1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 * without specific prior written permission.
19 *
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 * SUCH DAMAGE.
31 *
32 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
33 * @(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
34 * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.111 2007/05/21 14:38:45 cognet Exp $
35 */
36
37 /*
38 * P I N G . C
39 *
40 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
41 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
42 *
43 * Author -
44 * Mike Muuss
45 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
46 * December, 1983
47 *
48 * Status -
49 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited.
50 * Bugs -
51 * More statistics could always be gathered.
52 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
53 */
54
55 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
56 #include <sys/socket.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 #include <sys/time.h>
59 #include <sys/uio.h>
60
61 #include <netinet/in.h>
62 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
63 #include <netinet/ip.h>
64 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
65 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
66 #include <arpa/inet.h>
67
68 #include <ctype.h>
69 #include <err.h>
70 #include <errno.h>
71 #include <math.h>
72 #include <netdb.h>
73 #include <signal.h>
74 #include <stdio.h>
75 #include <stdlib.h>
76 #include <string.h>
77 #include <sysexits.h>
78 #include <unistd.h>
79
80 #define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
81 #define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct tv32))
82 #define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
83 #define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
84 #define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */
85 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
86 /* runs out of buffer space */
87 #define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
88 #define MAXPAYLOAD (IP_MAXPACKET - MAXIPLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
89 #define MAXWAIT 10000 /* max ms to wait for response */
90 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
91 #define MAXTOS 255
92
93 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */
94 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */
95 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit))
96 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
97 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit))
98
99 struct tv32 {
100 int32_t tv32_sec;
101 int32_t tv32_usec;
102 };
103
104 /* various options */
105 int options;
106 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001
107 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002
108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004
109 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008
110 #define F_QUIET 0x0010
111 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020
112 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040
113 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080
114 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100
115 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200
116 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400
117 #define F_MTTL 0x0800
118 #define F_MIF 0x1000
119 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000
120 #define F_TTL 0x8000
121 #define F_MISSED 0x10000
122 #define F_ONCE 0x20000
123 #define F_HDRINCL 0x40000
124 #define F_MASK 0x80000
125 #define F_TIME 0x100000
126 #define F_SWEEP 0x200000
127 #define F_WAITTIME 0x400000
128
129 /*
130 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
131 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128
132 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
133 */
134 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128)
135 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
136 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
137
138 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */
139 int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
140 int maxpayload;
141 int s; /* socket file descriptor */
142 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
143 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
144 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */
145 char DOT = '.';
146 char *hostname;
147 char *shostname;
148 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */
149 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
150 u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
151 u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
152 int phdr_len = 0;
153 int send_len;
154
155 /* counters */
156 long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
157 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */
158 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */
159 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */
160 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
161 long snpackets; /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */
162 long snreceived; /* # of packets we got back in this sweep */
163 long sntransmitted; /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */
164 int sweepmax; /* max value of payload in sweep */
165 int sweepmin = 0; /* start value of payload in sweep */
166 int sweepincr = 1; /* payload increment in sweep */
167 long interval = 1000000; /* interval between packets, usec */
168 int waittime = MAXWAIT; /* timeout for each packet */
169 long nrcvtimeout = 0; /* # of packets we got back after waittime */
170
171 /* timing */
172 int timing; /* flag to do timing */
173 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */
174 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */
175 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */
176 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
177
178 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
179 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
180
181 static void fill(char *, char *);
182 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
183 static void check_status(void);
184 static void finish(void) __dead2;
185 static void pinger(void);
186 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
187 static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
188 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
189 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
190 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
191 static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
192 static void status(int);
193 static void stopit(int);
194 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
195 static void usage(void) __dead2;
196
197 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)198 main(int argc, char **argv)
199 {
200 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
201 struct in_addr ifaddr;
202 struct timeval last, intvl;
203 struct iovec iov;
204 struct ip *ip;
205 struct msghdr msg;
206 struct sigaction si_sa;
207 size_t sz;
208 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4);
209 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
210 struct hostent *hp;
211 struct sockaddr_in *to;
212 double t;
213 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
214 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
215 tos, ttl;
216 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
217 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
218 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
219 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */
220 #endif
221 unsigned char loop, mttl;
222
223 payload = source = NULL;
224
225 /*
226 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
227 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for
228 * after arg parsing.
229 */
230 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
231 sockerrno = errno;
232
233 setuid(getuid());
234 uid = getuid();
235
236 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
237
238 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
239 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Aac:DdfG:g:h:I:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vW:z:")) != -1) {
240 switch(ch) {
241 case 'A':
242 options |= F_MISSED;
243 break;
244 case 'a':
245 options |= F_AUDIBLE;
246 break;
247 case 'c':
248 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
249 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
250 errx(EX_USAGE,
251 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
252 optarg);
253 npackets = ultmp;
254 break;
255 case 'D':
256 options |= F_HDRINCL;
257 df = 1;
258 break;
259 case 'd':
260 options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
261 break;
262 case 'f':
263 if (uid) {
264 errno = EPERM;
265 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
266 }
267 options |= F_FLOOD;
268 setbuf(stdout, NULL);
269 break;
270 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */
271 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
272 if (*ep || ep == optarg)
273 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
274 optarg);
275 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
276 errno = EPERM;
277 err(EX_NOPERM,
278 "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
279 ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
280 }
281 options |= F_SWEEP;
282 sweepmax = ultmp;
283 break;
284 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */
285 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
286 if (*ep || ep == optarg)
287 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
288 optarg);
289 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
290 errno = EPERM;
291 err(EX_NOPERM,
292 "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
293 ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
294 }
295 options |= F_SWEEP;
296 sweepmin = ultmp;
297 break;
298 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */
299 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
300 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp < 1)
301 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid increment size: `%s'",
302 optarg);
303 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
304 errno = EPERM;
305 err(EX_NOPERM,
306 "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
307 ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
308 }
309 options |= F_SWEEP;
310 sweepincr = ultmp;
311 break;
312 case 'I': /* multicast interface */
313 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
314 errx(EX_USAGE,
315 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
316 optarg);
317 options |= F_MIF;
318 break;
319 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */
320 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000000.0; /* sec -> usec */
321 if (*ep || ep == optarg ||
322 t > (double)LONG_MAX || t <= 0)
323 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
324 optarg);
325 options |= F_INTERVAL;
326 interval = (long)t;
327 if (uid != 0 && interval < 2000 /* 2 ms */) {
328 errno = EPERM;
329 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
330 }
331 break;
332 case 'L':
333 options |= F_NOLOOP;
334 loop = 0;
335 break;
336 case 'l':
337 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
338 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
339 errx(EX_USAGE,
340 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
341 if (uid != 0) {
342 errno = EPERM;
343 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
344 }
345 preload = ultmp;
346 break;
347 case 'M':
348 switch (optarg[0]) {
349 case 'M':
350 case 'm':
351 options |= F_MASK;
352 break;
353 case 'T':
354 case 't':
355 options |= F_TIME;
356 break;
357 default:
358 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
359 break;
360 }
361 break;
362 case 'm': /* TTL */
363 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
364 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
365 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
366 ttl = ultmp;
367 options |= F_TTL;
368 break;
369 case 'n':
370 options |= F_NUMERIC;
371 break;
372 case 'o':
373 options |= F_ONCE;
374 break;
375 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */
376 options |= F_PINGFILLED;
377 payload = optarg;
378 break;
379 case 'Q':
380 options |= F_QUIET2;
381 break;
382 case 'q':
383 options |= F_QUIET;
384 break;
385 case 'R':
386 options |= F_RROUTE;
387 break;
388 case 'r':
389 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
390 break;
391 case 'S':
392 source = optarg;
393 break;
394 case 's': /* size of packet to send */
395 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
396 if (*ep || ep == optarg)
397 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
398 optarg);
399 if (ultmp > MAXPAYLOAD)
400 errx(EX_USAGE,
401 "packet size too large: %lu > %lu",
402 ultmp, MAXPAYLOAD);
403 datalen = ultmp;
404 break;
405 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */
406 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
407 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
408 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
409 optarg);
410 mttl = ultmp;
411 options |= F_MTTL;
412 break;
413 case 't':
414 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
415 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
416 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
417 optarg);
418 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
419 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
420 optarg, MAXALARM);
421 alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
422 break;
423 case 'v':
424 options |= F_VERBOSE;
425 break;
426 case 'W': /* wait ms for answer */
427 t = strtod(optarg, &ep);
428 if (*ep || ep == optarg ||
429 t > (double)INT_MAX || t <= 0)
430 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid wait timeout: `%s'",
431 optarg);
432 options |= F_WAITTIME;
433 waittime = (int)t;
434 break;
435 case 'z':
436 options |= F_HDRINCL;
437 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
438 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
439 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
440 tos = ultmp;
441 break;
442 default:
443 usage();
444 }
445 }
446
447 if (argc - optind != 1)
448 usage();
449 target = argv[optind];
450
451 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
452 case 0: break;
453 case F_MASK:
454 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
455 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
456 phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
457 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
458 printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
459 break;
460 case F_TIME:
461 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
462 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
463 phdr_len = TS_LEN;
464 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
465 printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
466 break;
467 default:
468 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
469 break;
470 }
471 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
472 if (options & F_RROUTE)
473 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
474 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
475 if (datalen > maxpayload)
476 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
477 maxpayload);
478 send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
479 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
480 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
481 fill((char *)datap, payload);
482 }
483 if (source) {
484 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
485 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
486 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
487 shostname = source;
488 } else {
489 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
490 if (!hp)
491 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
492 source, hstrerror(h_errno));
493
494 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
495 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
496 hp->h_length < 0)
497 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
498 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
499 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
500 strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
501 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
502 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
503 shostname = snamebuf;
504 }
505 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
506 err(1, "bind");
507 }
508
509 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
510 to = &whereto;
511 to->sin_family = AF_INET;
512 to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
513 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
514 hostname = target;
515 } else {
516 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
517 if (!hp)
518 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
519 target, hstrerror(h_errno));
520
521 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
522 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
523 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
524 strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
525 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
526 hostname = hnamebuf;
527 }
528
529 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
530 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
531
532 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
533 errx(EX_USAGE,
534 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
535 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
536 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
537 errx(EX_USAGE,
538 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
539
540 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */
541 timing = 1;
542
543 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
544 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
545 *datap++ = i;
546
547 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
548
549 if (s < 0) {
550 errno = sockerrno;
551 err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
552 }
553 hold = 1;
554 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
555 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
556 sizeof(hold));
557 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
558 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
559 sizeof(hold));
560 if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
561 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
562 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
563 mib[0] = CTL_NET;
564 mib[1] = PF_INET;
565 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
566 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
567 sz = sizeof(ttl);
568 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
569 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
570 }
571 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
572 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
573 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
574 ip->ip_tos = tos;
575 ip->ip_id = 0;
576 ip->ip_off = df ? htons(IP_DF) : 0;
577 ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
578 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
579 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
580 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
581 }
582 /* record route option */
583 if (options & F_RROUTE) {
584 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
585 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
586 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
587 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
588 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
589 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
590 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
591 sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
592 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
593 #else
594 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
595 "record route not available in this implementation");
596 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
597 }
598
599 if (options & F_TTL) {
600 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
601 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
602 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
603 }
604 }
605 if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
606 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
607 sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
608 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
609 }
610 }
611 if (options & F_MTTL) {
612 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
613 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
614 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
615 }
616 }
617 if (options & F_MIF) {
618 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
619 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
620 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
621 }
622 }
623 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
624 { int on = 1;
625 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
626 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
627 }
628 #endif
629 if (sweepmax) {
630 if (sweepmin >= sweepmax)
631 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum packet size must be greater than the minimum packet size");
632
633 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN)
634 errx(EX_USAGE, "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive");
635
636 if (npackets > 0) {
637 snpackets = npackets;
638 npackets = 0;
639 } else
640 snpackets = 1;
641 datalen = sweepmin;
642 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin;
643 }
644 if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax)
645 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified");
646
647 /*
648 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
649 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
650 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
651 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
652 * or multicast pings if they wish.
653 */
654
655 /*
656 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
657 * as well.
658 */
659 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
660 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
661 sizeof(hold));
662 if (uid == 0)
663 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
664 sizeof(hold));
665
666 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
667 printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
668 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
669 if (source)
670 printf(" from %s", shostname);
671 if (sweepmax)
672 printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
673 sweepmin, sweepmax);
674 else
675 printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
676
677 } else {
678 if (sweepmax)
679 printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
680 hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax);
681 else
682 printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
683 }
684
685 /*
686 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
687 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
688 */
689
690 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
691 si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
692
693 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
694 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
695 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
696 }
697
698 si_sa.sa_handler = status;
699 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
700 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
701 }
702
703 if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
704 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
705 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
706 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
707 }
708
709 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
710 msg.msg_name = &from;
711 msg.msg_iov = &iov;
712 msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
713 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
714 msg.msg_control = ctrl;
715 #endif
716 iov.iov_base = (char *)packet;
717 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
718
719 if (preload == 0)
720 pinger(); /* send the first ping */
721 else {
722 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
723 preload = npackets;
724 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */
725 pinger();
726 }
727 gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
728
729 if (options & F_FLOOD) {
730 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
731 intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
732 } else {
733 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000000;
734 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000000;
735 }
736
737 almost_done = 0;
738 while (!finish_up) {
739 struct timeval now, timeout;
740 fd_set rfds;
741 int cc, n;
742
743 check_status();
744 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
745 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
746 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
747 FD_SET(s, &rfds);
748 gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
749 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
750 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
751 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
752 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
753 timeout.tv_sec--;
754 }
755 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
756 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
757 timeout.tv_sec++;
758 }
759 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
760 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
761 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
762 if (n < 0)
763 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */
764 if (n == 1) {
765 struct timeval *tv = NULL;
766 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
767 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
768
769 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
770 #endif
771 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
772 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
773 if (errno == EINTR)
774 continue;
775 warn("recvmsg");
776 continue;
777 }
778 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
779 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
780 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
781 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
782 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
783 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
784 tv = &now;
785 }
786 #endif
787 if (tv == NULL) {
788 gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
789 tv = &now;
790 }
791 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
792 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
793 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
794 break;
795 }
796 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
797 if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) {
798 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr ; ++i)
799 *datap++ = i;
800 datalen += sweepincr;
801 if (datalen > sweepmax)
802 break;
803 send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
804 sntransmitted = 0;
805 }
806 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
807 pinger();
808 else {
809 if (almost_done)
810 break;
811 almost_done = 1;
812 intvl.tv_usec = 0;
813 if (nreceived) {
814 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
815 if (!intvl.tv_sec)
816 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
817 } else {
818 intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
819 intvl.tv_usec = waittime % 1000 * 1000;
820 }
821 }
822 gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
823 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
824 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
825 if (options & F_MISSED)
826 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
827 }
828 }
829 }
830 finish();
831 /* NOTREACHED */
832 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */
833 }
834
835 /*
836 * stopit --
837 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
838 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
839 * to be called from a signal handler.
840 */
841 void
stopit(int sig __unused)842 stopit(int sig __unused)
843 {
844
845 /*
846 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
847 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
848 */
849 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
850 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
851 finish_up = 1;
852 }
853
854 /*
855 * pinger --
856 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet
857 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
858 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN
859 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
860 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
861 */
862 static void
pinger(void)863 pinger(void)
864 {
865 struct timeval now;
866 struct tv32 tv32;
867 struct ip *ip;
868 struct icmp *icp;
869 int cc, i;
870 u_char *packet;
871
872 packet = outpack;
873 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
874 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
875 icp->icmp_code = 0;
876 icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
877 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
878 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */
879
880 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
881
882 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
883 gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
884
885 tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec);
886 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec);
887 if (options & F_TIME)
888 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
889 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
890 if (timing)
891 bcopy((void *)&tv32,
892 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
893 sizeof(tv32));
894 }
895
896 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
897
898 /* compute ICMP checksum here */
899 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
900
901 if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
902 cc += sizeof(struct ip);
903 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
904 ip->ip_len = htons(cc);
905 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
906 packet = outpackhdr;
907 }
908 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
909 sizeof(whereto));
910
911 if (i < 0 || i != cc) {
912 if (i < 0) {
913 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
914 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
915 return;
916 }
917 warn("sendto");
918 } else {
919 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
920 hostname, i, cc);
921 }
922 }
923 ntransmitted++;
924 sntransmitted++;
925 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
926 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
927 }
928
929 /*
930 * pr_pack --
931 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary
932 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
933 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this
934 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
935 */
936 static void
pr_pack(char * buf,int cc,struct sockaddr_in * from,struct timeval * tv)937 pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timeval *tv)
938 {
939 struct in_addr ina;
940 u_char *cp, *dp;
941 struct icmp *icp;
942 struct ip *ip;
943 const void *tp;
944 double triptime;
945 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
946 static int old_rrlen;
947 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
948
949 /* Check the IP header */
950 ip = (struct ip *)buf;
951 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
952 recv_len = cc;
953 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
954 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
955 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
956 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
957 return;
958 }
959
960 /* Now the ICMP part */
961 cc -= hlen;
962 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
963 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
964 if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
965 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
966 ++nreceived;
967 triptime = 0.0;
968 if (timing) {
969 struct timeval tv1;
970 struct tv32 tv32;
971 #ifndef icmp_data
972 tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
973 #else
974 tp = icp->icmp_data;
975 #endif
976 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len;
977
978 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= (int)sizeof(tv1)) {
979 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
980 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32));
981 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec);
982 tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec);
983 tvsub(tv, &tv1);
984 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
985 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
986 tsum += triptime;
987 tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
988 if (triptime < tmin)
989 tmin = triptime;
990 if (triptime > tmax)
991 tmax = triptime;
992 } else
993 timing = 0;
994 }
995
996 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
997
998 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
999 ++nrepeats;
1000 --nreceived;
1001 dupflag = 1;
1002 } else {
1003 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1004 dupflag = 0;
1005 }
1006
1007 if (options & F_QUIET)
1008 return;
1009
1010 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1011 ++nrcvtimeout;
1012 return;
1013 }
1014
1015 if (options & F_FLOOD)
1016 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1017 else {
1018 printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1019 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
1020 seq);
1021 printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
1022 if (timing)
1023 printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1024 if (dupflag)
1025 printf(" (DUP!)");
1026 if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1027 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1028 if (options & F_MASK) {
1029 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1030 printf(" mask=%s",
1031 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
1032 }
1033 if (options & F_TIME) {
1034 printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1035 printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1036 printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1037 }
1038 if (recv_len != send_len) {
1039 printf(
1040 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1041 recv_len, send_len);
1042 }
1043 /* check the data */
1044 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1045 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1046 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1047 i = 0;
1048 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */
1049 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1050 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1051 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1052 i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1053 }
1054 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1055 if (*cp != *dp) {
1056 printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1057 i, *dp, *cp);
1058 printf("\ncp:");
1059 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1060 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1061 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1062 printf("\n\t");
1063 printf("%2x ", *cp);
1064 }
1065 printf("\ndp:");
1066 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1067 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1068 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1069 printf("\n\t");
1070 printf("%2x ", *cp);
1071 }
1072 break;
1073 }
1074 }
1075 }
1076 } else {
1077 /*
1078 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1079 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1080 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1081 * and ICMP type and ID.
1082 *
1083 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1084 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1085 * available to those not running as root.
1086 */
1087 #ifndef icmp_data
1088 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1089 #else
1090 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1091 #endif
1092 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1093
1094 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1095 (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1096 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1097 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1098 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1099 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1100 printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1101 pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1102 pr_icmph(icp);
1103 } else
1104 return;
1105 }
1106
1107 /* Display any IP options */
1108 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1109
1110 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1111 switch (*cp) {
1112 case IPOPT_EOL:
1113 hlen = 0;
1114 break;
1115 case IPOPT_LSRR:
1116 case IPOPT_SSRR:
1117 printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1118 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1119 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1120 hlen -= 2;
1121 cp += 2;
1122 if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1123 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1124 for (;;) {
1125 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1126 if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1127 printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1128 else
1129 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina));
1130 hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1131 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1132 j -= INADDR_LEN;
1133 if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1134 break;
1135 putchar('\n');
1136 }
1137 } else
1138 printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1139 break;
1140 case IPOPT_RR:
1141 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */
1142 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */
1143 hlen -= 2;
1144 cp += 2;
1145 if (i > j)
1146 i = j;
1147 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1148 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1149 old_rrlen = 0;
1150 continue;
1151 }
1152 if (i == old_rrlen
1153 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1154 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1155 printf("\t(same route)");
1156 hlen -= i;
1157 cp += i;
1158 break;
1159 }
1160 old_rrlen = i;
1161 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1162 printf("\nRR: ");
1163 if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1164 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1165 for (;;) {
1166 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1167 if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1168 printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1169 else
1170 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina));
1171 hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1172 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1173 i -= INADDR_LEN;
1174 if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1175 break;
1176 putchar('\n');
1177 }
1178 } else
1179 printf("\t(truncated route)");
1180 break;
1181 case IPOPT_NOP:
1182 printf("\nNOP");
1183 break;
1184 default:
1185 printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1186 break;
1187 }
1188 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1189 putchar('\n');
1190 fflush(stdout);
1191 }
1192 }
1193
1194 /*
1195 * in_cksum --
1196 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1197 */
1198 u_short
in_cksum(u_short * addr,int len)1199 in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len)
1200 {
1201 int nleft, sum;
1202 u_short *w;
1203 union {
1204 u_short us;
1205 u_char uc[2];
1206 } last;
1207 u_short answer;
1208
1209 nleft = len;
1210 sum = 0;
1211 w = addr;
1212
1213 /*
1214 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1215 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1216 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1217 */
1218 while (nleft > 1) {
1219 sum += *w++;
1220 nleft -= 2;
1221 }
1222
1223 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1224 if (nleft == 1) {
1225 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1226 last.uc[1] = 0;
1227 sum += last.us;
1228 }
1229
1230 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1231 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1232 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
1233 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
1234 return(answer);
1235 }
1236
1237 /*
1238 * tvsub --
1239 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to
1240 * be >= in.
1241 */
1242 static void
tvsub(struct timeval * out,struct timeval * in)1243 tvsub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in)
1244 {
1245
1246 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1247 --out->tv_sec;
1248 out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1249 }
1250 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1251 }
1252
1253 /*
1254 * status --
1255 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1256 */
1257
1258 static void
status(int sig __unused)1259 status(int sig __unused)
1260 {
1261
1262 siginfo_p = 1;
1263 }
1264
1265 static void
check_status(void)1266 check_status(void)
1267 {
1268
1269 if (siginfo_p) {
1270 siginfo_p = 0;
1271 fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.1f%%)",
1272 nreceived, ntransmitted,
1273 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1274 if (nreceived && timing)
1275 fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1276 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1277 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1278 }
1279 }
1280
1281 /*
1282 * finish --
1283 * Print out statistics, and give up.
1284 */
1285 static void
finish(void)1286 finish(void)
1287 {
1288
1289 signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1290 signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1291 putchar('\n');
1292 fflush(stdout);
1293 printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1294 printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1295 printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1296 if (nrepeats)
1297 printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1298 if (ntransmitted) {
1299 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1300 printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1301 else
1302 printf("%.1f%% packet loss",
1303 ((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) /
1304 ntransmitted);
1305 }
1306 if (nrcvtimeout)
1307 printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout);
1308 putchar('\n');
1309 if (nreceived && timing) {
1310 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1311 double avg = tsum / n;
1312 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1313 printf(
1314 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1315 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1316 }
1317
1318 if (nreceived)
1319 exit(0);
1320 else
1321 exit(2);
1322 }
1323
1324 #ifdef notdef
1325 static char *ttab[] = {
1326 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */
1327 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1328 "Source Quench", /* IP */
1329 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */
1330 "Echo",
1331 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1332 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */
1333 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1334 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */
1335 "Info Request", /* id + sq */
1336 "Info Reply" /* " */
1337 };
1338 #endif
1339
1340 /*
1341 * pr_icmph --
1342 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1343 */
1344 static void
pr_icmph(struct icmp * icp)1345 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp)
1346 {
1347
1348 switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1349 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1350 printf("Echo Reply\n");
1351 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1352 break;
1353 case ICMP_UNREACH:
1354 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1355 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1356 printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1357 break;
1358 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1359 printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1360 break;
1361 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1362 printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1363 break;
1364 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1365 printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1366 break;
1367 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1368 printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1369 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1370 break;
1371 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1372 printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1373 break;
1374 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1375 printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1376 break;
1377 default:
1378 printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1379 icp->icmp_code);
1380 break;
1381 }
1382 /* Print returned IP header information */
1383 #ifndef icmp_data
1384 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1385 #else
1386 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1387 #endif
1388 break;
1389 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1390 printf("Source Quench\n");
1391 #ifndef icmp_data
1392 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1393 #else
1394 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1395 #endif
1396 break;
1397 case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1398 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1399 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1400 printf("Redirect Network");
1401 break;
1402 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1403 printf("Redirect Host");
1404 break;
1405 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1406 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1407 break;
1408 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1409 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1410 break;
1411 default:
1412 printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1413 break;
1414 }
1415 printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1416 #ifndef icmp_data
1417 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1418 #else
1419 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1420 #endif
1421 break;
1422 case ICMP_ECHO:
1423 printf("Echo Request\n");
1424 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1425 break;
1426 case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1427 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1428 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1429 printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1430 break;
1431 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1432 printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1433 break;
1434 default:
1435 printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1436 icp->icmp_code);
1437 break;
1438 }
1439 #ifndef icmp_data
1440 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1441 #else
1442 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1443 #endif
1444 break;
1445 case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1446 printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1447 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1448 #ifndef icmp_data
1449 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1450 #else
1451 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1452 #endif
1453 break;
1454 case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1455 printf("Timestamp\n");
1456 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1457 break;
1458 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1459 printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1460 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1461 break;
1462 case ICMP_IREQ:
1463 printf("Information Request\n");
1464 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1465 break;
1466 case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1467 printf("Information Reply\n");
1468 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1469 break;
1470 case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1471 printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1472 break;
1473 case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1474 printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1475 break;
1476 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1477 printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1478 break;
1479 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1480 printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1481 break;
1482 default:
1483 printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1484 }
1485 }
1486
1487 /*
1488 * pr_iph --
1489 * Print an IP header with options.
1490 */
1491 static void
pr_iph(struct ip * ip)1492 pr_iph(struct ip *ip)
1493 {
1494 u_char *cp;
1495 int hlen;
1496
1497 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1498 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */
1499
1500 printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n");
1501 printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x",
1502 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1503 ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1504 printf(" %1lx %04lx",
1505 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1506 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1507 printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1508 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1509 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1510 /* dump any option bytes */
1511 while (hlen-- > 20) {
1512 printf("%02x", *cp++);
1513 }
1514 putchar('\n');
1515 }
1516
1517 /*
1518 * pr_addr --
1519 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1520 * a hostname.
1521 */
1522 static char *
pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)1523 pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)
1524 {
1525 struct hostent *hp;
1526 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1527
1528 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1529 !(hp = gethostbyaddr(&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1530 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1531 else
1532 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1533 inet_ntoa(ina));
1534 return(buf);
1535 }
1536
1537 /*
1538 * pr_retip --
1539 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1540 */
1541 static void
pr_retip(struct ip * ip)1542 pr_retip(struct ip *ip)
1543 {
1544 u_char *cp;
1545 int hlen;
1546
1547 pr_iph(ip);
1548 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1549 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1550
1551 if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1552 printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1553 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1554 else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1555 printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1556 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1557 }
1558
1559 static char *
pr_ntime(n_time timestamp)1560 pr_ntime (n_time timestamp)
1561 {
1562 static char buf[10];
1563 int hour, min, sec;
1564
1565 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1566 hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1567 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1568 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1569
1570 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1571
1572 return (buf);
1573 }
1574
1575 static void
fill(char * bp,char * patp)1576 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
1577 {
1578 char *cp;
1579 int pat[16];
1580 u_int ii, jj, kk;
1581
1582 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1583 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1584 errx(EX_USAGE,
1585 "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1586
1587 }
1588 ii = sscanf(patp,
1589 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1590 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1591 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1592 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1593
1594 if (ii > 0)
1595 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1596 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1597 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1598 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1599 printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1600 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1601 printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1602 printf("\n");
1603 }
1604 }
1605
1606 static void
usage(void)1607 usage(void)
1608 {
1609
1610 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1611 "usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-G sweepmaxsize] [-g sweepminsize]",
1612 " [-h sweepincrsize] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]",
1613 " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize] [-t timeout]",
1614 " [-W waittime] [-z tos] host",
1615 " ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1616 " [-M mask | time] [-m ttl] [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1617 " [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-W waittime]",
1618 " [-z tos] mcast-group");
1619 exit(EX_USAGE);
1620 }
1621