 
1478   // Assignment to reference proxies.
1479   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1480     _Rope_char_ref_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>&
1481     _Rope_char_ref_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1482     operator=(_CharT __c)
1483     {
1484       _RopeRep* __old = _M_root->_M_tree_ptr;
1485 #ifndef __GC
1486       // First check for the case in which everything is uniquely
1487       // referenced.  In that case we can do this destructively.
1488       _CharT* __ptr = _My_rope::_S_fetch_ptr(__old, _M_pos);
1489       if (0 != __ptr)
1490           {
1491             *__ptr = __c;
1492             return *this;
1493           }
1494 #endif
1495       _Self_destruct_ptr __left(_My_rope::_S_substring(__old, 0, _M_pos));
1496       _Self_destruct_ptr __right(_My_rope::_S_substring(__old, _M_pos + 1,
1497                                                                       __old->_M_size));
1498       _Self_destruct_ptr __result_left(_My_rope::
1499                                                _S_destr_concat_char_iter(__left,
1500                                                                                  &__c, 1));
1501 
1502       _RopeRep* __result = _My_rope::_S_concat(__result_left, __right);
1503 #ifndef __GC
1504       _RopeRep::_S_unref(__old);
1505 #endif
1506       _M_root->_M_tree_ptr = __result;
1507       return *this;
1508     }
1509 
1510   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1511     inline _Rope_char_ref_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1512     operator _CharT() const
1513     {
1514       if (_M_current_valid)
1515           return _M_current;
1516       else
1517           return _My_rope::_S_fetch(_M_root->_M_tree_ptr, _M_pos);
1518     }
1519 
1520   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1521     _Rope_char_ptr_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>
1522     _Rope_char_ref_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1523     operator&() const
1524     { return _Rope_char_ptr_proxy<_CharT, _Alloc>(*this); }
1525 
1526   template <class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1527     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1528     rope(size_t __n, _CharT __c, const allocator_type& __a)
1529     : _Base(__a)
1530     {
1531       rope<_CharT,_Alloc> __result;
1532       const size_t __exponentiate_threshold = 32;
1533       size_t __exponent;
1534       size_t __rest;
1535       _CharT* __rest_buffer;
1536       _RopeRep* __remainder;
1537       rope<_CharT, _Alloc> __remainder_rope;
1538 
1539       if (0 == __n)
1540           return;
1541 
1542       __exponent = __n / __exponentiate_threshold;
1543       __rest = __n % __exponentiate_threshold;
1544       if (0 == __rest)
1545           __remainder = 0;
1546       else
1547           {
1548             __rest_buffer = this->_Data_allocate(_S_rounded_up_size(__rest));
1549             __uninitialized_fill_n_a(__rest_buffer, __rest, __c,
1550                                            _M_get_allocator());
1551             _S_cond_store_eos(__rest_buffer[__rest]);
1552             __try
1553               { __remainder = _S_new_RopeLeaf(__rest_buffer, __rest,
1554                                                       _M_get_allocator()); }
1555             __catch(...)
1556               {
1557                 _RopeRep::__STL_FREE_STRING(__rest_buffer, __rest,
1558                                                     _M_get_allocator());
1559                 __throw_exception_again;
1560               }
1561           }
1562       __remainder_rope._M_tree_ptr = __remainder;
1563       if (__exponent != 0)
1564           {
1565             _CharT* __base_buffer =
1566               this->_Data_allocate(_S_rounded_up_size(__exponentiate_threshold));
1567             _RopeLeaf* __base_leaf;
1568             rope __base_rope;
1569             __uninitialized_fill_n_a(__base_buffer, __exponentiate_threshold, __c,
1570                                            _M_get_allocator());
1571             _S_cond_store_eos(__base_buffer[__exponentiate_threshold]);
1572             __try
1573               {
1574                 __base_leaf = _S_new_RopeLeaf(__base_buffer,
1575                                                       __exponentiate_threshold,
1576                                                       _M_get_allocator());
1577               }
1578             __catch(...)
1579               {
1580                 _RopeRep::__STL_FREE_STRING(__base_buffer,
1581                                                     __exponentiate_threshold,
1582                                                     _M_get_allocator());
1583                 __throw_exception_again;
1584               }
1585             __base_rope._M_tree_ptr = __base_leaf;
1586             if (1 == __exponent)
1587               __result = __base_rope;
1588             else
1589               __result = power(__base_rope, __exponent,
1590                                    _Rope_Concat_fn<_CharT, _Alloc>());
1591 
1592             if (0 != __remainder)
1593               __result += __remainder_rope;
1594           }
1595       else
1596           __result = __remainder_rope;
1597 
1598       this->_M_tree_ptr = __result._M_tree_ptr;
1599       this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_ref_nonnil();
1600     }
1601 
1602   template<class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1603     _CharT
1604     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::_S_empty_c_str[1];
1605 
1606   template<class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1607     const _CharT*
1608     rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1609     c_str() const
1610     {
1611       if (0 == this->_M_tree_ptr)
1612           {
1613             _S_empty_c_str[0] = _S_eos((_CharT*)0);  // Possibly redundant,
1614                                                      // but probably fast.
1615             return _S_empty_c_str;
1616           }
1617       __gthread_mutex_lock (&this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_c_string_lock);
1618       __GC_CONST _CharT* __result = this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_c_string;
1619       if (0 == __result)
1620           {
1621             size_t __s = size();
1622             __result = this->_Data_allocate(__s + 1);
1623             _S_flatten(this->_M_tree_ptr, __result);
1624             __result[__s] = _S_eos((_CharT*)0);
1625             this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_c_string = __result;
1626           }
1627       __gthread_mutex_unlock (&this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_c_string_lock);
1628       return(__result);
1629     }
1630 
1631   template<class _CharT, class _Alloc>
1632     const _CharT* rope<_CharT, _Alloc>::
1633     replace_with_c_str()
1634     {
1635       if (0 == this->_M_tree_ptr)
1636           {
1637             _S_empty_c_str[0] = _S_eos((_CharT*)0);
1638             return _S_empty_c_str;
1639           }
1640       __GC_CONST _CharT* __old_c_string = this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_c_string;
1641       if (__detail::_S_leaf == this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_tag
1642             && 0 != __old_c_string)
1643           return(__old_c_string);
1644       size_t __s = size();
1645       _CharT* __result = this->_Data_allocate(_S_rounded_up_size(__s));
1646       _S_flatten(this->_M_tree_ptr, __result);
1647       __result[__s] = _S_eos((_CharT*)0);
1648       this->_M_tree_ptr->_M_unref_nonnil();
1649       this->_M_tree_ptr = _S_new_RopeLeaf(__result, __s,
1650                                                     this->_M_get_allocator());
1651       return(__result);
1652     }
1653 
1654   // Algorithm specializations.  More should be added.
1655 
1656   template<class _Rope_iterator>  // was templated on CharT and Alloc
1657     void                      // VC++ workaround
1658     _Rope_rotate(_Rope_iterator __first,
1659                      _Rope_iterator __middle,
1660                      _Rope_iterator __last)
1661     {
1662       typedef typename _Rope_iterator::value_type _CharT;
1663       typedef typename _Rope_iterator::_allocator_type _Alloc;
1664 
1665       rope<_CharT, _Alloc>& __r(__first.container());
1666       rope<_CharT, _Alloc> __prefix = __r.substr(0, __first.index());
1667       rope<_CharT, _Alloc> __suffix =
1668           __r.substr(__last.index(), __r.size() - __last.index());
1669       rope<_CharT, _Alloc> __part1 =
1670           __r.substr(__middle.index(), __last.index() - __middle.index());
1671       rope<_CharT, _Alloc> __part2 =
1672           __r.substr(__first.index(), __middle.index() - __first.index());
1673       __r = __prefix;
1674       __r += __part1;
1675       __r += __part2;
1676       __r += __suffix;
1677     }
1678 
1679 #if !defined(__GNUC__)
1680   // Appears to confuse g++
1681   inline void
1682   rotate(_Rope_iterator<char, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __first,
1683            _Rope_iterator<char, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __middle,
1684            _Rope_iterator<char, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __last)
1685   { _Rope_rotate(__first, __middle, __last); }
1686 #endif
1687 
1688 # if 0
1689   // Probably not useful for several reasons:
1690   // - for SGIs 7.1 compiler and probably some others,
1691   //   this forces lots of rope<wchar_t, ...> instantiations, creating a
1692   //   code bloat and compile time problem.  (Fixed in 7.2.)
1693   // - wchar_t is 4 bytes wide on most UNIX platforms, making it
1694   //   unattractive for unicode strings.  Unsigned short may be a better
1695   //   character type.
1696   inline void
1697   rotate(_Rope_iterator<wchar_t, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __first,
1698            _Rope_iterator<wchar_t, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __middle,
1699            _Rope_iterator<wchar_t, __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(char)> __last)
1700   { _Rope_rotate(__first, __middle, __last); }
1701 # endif
1702 
1703 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1704 } // namespace
1705